Ch 7, 9, 10

Structural mobility occurs when: An individual moves up the class ladder An individual moves down the class ladder A large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes A member of a family belongs to a different class than his or her siblings

A large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes

According to C. Wright Mills, which of the following people is most likely to be a member of the power elite? A war veteran A senator A professor A mechanic

A senator

Which statement illustrates high status consistency? A family of four lives in a one bedroom apartment who live paycheck to paycheck A single mother receives food stamps and struggles to find adequate employment A war veteran suffering from PTSD who now lives in the streets and has no steady income A suburban family lives in a modest ranch home and enjoys a nice vacation each summer

A suburban family lives in a modest ranch home and enjoys a nice vacation each summer

The term deviance can be defined as: The act of notifying authorities when criminal acts are occurring A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law Social reward for the violation of norms The regulation and enforcement of norms

A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law

88 million people live on less than $1.00 a day. These people are said to be living in ______. Subjective poverty Marginal poverty Absolute poverty Relative poverty

Absolute poverty

In the United States, where outsourcing is almost always addressed negatively, companies still get away with outsourcing. How do they do this? Capital flight, caused by outsourcing, helps local economies thrive, so Americans are willing to make the trade off. Deindustrialization, also caused by outsourcing, is better for the environment, so Americans are in favor of it. Americans want lower prices for their consumable products, and the only way for companies to deliver those low prices is to outsource the work to cheaper laborers. Companies find that the many U.S. restrictions on manufacturing can seriously disrupt production, which leads to profit loss, which in turn results in outsourcing.

Americans want lower prices for their consumable products, and the only way for companies to deliver those low prices is to outsource the work to cheaper laborers.

During the civil rights movement, Rosa Parks and other black protestors spoke out against segregation by refusing to sit at the back of the bus. This is an example of _______. An act of deviance An act of social control A social norm Criminal mores

An act of deviance

Which continent has the largest number of people living in poverty in the world? Asia Africa South America North America

Asia

Which of the following is an example of a negative informal sanction? Mario being sent to jail after robbing a CVS. Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine. Eleanor being given a "Teacher of the Year" award for her work as a high school English teacher. Meredith receiving compliments on her hair after visiting the salon.

Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine.

________ is a group who shares a common social status based on factors like wealth, income, education, and occupation. Class Caste Social economic status All of the above

Class

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquarters in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a ______ perspective to understand the global economy. Functionalist Theory Conflict Theory Feminist Theory Symbolic Interactionist

Conflict theory

According to strain theory, Walter White, the high school chemistry teacher that begins producing methamphetamine to help with the costs of his cancer diagnosis (among other things) went from a(n) ___________________ to a(n) ___________________. Innovator: Conformist Conformist; Innovator Retreatist; Ritualist Innovator; Ritualist

Conformist; Innovator

Immanuel Wallerstein's classification of nations uses which set of terms? Super powers, allies of super powers, enemies of super powers Primary nation, secondary nation, tertiary nation First world, second world, third world Core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation

Core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation

Which theory argues that deviance is a result of individuals conforming to the prevailing cultural norms of lower-class society. Furthermore, they argue that socioeconomic status along with race and ethnicity resulted in higher crime rates. Social disorganization theory Cultural deviance theory Conflict theory Labeling theory

Cultural deviance theory

In a U.S. town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. It sells goods to the workers at inflated prices, offers house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and makes sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This situation most closely resembles: Child slavery Chattel slavery Debt slavery Servile marriage

Debt slavery

Areas that once had vast economic growth and large amounts of industry, but are now suffering from the effects of outsourcing are going through a period of: Industrialization Deindustrialization Post-industrualization Industrialization transition

Deindustrialization

n 2008 the United States, as well as the rest of the world, felt the effects of the recession. After the collapse of the housing market, people lost their jobs and they quit spending money. Many people could not afford their mortgages anymore and their homes went into foreclosure. For many people, it was a time of __________. Social stratification Social inconsistency Horizontal mobility Downward mobility

Downward mobility

It was time for Oli to marry. He had finished school and was starting a job. His parents chose a bride for him whose parents had the same amount of wealth and belonged to the same class as they did. Oli and his bride will have a(n) ___________ marriage. Exogamous Endogamous Traditional Unconventional

Endogamous

The article Human Rights, Sex Trafficking, and Prostitution states that the majority of sex slaves around the world are males. True False

False

The phenomenon that women disproportionately makeup the majority of individuals living in poverty across the globe is known as, Individual Poverty Global feminization of poverty Poverty casualty Gendered poverty

Global feminization of poverty

Charlotte was born to a lower class family in rural Pennsylvania. After taking a job in the mailroom of a large corporate office, Charlotte is slowly promoted through the ranks and becomes CEO of the company by the age of 25. What type of social mobility is depicted here? Structural mobility Intrageneration mobility Intergenerational mobiliity Downward mobility

Intergenerational mobiliity

Jenni graduated with honors from a private liberal arts university, she is now the head editor for a major publishing firm. Jenni's brother, Sam, dropped out of high school and currently works as a bus boy in the local diner. Their differences in social class is known as, Upward mobility Downward mobility Intergenerational mobility Intragenerational mobility

Intragenerational mobility

In first grade, Scott is unfairly singled out by his teacher for bad behavior, partly because his older brothers had behavioral problems themselves. Throughout grade school, Scott gains a reputation as a "problem" child. Scott eventually drops out of school, thinking he was born to fail anyway. Which school of thought best fits Scott's experience? Strain theory Control theory Differential association theory Labeling theory

Labeling theory

What factor makes caste systems closed? They are run by secretive governments. People cannot change their social standings. Most have been outlawed. They exist only in rural areas.

People cannot change their social standings.

Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a: Positive informal sanction Negative informal sanction Positive formal sanction Negative formal sanction

Positive formal sanction

Ally's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of methamphetamines. By the age of 18, Ally has been arrested three times for possession of marijuana. Which theory best describes Ally's experience? Differential Association Theory Strain Theory Labeling Theory Opaque Theory

Strain theory

Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing: Global Poverty Absolute Poverty Subjective Poverty Relative Poverty

Subjective poverty

What did Stanley Milligram's study show? People will readily conform to the social roles they are expected to play, especially if the roles are strongly stereotyped. Demonstrates the positive traits associated with delayed gratification. Social group pressure leads individuals to conform. The willingness of individuals to obey an authority figure who instructs them to perform acts that go against their own personal beliefs.

The willingness of individuals to obey an authority figure who instructs them to perform acts that go against their own personal beliefs.

The Stanford Marshmallow Study found that children who ate the marshmallow were more stubborn, indecisive, mistrustful, and less confident as adults. True False

True

Jennifer Lawrence owns a home in Beverly Hills and another one on the French Riviera. She owns her own movie production company along with a large portfolio of stocks. The total of the different things she owns is considered her Income Wealth Prestige Power

Wealth

In Queens, New York, a young woman named Kitty Genovese was brutally attacked and murdered. As she was being attacked, at least 38 individuals in an adjacent apartment building heard her screams, yet no one called the police or offered help. This can best be explained using which concept? Do Nothing Effect Bystander Effect See Nothing, Do Nothing Phenomenon All of the above

Bystander Effect

In the article Human Rights, Sex Trafficking, and Prostitution, the ________ defines human trafficking as, the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipts of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Person The 1951 Refugee Convention World Health Organization Pan American Health Organization

UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Person

Lebron James, an inner-city youth spends many hours in the neighborhood playground shooting baskets on the basketball court and engaging in every game that he can play. His skills become outstanding, and he receives a college scholarship and then signs a lucrative contract to play in the National Basketball Association. This is an example of Upward mobility Downward mobility Horizontal mobility Structural mobility

Upward mobility

Spousal abuse is an example of a _______. Street crime Corporate crime Violent crime Nonviolent crime

Violent crime

The term secondary deviance can be defined as: When positive formal sanctions cause an individual to deviate from society's expectations. When a violation of norms does not result in any long-term effects on the individual's self-image or interactions with others. When negative informal sanctions encourage an individual to seek more positive behavioral choices. When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.

When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.