Ch.11 hw
An 8-fl oz glass of water is about ________, so someone would need to drink about 9 glasses of beverages to meet their needs.
240 ml
The average healthy adult body is composed of ________ water.
45-75 percent
what has the greatest effect on fluid balance?
Sodium
what is true about electrolytes?
They may carry a positive or negative charge
The majority of excess water is excreted through urine output. _________is also ____ through sweating.
Water ; lost
fruits and vegetables
are food groups that contain the most water
The fluid found inside the ____________________ constitutes the intravascular fluid.
blood and lymph vessels
Factors that determine the distribution of water in the body include
body composition, age, gender.
Water is essential for life. Although a person may be able to live weeks without food, he or she can survive only three to four days without water, especially in hot climates. He or she must maintain healthy fluid levels _________________________.
by balancing intake with excretion
grains
contain the least amount of water
Intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF) have _____________ mineral compositions.
different
The basic process that occurs during osmosis is
diffusion.
The kidneys help to monitor water balance by either _________________ consumed fluid.
excreting or retaining
The other route of water ________________ is through the gastrointestinal tract in the ________ , which accounts for approximately _______ per day in a healthy individual.
excretion ; feces ; 200 ml
What method of water excretion contributes the LEAST amount to water output?
feces
500 ml comes from ______; and beverages provide the balance of 2100 to 2200 ml.
food
Factors that determine the distribution of water in the body include all of the following except _________
height.
What is the function that water performs in the body?
helps transport waste products for excretion
Another ______ is lost each day through the _______ via breathing.
liter ; lungs
Males have more body water than females because __________.
males have a higher percentage of muscle mass
About 300 to 400 ml comes from water formed from the body's reactions, called
metabolic water
Based on a diet of approximately 2500 calories per day, a woman would ________________
need a total daily water intake of 3000 ml
Water moves from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration by
osmosis.
The sodium-potassium pump is a(n)
protein
sodium-potassium pump function
pumps sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell
the purpose of sweating is to
regulate body temp
Blood pressure rises when the body __________.
retains too much fluid, blood volume, and therefore blood pressure, will rise.
Electrolyte and fluid balance inside and outside of cells is maintained by the
sodium-potassium pump.
A liquid in which substances dissolve is called a
solvent
In healthy individuals, the amount of urine their bodies produce is heavily influenced by the amount they ________. This depends on ____________ , exercise intensity, and environmental temperature and humidity.
sweat ; body size
Degree of _____________ affects urine output.
sweating
The sodium-potassium pump involves active _____________.
transport
The majority of excess water is excreted through __________.
urine output
When the amount of water consumed in foods and beverages plus the amount which is produced as metabolic water is equal to the amount excreted through urine, stool, skin, sweat, and water vapor, the body is in
water balance
An individual can only survive for a few days
without water
Because the body can store water like it does fat, humans can survive for 10 to 15 days without water as long as they have food to eat.
wrong, the body needs water way more
