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Juran's

One of ____ ten steps states that an organization should build awareness of the need and opportunity for improvement.

yield

The ____ represents the number of units handled correctly through the process steps.

seven run rule

The ____ states that if seven data points in a row are all below the mean, above the mean, or are all increasing or decreasing, then the process needs to be examined for non-random problems.

Industrial engineers

____ often perform quality audits by helping to design specific quality metrics for a project and then applying and analyzing the metrics throughout the project

ISO 9000

____, a quality system standard developed by the ISO, is a three-part, continuous cycle of planning, controlling, and documenting quality in an organization.

95

A certainty factor of 1.960 is used for ____ percent desired certainty.

analyze

An important tool used in the ____ phase of the DMAIC process is the fishbone or Ishikawa diagram.

metrics

Examples of common ____________________ include failure rates of products produced, availability of goods and services, and customer satisfaction ratings.

define

Important tools used in the ____ phase of the DMAIC process include a project charter, a description of customer requirements, process maps, and Voice of the Customer (VOC) data.

99.7

In any normal distribution, ____ percent of the population is within three standard deviations of the mean.

five

It took only ____ years for 50 million people to use the Internet compared to 25 years for 50 million people to use telephones.

maintain momentum by making annual improvement part of the regular systems and processes of the company

Juran's final step to quality improvement is ____.

Deming's

One of ____ 14 Points for Management states that an organization should cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality.

quality control

Performing ____ involves monitoring specific project results to ensure that they comply with the relevant quality standards while identifying ways to improve overall quality.

quality assurance

Performing ____ involves periodically evaluating overall project performance to ensure that the project will satisfy the relevant quality standards.

three

Project quality management involves ____ main processes.

DMAIC

Projects that use Six Sigma principles for quality control normally follow a five-phase improvement process called ____.

project managers

Top management and ____ can have the greatest impact on the quality of projects by doing a good job of quality assurance.

software defect

Watts S. Humphrey defines a(n) ____ as anything that must be changed before delivery of the program.

Performance

____ addresses how well a product or service performs the customer's intended use.

Maintainability

____ addresses the ease of performing maintenance on a product.

Quality circles

____ are groups of non-supervisors and work leaders in a single company department who volunteer to conduct group studies on how to improve the effectiveness of work in their department.

System outputs

____ are the screens and reports the system generates.

Features

____ are the system's special characteristics that appeal to users.

Benchmarking

____ generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization.

Pareto charts

____ help(s) you identify the vital few contributors that account for most quality problems in a system.

CMMI

____ helps integrate traditionally separate organizational functions, set process improvement goals and priorities, provide guidance for quality processes, and provide a point of reference for appraising current processes.

Planning quality

____ includes identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and how to satisfy those standards.

Statistical sampling

____ involves choosing part of a population of interest for inspection.

Performing quality control

____ involves monitoring specific project results to ensure that they comply with the relevant quality standards while identifying ways to improve overall quality.

Performing quality assurance

____ involves periodically evaluating overall project performance to ensure that the project will satisfy the relevant quality standards.

Six Sigma

____ is a comprehensive and flexible system for achieving, sustaining and maximizing business success.

External failure cost

____ is a cost that relates to all errors not detected and not corrected before delivery to the customer.

Six 9s of quality

____ is a measure of quality control equal to 1 fault in 1 million opportunities.

Design of experiments

____ is a quality planning technique that helps identify which variables have the most influence on the overall outcome of a process.

Rework

____ is action taken to bring rejected items into compliance with product requirements or specifications or other stakeholder expectations.

User acceptance testing

____ is an independent test performed by end users prior to accepting the delivered system.

Reliability

____ is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions.

Appraisal cost

____ is the cost of evaluating processes and their outputs to ensure that a project is error-free or within an acceptable error range.

Functionality

____ is the degree to which a system performs its intended function.

Fitness for use

____ means a product can be used as it was intended.

Conformance to requirements

____ means the project's processes and products meet written specifications.

Acceptance decisions

determine(s) if the products or services produced as part of the project will be accepted or rejected.

customer

The ____ ultimately decides if quality is acceptable.

normal distribution

A ____ is a bell-shaped curve that is symmetrical regarding the average value of the population (the data being analyzed).

control chart

A ____ is a graphic display of data that illustrates the results of a process over time.

Pareto chart

A(n) ____ is a histogram that can help you identify and prioritize problem areas.

quality audit

A(n) ____ is a structured review of specific quality management activities that help identify lessons learned that could improve performance on current or future projects.

defect

A(n) ____ is any instance where the product or service fails to meet customer requirements.

unit test

A(n) ____ is done to test each individual component (often a program) to ensure that it is as defect-free as possible.

certainty factor

Sample size = 0.25 * (____________________/acceptable error)2

3.4

Six Sigma's target for perfection is the achievement of no more than ____ defects, errors, or mistakes per million opportunities.

variability

Standard deviation and ____ are fundamental concepts for understanding quality control charts.

quality

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) defines ____ as "the totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs."

Software Quality Function Deployment (SQFD)

The ____ model focuses on defining user requirements and planning software projects.

quality control

The ____ process is often associated with the technical tools and techniques of quality management, such as Pareto charts, quality control charts, and statistical sampling.

cost of non-conformance

The ____________________ means taking responsibility for failures or not meeting quality expectations.

quality planning

The main outputs of ____ are a quality management plan, quality metrics, quality checklists, a process improvement plan, and project document updates.

project quality management

The purpose of _____ is to ensure that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken.

Process adjustments

____ correct(s) or prevent(s) further quality problems based on quality control measurements.

Robust

____ design methods focus on eliminating defects by substituting scientific inquiry for trial-and-error methods.

Cause-and-effect. Fishbone. Ishikawa.

____ diagrams trace complaints about quality problems back to the responsible production operations.

Standard deviation

____ measures how much variation exists in a distribution of data.

Rework

____ often results in requested changes and validated defect repair, resulting from recommended defect repair or corrective or preventive actions

Crosby

____ wrote Quality Is Free in 1979 and is best known for suggesting that organizations strive for zero defects.