Ch. 6

The maximum Coriolis effect occurs at the equator due to slower rotational velocity compared to higher latitudes. True False

False

The place traced by Earth's orbit is called the vernal equinox. True False

False

The trade winds can be found between 30° and 60°N and S latitudes. True False

False

Tropical cyclones derive their energy from the water's high latent heat of fusion. True False

False

Within the troposphere, the atmosphere gets warmer with increasing altitude. True False

False

The intensity of tropical cyclones is measured by meteorologists using the __________ scale. Mercali Mohs Saffir-Simpson Beaufort Wentworth

Saffir-Simpson

Part A Refer to the figure below and use the numbers that correspond to global wind belts and latitudes to answer the following question. The polar front is labeled number: 1. 2. 3. 5. 6.

1

Earth's axis of rotation is tilted at an angle of _______ to the plane of the ecliptic: 90°. 0°. 23.5°. 180°. none of the above is correct.

23.5°.

Refer to the figure below and use the numbers that correspond to global wind belts and latitudes to answer the following question. The area of the globe (latitude) that is characterized by falling air masses and little precipitation is labeled number: 1. 2. 3. 5. 6.

6

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Please identify the word and/or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern. Enter only the letter of the answer (caps, no period, and not the full entry) in the field below. A. doldrums B. northeast trade winds C. polar easterlies D. southeast trade winds E. westerlies

A. doldrums

Of the following statements about the tilt of Earth's axis, which one is true? Select only one answer. An increase in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers. An increase in Earth's tilt would cause warmer winters and colder summers. An increase in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and colder summers. A decrease in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers. A decrease in Earth's tilt would cause warmer winters and warmer summers. A decrease in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and colder summers.

An increase in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers.

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Please identify the word and/or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern. Enter only the letter of the answer (caps, no period, and not the full entry) in the field below. A. maximum sustained winds B. minimum central pressure C. sea surface salinity D. storm surge E. storm diameter

C. sea surface salinity

The apparent deflection of air masses to the right or left (depending on latitude) as they move from one latitude to another is called the: Hadley cell. Saffir-Simpson scale. Coriolis effect. Ekman spiral. Cyclonic effect.

Coriolis effect.

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Please identify the word and/or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern. Enter only the letter of the answer (caps, no period, and not the full entry) in the field below. A. ecliptic B. vernal equinox C. autumnal equinox D. westerlies E. summer solstice

D. westerlies

A maritime polar air mass is likely to be dry and cold. True False

False

An iceberg is a variety of sea ice. True False

False

Cool, dense air causes low pressure at the surface, whereas warm, less dense air causes high pressure. True False

False

Of the following statements about the doldrums, which is/are true? This is also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The doldrums are the boundary between the northeast trade winds and the southeast trade winds. There is usually little wind but a lot of rain associated with the doldrums. The doldrums are found as a global belt along the equator. The doldrums are an area of low atmospheric pressure.

This is also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The doldrums are the boundary between the northeast trade winds and the southeast trade winds. There is usually little wind but a lot of rain associated with the doldrums. The doldrums are found as a global belt along the equator. The doldrums are an area of low atmospheric pressure.

The angle at which direct sunlight strikes the ocean's surface is important in determining the amount of solar energy that is absorbed. True False

True

The large atmospheric circulation cells that occur between the equator and 30° latitude in each hemisphere are called Hadley cells. True False

True

Of the following statements about the transfer of heat on Earth, which is/are true? Water vapor in the air carries latent heat with it, which is released in other areas. The same side of Earth always remains in the Sun and keeps getting hotter while the other, nighttime, side keeps getting cooler. Air currents move warmer air from the tropics to higher latitudes. Earth's albedo reflects back into space all of the sunlight hitting Earth. Ocean currents move warm water from the tropics to higher latitudes

Water vapor in the air carries latent heat with it, which is released in other areas. Air currents move warmer air from the tropics to higher latitudes. Ocean currents move warm water from the tropics to higher latitudes

A cold air mass moving into an area occupied by relatively warm air is called a/an: high pressure system. occluded front. warm front. low pressure system. cold front.

cold front.

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. rising and sinking air masses moving in a circular fashion tropopause nitrogen (N2) troposphere convection cell water vapor

convection cell

Refer to the figure below, and use the information on the map corresponding to the ocean's climatic regions to answer the following question. When ice forms from seawater, the remaining seawater will have a: decreased density. darker color. higher temperature. higher salinity. lower temperature.

higher salinity.

The doldrums refer to the same region as the: jet stream. subtropics. inter-tropical convergence zone. trade winds. subtropical jet stream

inter-tropical convergence zone.

The strength of a hurricane stems from water's: latent heat of melting. latent heat of deposition. latent heat of condensation. latent heat of fusion. latent heat of sublimation.

latent heat of condensation.

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Tropic of Cancer prevailing wind pattern at tropical latitudes prevailing wind pattern at polar latitudes area where warm, moist air rises close to the equator located at 23.5° N latitude prevailing wind pattern at temperate latitudes

located at 23.5° N latitude

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Westerlies prevailing wind pattern at polar latitudes prevailing wind pattern at temperate latitudes located at 23.5° N latitude area where warm, moist air rises close to the equator prevailing wind pattern at tropical latitudes

prevailing wind pattern at temperate latitudes

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. Trade winds located at 23.5° N latitude prevailing wind pattern at polar latitudes area where warm, moist air rises close to the equator prevailing wind pattern at temperate latitudes prevailing wind pattern at tropical latitudes

prevailing wind pattern at tropical latitudes

Earth's atmosphere is heated primarily by __________. latent heat of condensation in storms solar energy interacting with the ionosphere solar energy interacting with the stratosphere re-radiation of solar energy from Earth's surface back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation conduction of heat from Earth's surface

re-radiation of solar energy from Earth's surface back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation

The largest loss of life from a hurricane is usually due to: low atmospheric pressure. intense precipitation. high winds. storm surge. none of the above

storm surge.

Of the following characteristics or features, which is/are associated with middle latitude storms, such as those that originate in the North Pacific Ocean between 40 and 60 degrees latitude? the polar front contrasting air masses the prevailing westerlies the jet stream movement from east to west

the polar front contrasting air masses the prevailing westerlies the jet stream movement from east to west

The Coriolis effect is caused by __________. the curvature of Earth changes in Earth's rotational velocity Earth's magnetic field the rotation of Earth the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)

the rotation of Earth

Surface winds in the tropics generally blow _______________. toward the equator from the east either from the east or west and either toward or away from the equator, depending on local conditions away from the equator from the west

toward the equator from the east

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. lowermost portion of Earth's atmosphere where most weather occurs convection cell troposphere nitrogen (N2) tropopause water vapor

troposphere

The lowermost portion of the atmosphere where most weather occurs is called the: ozone layer. upper atmosphere. troposphere. stratosphere. tropopause

troposphere.

All the following are true of the movement of Earth's atmosphere except : a column of cool, dense air produces high pressure at the Earth's surface. the movement of air within the atmospheric convection cells generates the Earth's major wind belts. warm air is less dense than cool air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface. a column of warm, less dense air produces low pressure at the Earth's surface. cool air is denser than warm air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface.

warm air is less dense than cool air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface.

Of the following characteristics or features, which is/are generally related to the formation or movement of hurricanes? warm air with lots of water vapor warm ocean water the trade winds water's latent heat of condensation a latitude of 0 degrees

warm air with lots of water vapor warm ocean water the trade winds water's latent heat of condensation

The temperate regions are characterized by: trade winds. high pressure. easterly winds. tropical cyclones. westerly winds.

westerly winds.