Ch 6 Environment

What does the T stand for in the IPAT model

Technology

*Comparing population age-structure graphs* (c) in 2014, how many 25-29 year old women lived in Niger

about .6 million

a population in the post industrial stage would be expected to have

birth and death rates at low stable levels

if global fertility rates remain at 2008 levels, the UN predicts that world population will surpass ____ billion in 2050

9 billion

______ is the world's most populous nation, home to _______ of the people living on earth

China. One fifth.

Greece had more females than males in 2000. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this

Males generally have a shorter life span than females

*MapMaster: Southwest Asia and North Africa* which of the following supports the greatest population denisty

Nile river delta

*Age structure diagram of Canda* (a) *Age structure diagram of Nigeria* (b) Looking at the figure, you are able to determine?

That the population in the part (b) is growing more rapidly

Which of these statements about the growth of the human population is true?

The rate at which the population has been growing has slowed in the past 50 years, but the human population is sill getting larger

The view held by both Malthus and Paul Ehrlich suggests that depletion of resource supplies due to greater numbers of people is what?

a problem because some resources are limited and can be depleted

*Comparing population age-structure graphs* (d) the colors of the bars on the graphs indicate the life stage of the people in that age class. What does it mean if a bar is colored red?

the people in that age are past reproductive age

what is significant about the period in a woman's life between sexual maturity and menopause

the reproductive window

How do women cause a reduction in the TFR?

through empowerment, personal choice and education

the 1994 Cairo, Egypt coference was organized to do what?

to urge governments to better address social issues such as poverty and disease as potential sources of population problems

declining death rates due to increased food production and improved medical care while birth rates remain high is characteristic of what stage

transitional

assuming the current trend continues, in 2030 Colombia will have more children than elderly members of the population. true or false?

true

assuming the current trend continues, in 2030 Colombia will have more children that reproductive-age individuals. true or false?

true

*Comparing population age-structure graphs* (e) The 2014 age-structure pyramid for Niger indicates that the population of Niger was?

was increasing

Demographic transition model: label in order

1. Pre-industrial stage:populations grow slowly (or not at all) despite high birth rates because death rates are similarly high 2. Transitional: the large gap in birth and death rates lead to big increases in population 3. Industrial stage: population growth slows as birth rates drop and approach death rates 4. Post-industrial: populations stabilize when birth rates and death rates are similarly low

The world population growth is currently close to what %?

1.2%

During what period did the worlds population more than double?

1950-2000

*MapMaster: Southwest Asia and North Africa* Which of the following best explains why the population density is so much higher in the North and East of this region, compared to the south and west

All of the listed responses are correct

what occurs during the final stage, the post industrial stage, of the demographic transition model

Both the birth rate and the death rate continue along at very low levels

Why do we study demography

Demography investigates the relationship between population ecology and population changes

Assuming the current trend continues, in 2030 Greece will have more children than elderly members of the population. True or false?

False

Assuming the current trend continues, in 2030 Greece will have more children than reproductive-age individuals. True or false?

False

Which was Thomas Mathus's argument?

He argued that if there was no control over population growth, then the population would come under check because of war, disease and starvation

Which of the following statements about growth rate and population size is true?

If the growth rate remains steady, population size will continue to increase by greater increments with each generation

The most accurate terms describing the trend over the past 50 years for human use of natural resources are?

Increasing and sustainable

what is the sex ratio in China because of the one child policy

It is skewed more towards males, causing a slowing in population growth

which of the following countries has the highest population growth rate

Pakistan

*Comparing population age-structure graphs* (i) Based on a comparison of the age-structure pyramids, which of the following would likely be a higher priority in the Netherlands than in Niger?

Providing long-term care for the elderly

Which large country is currently experiencing zero or negative population growth?

Russia

What does the S that is sometimes included in the I = PAT equation stand for?

Sensitivity, to denote how sensitive a given environment is to these pressures that cause more damage for sensitive habitats

*Comparing population age-structure graphs* (h) assuming that the current trends continue, predict how the age structure of the Netherlands in 2034 will likely differ from that in 2014.

The proportion of the population made up of older adults (65+) will increase

Assuming the current trend continues, in 2030 Greece will have more reproductive age individuals than children. True or false?

True

Which of the following is not one of the world's top five most populous nations?

Vietnam

*Viewpoints: Human Population* Predict which of the following UN funding proposals both Sylva and Seager might support?

a development plan to build schools for girls in a poverty-stricken country

which of the following populations will most likely be stable over time

a population with an approximately equal number of individuals who are elderly and people who are pre-reproductive and reproductive age

*Comparing population age-structure graphs* (g) in the Netherlands in 2014, people between the ages of 45 and 54 made up the largest percentage of the population. What factor is the most likely to have caused this bulge in the age pyramid?

a surge in the birth rate after WWII ended in 1945

*Comparing population age-structure graphs* (f) in the netherlands in 2014, which age classes contained the largest number of people?

adults between 45 and 54

*MapMaster: Southwest Asia and North Africa* Where does most of the human population live in this region?

along the rivers and coasts

Which of the following was a factor in helping to reduce total fertility rate of developed countries in the recent past

better medical care

What is the maximum population size that a given environment can sustain

carrying capacity

the population of Greece is expected to ______

decline

*Viewpoints: Human Population* sylva emphasizes the dangers to economies and social welfare systems from declining fertility rates. in comparison to sylva, what would seager say about declining fertility

declining fertility would provide many social benefits, such as less crowded schools and roads

Which term describes the amount of cumulative land and water required to provide the raw materials a person or population consumes and to dispose of the waste that is produced

ecological footprint

The population of Colombia is currently

expanding

Assuming the current trend continues, in 2030 colombia will have more elderly than reproductive age individuals. true or false?

false

*MapMaster: Southwest Asia and North Africa* most of this region has a population density of ________ people per square kilometer

fewer than 6

*Viewpoints: Human Population* Douglas Sylva gives four reason why government population control is bad policy. Which of the following statements represents one of his reasons

government influence over family size is prone to abuse

*Viewpoints: Human Population* although Sylva and Seaer seem to agree that couples should be able to make their own family planning decisions, they would disagree about which of the following statements?

governments should provide resources and education for family planning

a country with ______ is not expected to grow quickly in the near future

high female employment and literacy

According to the IPAT model, technology that enhances our acquisition of minerals, fossil fuels, timber and ocean fish does what?

increases environmental impact

the transitional stage in Frank Notestein's demographic model is initiated by what?

industrialization

increasing levels of literacy among women is show to

lower TFR

*Age structure diagram of Canda* (a) *Age structure diagram of Nigeria* (b) The population in part (a) is likely to experience what soon?

more senior citizens

*MapMaster: Southwest Asia and North Africa* Compared to the north and east of this region, the population density of the south and west is?

much less

*Interpreting Graphs and Data: Education and Fertility Rates* According to the graph, what type of relationship exists between a nation's total fertility rate and its female secondary school enrollment rate?

negative relationship

*Viewpoints: Human Population* John Seager describes several benefits of smaller families, including?

reduced carbon emissions

recent research suggests that _______ has/have contributed to the large drop in fertility rates in Brazil over the past several decades

soap operas

*Comparing population age-structure graphs* (a) Look at the age structure pyramids. The numbers between the bars ( in the middle of the graphs) serve as the y-axis. What do these numbers represent?

the age classes, in 5 year ranges

what is meant by family planning

the effort to plan the number and spacing of one's children

*Comparing population age-structure graphs* (b) what do the bars on the graphs represent

the number of males and females in each age group

when do smaller numbers of people have larger ecological footprints

when they are from affluent, wealthier nations

*Interpreting Graphs and Data: Education and Fertility Rates* Which two statements are supported by the graph?

•Increasing female secondary school enrollment is strongly associated with reduced fertility rates •Cambodia and Guatemala have similar fertility rates but differ in their secondary school enrollment rates