Ch. 6 Practice Assignment

Gross domestic product is ________.

the total economic value of goods and services produced by a country

Which of the following people is likely at the highest risk of dying from COVID-19 in the United States?

A 52-year-old Black man with heart disease living in Los Angeles

This country was once losing its forests at an alarming rate. Today, this nation has regained much of its forest cover, boasts a world-class park system, and stands as a global model for sustainable resource management.

Costa Rica

You discover your city's water is contaminated with high levels of nitrates. Which federal agency is responsible for ensuring this is handled?

Environmental Protection Agency

You are the CEO of a plastics manufacturer in Houston. Production was halted for three days due to COVID-19. Which of the following is true?

You do not have to report pollution from your company following your restart of production to the EPA

Which of the following people is most likely to support the work of the water protectors?

a member of MN350

Modern market economies generally do not address ________.

aesthetic and cultural value

________ is the sociological term for when consumerism and materialism fall short of providing contentment.

affluenza

Which of the following is a type of ecosystem service in the United States?

all of the listed choices are examples of ecosystem services in the United States

Which of the following best illustrates the intrinsic value of an ecosystem?

an estuary is often a stopover location for millions of migrating shorebirds that need to stop and fuel up on the invertebrates living in the mudflats

The bioenergy garden at Georgia Southern University is used to show plants that can be used __________.

as biofuels that will not add any extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

What ethical perspective would you ascribe to someone who makes environmental choices based on a respect for just the living things in an ecosystem?

biocentrism

Which type of ethical perspective is held by an individual who opposes the building of a new dam (which would generate needed hydropower) if the dam would cause the extinction of an entire species?

biocentrism

A(n) ________ is a person who gives intrinsic value to all living things in general.

biocentrist

LEED standards in the construction of new buildings establishes criteria that __________.

conserve energy and water and improve indoor air quality

The water reuse system on the campus of Georgia Southern University __________.

conserves water by using treated city wastewater instead of city tap water for irrigation

________ would oppose fuel efficiency standards because they believe that we will either find more oil or find an alternative solution to the fossil fuel crisis.

cornucopias

You are an epidemiologist for the Centers for Disease Control interested in studying how smog impacts COVID-19. Which of the following areas would be the best for you to collect data?

Los Angeles

Which of the following groups is most likely to suffer from the effects of uranium mining in the United States?

Native Americans

Providing renewable sources of electricity would best benefit which of the following areas struggling with COVID-19?

Navajo Nation

Which type of ethics dictates the sustainable use of natural resources while also managing them wisely?

conservation

The graph illustrates ________.

how price is determined by supply and demand

A large chemical company wishes to build a new manufacturing plant. Why is it more likely to be located in an area populated by minorities?

it is less expensive

If President Biden takes the same action on Line 3 as he took on the Dakota Access pipeline, which of the following will happen?

it will be canceled

The environmental justice movement started because __________.

people realized that environmental damage is not equally distributed among all classes and racial groups; minority and low-income communities tend to contain a much larger share of the environmental damage (such as landfills, incinerators, toxic waste sites, etc.)

Which of the following is true?

polluting industries are more likely to be located in low-income areas than in high-income areas

The idea that natural wilderness should be protected and kept pristine, regardless of the needs of humans, exemplifies the ________ ethic.

preservationist

In general, environmentalists believe that governments should ________.

promote social and environmental justice

Which approach assists consumers in choosing products that are grown or manufactured with environmentally friendly methods?

ecolabeling

While in the grocery store, Maria chooses to purchase the soy milk produced from nongenetically modified soybeans over the brand grown conventionally. Maria has made use of __________ for her decision.

ecolabeling

________ encourages more sustainable business practices.

ecolabeling

Members of the __________ movement would be very concerned about the unequal exposure of members of a certain race to pollution.

environmental justice

________ involves the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.

environmental justice

Today, the reasons conservationists have given for protecting natural environments are shifting from arguments based upon __________ to arguments based upon __________.

ethics; economics

One common way to increase the sustainability of a food system is to buy and consume __________.

foods that are grown locally

In Costa Rica, cutting down forests will almost immediately increase the cost of producing __________.

fresh water

A company that produces household cleaners decides to produce a "green" version of its products, even though the formulas are virtually unchanged compared to the original formulas. This is an example of __________.

greenwashing

You work for a non-profit organization calculating greenhouse gas emissions for oil companies. Which of the following information will you have to disclose to these companies?

tar sands produce more greenhouse emissions than crude oil

During what century did consumption of natural resources and pollution increase, dramatically amplifying human impacts on the environment?

the 19th century

How does the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) differ from the GPI (Genuine Progress Indicator)?

the GPI takes into account externalities (both good and bad) and other non market values, while the GDP does not

A universalist would argue that an ethical standard like __________ exists across all cultures and contexts.

the categorical imperative

In Central and South America, people are more likely to protect the natural environment because they are learning that __________.

the natural environment provides most of their basic needs

If Line 3 is completed as planned, how will it cross the rivers in its path?

the pipeline will go under rivers

What environmental problem is being addressed by the use of bio swales, large vegetated ditches or depressions, on the campus of Georgia Southern University?

the pollution of streams by oily runoff water from parking lots

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of economics?

the study of how humans use potentially scarce resources to meet demand

The conservation ethic suggested that __________.

resources should be used from natural areas but in a responsible way such that they are not depleted

You have two friends who are ethicists. One is a universalist, and the other is a relativist. You listen as they discuss many issues, during which all the following statements are made. Which statement is most likely to have been spoken by the relativist?

slavery is not ethically wrong in societies where slaves are otherwise at risk of starvation and misery

Which of the following foods important to the Ojibwe will be most impacted if Line 3 moves forward as planned?

wild rice

A person's culture plus his or her personal experience contributes to his or her __________.

worldview

How does pollution change the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

GDP goes up when the polluting substance is produced and again when society pays to remove substance from the environment

What is meant by "market failure"?

This occurs when markets do not take into account the environment's positive effects on economies (such as ecosystem services) or when they do not reflect the negative impacts of economic activity on people or the environment (external costs).

In which of the following ways did neoclassical economics contribute to environmental problems?

by encouraging society to view the supply of resources as infinite

Your friend is part of #ThisIsZeroHour. What is she primarily interested in?

climate change

Which of the following correctly illustrates the two ways that economic growth can occur?

increased inputs to the economy and improvements in efficiency through technology

________ is the philosophical movement espoused by Henry David Thoreau and Walt Whitman that saw natural entities as symbols or messengers of deeper spiritual truth.

transcendentalism

You wish to replicate the study by Dr. Robert Bullard that launched the environmental justice movement to learn if things have changed today. Which of the following do you analyze and compare to the percentage of black neighborhoods?

where waste is being disposed of