ch 9 review

Define memory

An active system that receives information from the senses, puts that information into a usable form, organizes it as it stores away, and then retrieves the information from storage

What magic number did miller find to be the capacity of short-term memory?

7

Define retrieval cue.

A stimulus for remembering (tieing it in with something you already know)

How does chunking work?

Breaking down info into smaller units

How is information processed in the parallel distributed processing model of memory?

Connections

Who plays a major role in research of eyewitness memory?

Elizabeth Loftus

What are the 3 processes of memory?(understand their meaning)

Encoding, Storage, Retrieval

What major contribution does Ebbinghaus make to memory/forgetting?

Forgetting curve

What is the difference between iconic and echoic memory?

Iconic memory is visual memory is shorter. Echoic memory is auditory memory is longer.

How does information get from our sensory to our short term memory?

Information gets from our sensory to our short term memory through selective attention, the ability to focus on only one stimulus from among all sensory input.

What is the capacity of long term memory?

LTM is unlimited

What are two types of rehearsals for moving information from short-term to long term?

Maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal

Define nondeclarative memories.

Nondeclarative (implicit) memory is a type of long-term memory including memory for skills, procedures, habits, and conditioned responses. These memories are not conscious but are implied to exist because they affect conscious behavior.

Define recency and primacy effect.

Recency effect is the tendency to remember information at the end of it rather than beginning. Primacy effect is the tendency to remember information at the beginning rather than at the end.

Which memory is recalling the definition of long-term memory.

Semantic because it's general knowledge

Which type of memory allows us to have meaningful conversations?

Short term echoic

Define sensory memory.

The very first stage of memory; the point at which information enters the nervous system through the sensory systems. Stimuli

What is an example of a flashbulb memory?

Traumatic events. 9/11

What happens as memories get older?

it changes and can be altered.