ch12 quiz - criminal law

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court hold that the government's installation of a GPS device on a target's vehicle, and its use of that device to monitor the vehicle's movements, constitutes a "search" constitutes a search a seizure under the Fourth Amendment?

Jones v. United States

Which of the following best describes the constitutionality of laws requiring individuals to present identification to law enforcement officers?

Officers may demand to see identification from individuals so long as reasonable suspicion exists to temporarily detain the suspect.

An officer must knock and announce himself or herself before entering a person's home to execute a warrant unless

all of the above: the officer's life would be endangered by so doing, a third person's life would be endangered by so doing, and such action would permit those inside to destroy evidence.

In determining whether a defendant's consent to search was valid, which of the following factors are considered by a reviewing court?

both A and B: the age and intelligence of the suspect and the length of detention

Administrative searches, such as health inspections of restaurants, must be supported by probable cause.

false

An officer may search an automobile anytime a lawful stop has been made.

false

It is violative of the Fourteenth Amendment for police to include ethnicity or skin color as a factor in profiles.

false

The plain view doctrine permits a police officer to arrest any person who commits a misdemeanor in the officer's presence.

false

The open fields doctrine

limited Fourth Amendment protection to only the area immediately around a person's home.

As a search incident to arrest, an officer may

search the defendant and all areas within the defendant's immediate control.

One party may consent to the search of another party's area provided

the two share access, control, and use of the property.

A magistrate may consider hearsay evidence when determining whether to issue a warrant.

true

A police officer may conduct a warrantless search of an automobile so long as probable cause exists to believe that the evidence sought will be found in the automobile.

true

A police officer may order the occupant (not the driver) of a lawfully stopped automobile out of the car during the stop without probable cause to believe that the occupant is concealing contraband or is a threat to the officer.

true

A statute authorizing the local prosecutor to issue arrest and search warrants violates the Fourth Amendment.

true

There is no constitutional requirement that a warrant be obtained to conduct an arrest in a public place.

true

Unless a search warrant provides otherwise, search warrants are to be executed during the day.

true

Which of the following best describes the Fourth Amendment status of a driver and a passenger of an automobile during a traffic stop?

Both driver and passenger are seized.

In what way did Katz v. United States change the law of search and seizure?

The Fourth Amendment was held to protect people, not places.

Before a "Terry" investigatory stop may be made, an officer must have

a reasonable suspicion that criminal activity is afoot.