Ch.19 Test Review

The "Cross of Gold" speech was given in 1896 by A. William McKinley. B. Grover Cleveland. C. Mark Hanna. D. William Jennings Bryan. E. James Weaver.

D. William Jennings Bryan.

In the late nineteenth century, Democrats tended to attract the greater numbers of A. Catholics. B. citizens of old American stock. C. the middle class. D. Protestants. E. northern blacks.

A. Catholics.

The American settler who served as prime minister of Hawaii for over a decade was A. G.P. Judd. B. Arthur MacArthur. C. Leonard Wood. D. Richard Olney. E. William Hooper.

A. G.P. Judd.

In 1896, the Democratic political platform A. adopted several, but not all, major Populist issues. B. refused to accept any major Populist demands. C. was thoroughly conservative and anti-Populist. D. brought unity among the party delegates. E. echoed the Republican platform on all major issues.

A. adopted several, but not all, major Populist issues.

In 1886, the Supreme Court decided in the case of Wabash, St. Louis, and Pacific Railway Co. v. Illinois that A. an Illinois Granger law was unconstitutional because it infringed on Congress's exclusive power over interstate commerce. B. an Illinois Granger law was constitutional because states have the power to regulate commerce in their own borders. C. an Illinois Granger law was unconstitutional because it violated the Fourteenth Amendment. D. an Illinois Granger law was constitutional because it had been passed by both houses of the Illinois state legislature. E. an Illinois Granger law was unconstitutional because it violated the protections afforded in the First Amendment.

A. an Illinois Granger law was unconstitutional because it infringed on Congress's exclusive power over interstate commerce.

In the 1890s, the interest in American expansion overseas was motivated in part by A. fears that domestic natural resources would soon be in limited supply. B. economic prosperity in the 1890s. C. a belief that the United States was dangerously overpopulated. D. the notion that European influence in the world was subsiding. E. a desire to calm labor unrest at home by focusing on foreign policy.

A. fears that domestic natural resources would soon be in limited supply.

American agriculture at the turn of the century benefited from A. foreign crop failures. B. new discoveries of silver. C. a new silver agreement with Great Britain and France. D. new federal crop subsidies. E. free trade agreements negotiated by William McKinley.

A. foreign crop failures.

The election of 1888 A. involved clear economic differences between the major parties. B. was one of the few elections during this era to escape charges of corruption. C. produced a clear mandate from the voters for political reform. D. was decided by the Congress. E. saw the Democrats take back the White House.

A. involved clear economic differences between the major parties.

In the 1890s, farmers favored the federal government's coinage of silver because A. it would result in an inflation of currency. B. they considered paper money to be worthless. C. it would allow them to carry more debt. D. they believed it would result in lower prices. E. it would mean more money for western miners, and thus the West.

A. it would result in an inflation of currency.

The author of The Influence of Sea Power upon History believed the United States A. should take possession of the Hawaiian Islands. B. should go to war with England to destroy its navy. C. had too cumbersome a navy and should streamline it by decommissioning capital ships. D. should both take possession of the Hawaiian Islands and go to war with England to destroy its navy. E. All these answers are correct.

A. should take possession of the Hawaiian Islands.

Chester A. Arthur A. supported the Pendleton Act as part of civil service reform. B. upset reformers by supporting the political "spoils system." C. quickly replaced most of James Garfield's appointees. D. was a political novice when he assumed the presidency. E. had long been a fierce opponent of Roscoe Conkling.

A. supported the Pendleton Act as part of civil service reform.

The 1896 election results saw A. the Populist movement suffer a disastrous defeat. B. William McKinley carry the rural vote. C. William Jennings Bryan earn his greatest support in the industrial Northeast. D. the Republicans carry the South for the first time since the Civil War. E. William Jennings Bryan win the popular vote but lose the electoral vote.

A. the Populist movement suffer a disastrous defeat.

The economic decline that followed the Panic of 1893 demonstrated A. the degree to which the American economy had become interconnected. B. the need for a national stock market. C. the need for the enforcement of the Sherman Antitrust Act. D. the decline in importance of railroads over the previous decade. E. the staying power of many new, aggressive businesses.

A. the degree to which the American economy had become interconnected.

An examination of American voters in the late nineteenth century reveals A. voter turnout for both presidential and non-presidential elections was very high. B. there was greater voter interest for local elections than for national elections. C. southern white males voted Republican as a matter of unquestioned faith. D. voters did not strongly identify with either the Republican or Democratic Party. E. voter turnout was lower than it has been in recent decades.

A. voter turnout for both presidential and nonpresidential elections was very high.

Compared to the Grange movement, The Farmers' Alliances A. were far more widespread. B. were created to replace Grange associations. C. had more effective and better managed cooperatives. D. sought a closer working relationship with banks. E. shunned the political system, emphasizing instead education and organization.

A. were far more widespread

In American politics during the late nineteenth century, A. Democrats most often won the presidency. B. Republicans usually held a majority in the Senate. C. Republicans usually held a majority in the House. D. most southern states voted Republican. E. control of both sides of Congress was extraordinarily fluid.

B. Republicans usually held a majority in the Senate.

In 1894, Jacob Coxey and his supporters A. demanded that Congress establish a program of unemployment insurance. B. called for a public works program for the unemployed. C. organized a march on Washington in plans to overthrow the government. D. were arrested by police with many later deported as anarchists. E. demanded that Congress nationalize the railroads.

B. called for a public works program for the unemployed.

In the campaign of 1896, President William McKinley A. alienated Protestants by reaching out to Catholics. B. campaigned largely from his house. C. was significantly outspent by his opponent. D. appealed to the interests of urban industrial workers. E. embarked on an unprecedented public-speaking tour.

B. campaigned largely from his house.

As the Republican Party approached the 1896 election, they were A. deeply divided over their candidate. B. confident of victory. C. agreed that unemployment would be the major issue. D. deeply divided over their candidate, but confident of victory. E. None of these answers is correct.

B. confident of victory.

Arguments used by Social Darwinists in the United States to justify expansionism A. included the belief that weak nations should be left room to develop. B. contended that all nations were engaged in a constant struggle to survive. C. were created and first promoted by Charles Darwin himself. D. differed sharply from arguments used for domestic economic affairs. E. suggested that harmony among "races" depended on open markets and free trade.

B. contended that all nations were engaged in a constant struggle to survive.

James A. Garfield A. opposed reform of the civil service system as president. B. was elected president with a commanding popular-vote margin. C. was assassinated by an unsuccessful office seeker. D. had been nominated by the Republicans because he was a loyal Stalwart. E. All these answers are correct.

C. was assassinated by an unsuccessful office seeker.

Of the choices below, a voter's party identification in the nineteenth century was usually a reflection of A. economic status. B. cultural background. C. age. D. occupation. E. gender.

B. cultural background.

In the late nineteenth century, the Granger laws supported the interests of A. industrial labor. B. farmers. C. capitalists. D. southerners. E. immigrants.

B. farmers.

In 1892, President Grover Cleveland A. grew more active in social reform. B. followed policies similar to those of his first term. C. faced a Republican-controlled Congress. D. changed his position on tariffs. E. None of these answers is correct.

B. followed policies similar to those of his first term.

The Panic of 1893 A. grew out of a political scandal in the Cleveland administration. B. triggered the nation's most severe depression up to that point. C. began with a drought in the Midwest. D. was blamed largely on Populist politics. E. grew out of the Cleveland administration's attempts at monetary reform.

B. triggered the nation's most severe depression up to that point.

Regarding Samoa, the American Navy had a particular interest in the natural harbor at A. Oahu. B. Manono. C. Pago Pago. D. Savaii. E. Upolu.

C. Pago Pago.

In 1873, the congressional law that officially discontinued silver coinage A. was passed to benefit international trade merchants. B. was passed over the strong objections of farmers. C. became known to critics as the "Crime of `73." D. was hotly debated at the time. E. was passed because the value of silver had fallen to an all-time low.

C. became known to critics as the "Crime of `73."

The political battles between Stalwarts and Half-Breeds constituted a fight A. within the Democratic Party. B. that ultimately redefined national political practices. C. between traditionalists and reformers. D. that revolved around the temperance movement. E. over the legacy of Reconstruction.

C. between traditionalists and reformers.

The "Cross of Gold" speech appealed primarily to A. immigrants. B. Catholics. C. farmers. D. Republicans. E. bankers.

C. farmers.

In the late nineteenth century, American Populism A. embraced the widely held laissez-faire attitudes of the time. B. called for a return to a preindustrial American society. C. favored the direct election of United States senators. D. called for the abolition of all banks. E. called for a repeal of the income tax.

C. favored the direct election of United States senators.

In the 1890s, Populism appealed to A. the unemployed urban poor. B. unskilled industrial workers. C. small-scale farmers. D. urban middle-class reformers. E. All these answers are correct.

C. small-scale farmers.

In 1896, the major economic issue for William McKinley's administration was A. the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act. B. the restoration of "bimetallism." C. the need for higher tariff rates. D. labor unrest. E. the repeal of the Specie Resumption Act.

C. the need for higher tariff rates.

In the election of 1884, "Mugwumps" were A. civil servants. B. supporters of James G. Blaine. C. unhappy Republicans who threatened to vote for the Democrats. D. conservatives who wanted to limit civil service reform. E. Democrats who crossed over party lines to support Grover Cleveland.

C. unhappy Republicans who threatened to vote for the Democrats.

The leader of Hawaii who was forced to yield authority to the American government upon annexation was A. King Kamehameha I. B. G.P. Judd. C. William Hooper. D. Queen Liliuokalani. E. King Kamehameha III.

D. Queen Liliuokalani

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 A. was strongly opposed by congressional Republicans. B. signified that the era of trusts was ending. C. was used by the federal government against labor unions. D. was strengthened by the courts over the next decade. E. mirrored legislation passed earlier in New Jersey and Delaware.

C. was used by the federal government against labor unions.

The author who called on the United States to increase its naval forces in his book, The Influence of Sea Power upon History, was A. William McKinley. B. Richard Olney. C. James G. Blaine. D. Alfred T. Mahan. E. Leonard Wood.

D. Alfred T. Mahan.

What statement regarding the national Grange movement is FALSE? A. At their peak, Grange supporters controlled the legislatures of most Midwest states. B. It attempted to teach new scientific farming techniques to its members. C. It sought to regulate the power and practices of railroads and warehouses. D. It was greatly strengthened by the end of the economic depression in the late 1870s. E. The political inexperience of many Grange leaders hurt the movement.

D. It was greatly strengthened by the end of the economic depression in the late 1870s.

In 1892, the People's Party called for A. government subsidies of water for agricultural use. B. the federal government to purchase surplus crops. C. a flat income tax for all rural businesses. D. a government network of crop warehouses. E. government subsidies of wheat, corn, and cotton.

D. a government network of crop warehouses.

In the late nineteenth century, as veterans of the Civil War retired, A. the federal government created a pension system for all retired Americans. B. they were paid pensions by individual states, but not the federal government. C. the federal government gave pensions to both Union and Confederate veterans. D. a majority of the black and white male population in the North received federal pensions. E. they were forced to do without military pensions of any kind.

D. a majority of the black and white male population in the North received federal pensions.

In the 1890s, President Grover Cleveland faced the severe economic problem of A. too much money in circulation. B. soaring inflation. C. collapsing world markets for American goods. D. declining gold reserves. E. rampant counterfeiting.

D. declining gold reserves.

In the late nineteenth century, the most striking feature of the American party system was its A. ideological divisions. B. general activism. C. lack of corruption. D. remarkable stability. E. multiple parties.

D. remarkable stability.

As president, Grover Cleveland A. accused his political enemies of supporting "rum, Romanism, and rebellion." B. was reluctant to use the veto authority. C. supported high tariffs. D. was a fiscal conservative. E. enjoyed an uncomfortably close relationship with Tammany Hall.

D. was a fiscal conservative.

The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 A. put in place a series of regulations for railroad companies. B. had little practical effect for decades. C. created a five-person commission to oversee the act. D. both created a five-person commission to oversee the act, and had little practical effect for decades. E. All these answers are correct.

E. All these answers are correct.

Samuel Burchard's "rum, Romanism, and rebellion" speech during the election of 1884 most hurt A. Grover Cleveland. B. Benjamin Harrison. C. Chester A. Arthur. D. Roscoe Conkling. E. James G. Blaine.

E. James G. Blaine.

As a result of the McKinley Tariff of 1890, A. the Democrats managed to win back the Senate. B. William McKinley became a party leader in Congress. C. the Democratic Party decided to support raising the tariff. D. Democrats lost the presidency in 1892. E. Republicans suffered significant political losses that year.

E. Republicans suffered significant political losses that year.

In 1895, the United States and Great Britain were involved in a serious boundary dispute involving British Guiana and A. Colombia. B. Brazil. C. Argentina. D. Paraguay. E. Venezuela.

E. Venezuela.

The high degree of party loyalty in the late nineteenth century is explained primarily by A. the parties' stances on economic issues. B. a voter's occupation. C. the parties' stances on social issues. D. a voter's ethnic background. E. a voter's regional background.

E. a voter's regional background.

In 1900, the Republicans enacted the Currency Act, which A. returned the nation to "bimetallism." B. pegged the currency to public confidence rather than gold or silver. C. recalibrated the official ratio of silver to gold to 12:1. D. created a commission to meet with Great Britain and France to discuss the silver question. E. confirmed the nation's commitment to the gold standard.

E. confirmed the nation's commitment to the gold standard.

Prior to its annexation by the United States in 1898, Hawaii A. did not have a sugar industry. B. was largely governed by a representative assembly. C. had a native population of under ten thousand inhabitants. D. had little contact with the United States. E. had witnessed a revolution staged by American planters.

E. had witnessed a revolution staged by American planters.

The Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 called for the federal government to A. purchase and coin silver. B. expand the nation's currency supply. C. change the ratio of silver to gold to 20:1. D. abandon the gold standard. E. purchase silver but not coin it.

E. purchase silver but not coin it.

The election of 1892 A. saw Populism do well at the local level, but fail to elect anyone to Congress. B. exposed the declining political power of farmers. C. saw the Republicans sweep into dominant power. D. saw few Populist-backed candidates get elected. E. saw the debut of the People's Party.

E. saw the debut of the People's Party.

In the late nineteenth century, the issue of primary interest to the Republican Party was A. restricting immigration. B. reducing taxation. C. a prohibition on alcohol. D. supporting public education. E. supporting high tariffs.

E. supporting high tariffs.

Throughout the late nineteenth century, the federal government A. developed a prominent role in international relations. B. shrank in size of employees and budget expenditures. C. had no meaningful responsibilities. D. funded large public-works projects to alleviate unemployment. E. was relatively inactive.

E. was relatively inactive.

32. To many middle-class Americans, the major labor upheavals of the late nineteenth century A. were evidence that the inequalities of capitalism needed to be addressed. B. drew little interest outside of large urban cities. C. were clear indications of the excessive power of monopolies. D. suggested that a Labor Party, if founded, might eventually capture the presidency. E. were dangerous signs of social instability.

E. were dangerous signs of social instability.