Ch21 Cardiovascular
Which of the following structures can only be seen using a posterior view of the heart?
Coronary sinus
After studying the diagram "The Phases of the Cardiac Cycle," estimate the amount of time between the beginning of one heart beat to the next heart beat for which all heart muscle relaxes.
During ventricular diastole, there is a period of time when both chambers relax for about ½ the complete cardiac cycle.
Which of the following contain oxygenated blood?
Left atrium, pulmonary veins, and aorta
Which vessel(s) brings blood to the heart?
Pulmonary veins
Which of the following correctly identifies the path that blood takes on its way through the heart?
Right atria, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, and pulmonary arteries
Damage to the internodal pathways would NOT affect the function of the __________.
SA node
How are chamber pressure, blood flow, and arterial pressure related to the cardiac phases, systole, and diastole?
Systole: high chamber pressure, blood ejection, high arterial pressure Diastole: low chamber pressure, blood filling chamber, low arterial pressure
Which of the following statements is true of the myocardium?
The cells of the myocardium are linked by specialized junctions called intercalated discs.
Which of the following correctly describes the borders of the heart?
The right ventricle forms the inferior border of the heart.
The most inferior point of the left ventricle can be found at the __________ of the heart.
apex
In the pulmonary circuit, __________.
arteries carry deoxygenated blood
Which of the following is a major component of the conduction system located in the interventricular septum, and extends toward the apex of the heart?
bundle branches
Which layer of the heart is continuous with the parietal pericardium?
epicardium
The sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes __________.
establish cycles of contraction and relaxation for the myocardium
In comparison, the right atrium and ventricle __________.
generate less pressure for contraction than the left atrium and ventricle
In anatomical position the
heart lies slightly to the left of midline.
The endocardium __________.
is continuous with the inner lining of the aorta
Oxygenated blood returns to the heart from the lungs and enters the __________.
left atrium
When blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart, it enters the __________.
left atrium
A damaged mitral valve would affect the flow of blood into the __________.
left ventricle
The coronary sulcus
marks the border between the atria and ventricles.
The two basic components of the cardiac conducting system that cause autorhythmicity is a network of __________, which initiate and pace contractions and the __________, which distribute the electrical impulses to cardiac muscle fibers.
nodal cells; conducting fibers
A blockage in the pulmonary trunk would first affect which heart chamber with a buildup of blood?
right ventricle
Looking at this figure of the heart, it is evident that
the left ventricle has the thickest myocardium of all of the chambers.
Which of the heart's chambers is responsible for sending blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen?
the right ventricle
If a disease were to cause the corrosion of the fibrous skeleton of the heart, which of the following would NOT be affected?
the sizes of the veins in the systemic circuit BUT this would be affected:the positioning of blood vessels supplying blood to the heart muscle, the forces experienced by the aorta as it received blood from the heart the coordination of contractions between the atria and the ventricles
What is the purpose of the chordae tendineae?
to keep the atrioventricular valves shut during ventricular contraction
The valve found between the right atria and right ventricle is the
tricuspid.
structure that allows the atria to complete its contraction prior to initiation of the ventricular contraction
#3
In what way does cardiac muscle differ from skeletal muscle?
Cardiac muscle relies heavily on aerobic respiration, whereas skeletal muscle can function for a time in anaerobic conditions.