ch17

The Columbian Exchange is the term historians use to describe the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, population, technology, and diseases that happened after contact between Europeans and native populations in the Americas. While much of what was extracted from the Americas was transported to Europe, exchange in the other direction also occurred. Which of the following species were imported into the Americas during this period?

Correct Answer(s) sheep cattle

Which of the following processes contributed to the Russification of Siberia?

Correct Answer(s) -development of creole versions of the Russian language -migration of large populations of Russians into Siberia -establishment of military and political control

Which of these statements apply to the Maori's entry into the global web?

Correct Answer(s) -they formally accepted the British reign. -They adopted pig and potato farming. -They embraced firearms and would trade women to obtain them, worsening an already growing sex trade.

Which of the following statements describe the formation and consequences of the transatlantic slave trade?

Correct Answer(s) During the colonial period, more than 12,000,000 souls were purchased from Africa. The transatlantic slave trade thrived for hundreds of years, until around 1860. Population collapse in the Americas created a scarcity of laborers for working in American mines and plantations; this demand for labor was satisfied by Africa.

Which of these statements apply to the Maori's entry into the global web?

Correct Answer(s) They formally accepted the British reign. They embraced firearms and would trade women to obtain them, worsening an already growing sex trade. They adopted pig and potato farming.

Taking this information into account, what are the larger conclusions we can draw about the history of Hispaniola?

Taíno culture was quickly eradicated and dominated by Europeans.

The demand for Siberian commodities originated Russia's desire to conquer the region.

T

North America

-beaver fur -locals sold their harvest to merchants

Siberia

-outsiders demanded tribute in the form of furs -sables, foxes, ermine, and squirrels' furs

incorrect statement

---Most African slaves that were sent to the Americas departed from South Africa. ---North America imported more African slaves than the Caribbean.

correct statement

--African peoples were sometimes captured and enslaved inland, and then forcefully taken to the coasts. --Brazil imported most of the African slaves that arrived in the Americas. --The Río de la Plata region (what is today Argentina and Uruguay) received almost 100,000 slaves.

rulers

--Islam provided prestige to this group through connections to distant centers of power and learning. --Islam offered justification for hierarchy and inequality.

What was the approximate death rate during these voyages?

12-15%

Based on scholarly approximations, how many people lived in Australia and the Pacific Islands by 1750, prior to frequent European contact?

4 million

To conquer the-----empires, Spaniards formed alliances with local enemy tribes. Thanks to these alliances, conquistadores took control of native empires in Mesoamerica and the Andes and managed to create Spanish-led------These new forms of political organization used most of the structures, commercial network, and political hierarchies created by the Amerindians. It took Spaniards longer to take control over-----political structures where guerrillas defended their territories.

Aztec and ink---viceroyalties---small

Which statement below correctly describes the life and accomplishments of Yermak Timofeyevich?

Correct Answer(s) -Yermak pioneered the expansion of the Russian fur trade into Siberia. His activities in Siberia spearheaded the introduction of disease and practices of brutality that ultimately killed many native Siberians.

Europeans did not only establish commercial relationships with Pacific Islanders and Australian Aborigines, but also imported-----. Missionaries brought with them---that led to the death of significant populations of natives. Since the widespread death and suffering seemed to affect newcomers far----than the local populations, many islanders attributed this disparity to God's divine protection.

Christianity---disease---less

Beginning in the mid- to late-sixteenth century, many coastlines of the Americas were inhabited by pirates. These groups were mostly comprised of---. Pirates in the Caribbean region enjoyed considerable success until the early----century, when European---became larger and more powerful.

European fugitive sailors---eighteenth---navies

This chapter, titled "Disruption," focuses on the creation of the first truly global web, which began forging during the fifteenth century. In what way was this process a "disruption"?

European influence, in most cases, completely altered the former social, economic, cultural, and political institutions of societies in Africa, the Americas, Siberia, and Oceania.

At the end of the nineteenth century, the islands of Hawaii rejected an overture for annexation from the United States, and retained its monarchy.

F

Peoples in Africa first learned about the practice of slavery with the arrival of white Europeans.

F

The primary difference between the Mongols and the European mariners rests on the fact that only the Europeans faced the negative consequences of their actions.

F

natives

Islam lowered the probability of being enslaved.

When voyaging to the Pacific Islands, European conquerors carried military technology with them. Which of the following leaders took advantage of this technology and used it to defeat his rivals and unify neighboring lands?

King Kamehameha

n Angola and Kongo,---mariners and settlers tried to develop different activities such as---and silver mining. Utterly failing in both, they developed an economy based on---trading.

Portuguese---farming---slave

European authorities repeatedly prohibited the enslavement of Amerindians; nevertheless, between 1500 and 1800 millions of Amerindians were enslaved.

T

When the Dutch first settled at the Cape of Good Hope in the mid-seventeenth century, the area's original native population, the Khoi, numbered between 50,000 and 100,000. Which of the following statements best describes the Khoi by 1800?

The Khoi population had almost diappeared.

merchants

This group believed that adopting Islam would provide a solid regulatory business framework.

The African slave trade lasted around 500 years. During this time, roughly 16 million sub-Saharan Africans were enslaved and forcefully traded to different parts of the world

Trans-Atlantic---Trans-Saharan---Indian Ocean---Red Sea

cod, rice and tobacco furs silver and sugar sugar

eastern coast of today's United States center of North America Viceroyalty of New Spain Caribbean islands

Communities of runaway slaves existed for decades in the Americas, especially in Amazonia. What was the English name given to these communities?

maroons

The mita and the encomienda were forced labor systems involving native peoples that the Spaniards made use of for their own advantage. While most----workers ended up in the mines, Amerindians conscripted under----worked in large plantations (haciendas). Wage laborers and---generally worked side by side with the natives.

mita---encomienda---african slaves