CH.30 and 31

Economic development in Latin America was limited because A) the market for manufactured goods was too small. B) most goods were manufactured on self-sufficient haciendas. C) state control discouraged foreign investment. D) there were insufficient natural resources in Latin America. E) there wasn't enough cheap labor in Latin America.

A

The Northwest Rebellion in Canada in 1885 was sparked by A) the loss of land and trading rights by métis and natives because of western expansion. B) tensions between British and French settlers on the frontier. C) conflicts between settlers and the railroad over land rights. D) tensions between British and French residents and newcomers from eastern Europe. E) a border dispute between Canadian and U.S. settlers on the western plains.

A

The Russian intelligentsia promoted terrorism as a strategy for political reform because A) their attempts at more peaceful reform were crushed by the tsarist authorities. B) Tsar Alexander II refused to consider any reform measures. C) many were anarchists who believed that individual freedom could not be realized until all government was abolished. D) they were affiliated with Zionists, who advocated the use of terrorism when necessary. E) All these answers are correct.

A

The Tokugawa shogunate was overthrown because A) the Japanese were outraged by the unequal treaty forced on them by Commodore Perry. B) the samurai were in debt to the merchant class. C) the emperor had failed in his obligations to protect the Japanese people. D) the daimyo led a tax revolt. E) Japanese merchants wanted more access to western goods and technology.

A

The success of the Meiji restoration depended on destroying the power of A) the daimyo and samurai classes. B) the emperor and his court. C) the Japanese military. D) independent merchants. E) All these answers are correct.

A

Which of the Young Turk proposals caused the most dissension in the empire? A) Turkish as the official language of the empire B) equality before the law C) free public education D) freedom of religion E) universal suffrage

A

Which of the following provinces was NOT part of the Dominion of Canada by 1900? A) Alberta B) British Columbia C) Nova Scotia D) Ontario E) Quebec

A

After Reconstruction, former slaves in the southern states of the U.S. A) elected biracial governments for the first time in U.S. history. B) remained free, but lost many of their civil rights. C) became independent farmers and landowners. D) gained control of their own schools and local institutions. E) All these answers are correct.

B

At the end of the nineteenth century, the Ottoman empire, Russian empire, Qing dynasty, and Tokugawa Japan were "societies at crossroads" because they A) were all dealing with the challenges of rapid industrialization. B) discovered through wars and confrontations that they were militarily much weaker than the western powers. C) were all forced to grant equal rights and political freedom to their people. D) were all competing for the same colonies and resources. E) All these answers are correct.

B

The British insisted on their right to trade opium with China because A) they were unaware of the social and health risks of opium addiction. B) it was the only trade good that they could sell in China at a profit. C) they planned to weaken the Chinese people with opium and then take over the Chinese economy. D) they argued that opium was only a fraction of the volume of trade delivered to China. E) the Chinese government had welcomed the opium trade in earlier times.

B

The Russian empire was defeated in the Crimean War because A) the Ottoman army was superior in arms and training. B) Britain and France joined forces to prevent Russian expansion into the Ottoman empire. C) Russian troops mutinied and demanded a new constitution. D) the people of the Balkan peninsula resisted Russian advances. E) the Russian troops were inadequately trained.

B

The Taiping rebellion was defeated when A) the dowager empress imprisoned the emperor and ended the Hundred Days reforms. B) Nanjing was defeated by a combined force of imperial and European soldiers. C) the dowager empress died, leaving a two-year-old child as emperor. D) the British seized the Grand Canal and cut off north-south trade in the empire. E) All these answers are correct.

B

The purpose of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 was to A) provide useful industrial skills to native Americans. B) break up tribal reservations into small family farms. C) undermine native religions and inculcate Christian values. D) regulate relations between natives and settlers on the plains. E) allow for autonomous self-government on the reservations.

B

Which of the following is NOT a territory acquired as a result of the Mexican-American War? A) Arizona B) California C) Nevada D) Oregon E) Utah

B

In China, a "sphere of influence" was a A) city designated for trade between Chinese and European merchants. B) Christian mission where Chinese converts could live free of state persecution. C) district in which a foreign power had exclusive trade, transportation, and mineral rights. D) tributary state beyond the borders of the empire that paid taxes to the Qing dynasty in exchange for protection. E) state-sponsored academy based on European science.

C

New inventions toward the turn of the century included all of the following EXCEPT A) electric lights. B) the electric motor. C) radio. D) the phonograph. E) the telephone.

C

The "capitulations" were humiliating concessions to the west that A) allowed western powers to establish spheres of influence within Ottoman territory. B) forbade the manufacture of cotton cloth and obliged Ottomans to buy textiles from Britain. C) held European citizens exempt from Ottoman laws and taxes. D) restricted the exchange of technology and prevented the emergence of domestic industry in the Ottoman empire. E) permitted unrestricted traffic in and out of the Black Sea.

C

The Emancipation Proclamation A) freed all slaves in the western hemisphere. B) freed all slaves who took up arms against the southern states. C) had little immediate effect on the status of slaves. D) freed all slaves in the western territories. E) promised to free all slaves at the end of the Civil War.

C

The most significant achievement of Sultan Mahmud II was the A) creation of a system of primary education. B) legal emancipation of women. C) creation of a modern army. D) creation of a legislative assembly. E) reconquest of Egypt.

C

The term "manifest destiny" was used to describe the A) inevitability of American independence from Britain. B) superiority of the U.S. Constitution. C) inevitability of American dominion over all of North America. D) superiority of the northern states to the southern states during the Civil War. E) All these answers are correct.

C

Tanzimat legal reforms included all of the following rights EXCEPT A) equality before the law for all subjects. B) public trials in civil courts. C) the right to privacy. D) women's right to sue for divorce. E) None of these is correct, because all were among the Tanzimat legal reforms.

D

Which of the following is NOT a territory acquired as a result of the Mexican-American War? A) Arizona B) California C) Nevada D) Oregon E) Utah

D

Which of the following was NOT a provision of the Meiji constitution? A) Japan became a constitutional monarchy. B) The right to vote was based on property qualifications. C) The emperor could disregard the recommendations of the Diet. D) The lower classes were represented in the lower chamber of the Diet. E) Individual rights were affirmed but made secondary to the needs of the state.

D

Which of the following was NOT part of Witte's policy of industrialization? A) construction of the trans-Siberian railroad B) banking reform to encourage domestic savings and investment C) protective tariffs to support emerging Russian industries D) nationalization of key industries such as coal and steel E) promotion of foreign investment in Russian industry

D

The Mexican revolution was fundamentally a conflict between A) supporters of the Catholic church and anti-cleric revolutionaries. B) liberal and socialist programs for social reform. C) supporters of Emiliano Zapata and supporters of Pancho Villa. D) Mexican business interests and foreign investors. E) conservative landowners and landless peasants.

E

The National Policy for economic development of Canada included A) tariffs to protect Canadian industry. B) recruitment of immigrants. C) construction of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. D) attracting foreign investment without losing control of the national economy. E) All these answers are correct.

E

The Ottoman military had declined by the nineteenth century because A) the Janissary corps was more interested in palace intrigues than in military training. B) the Janissaries resisted all efforts to modernize the army. C) many provincial rulers had private mercenary armies. D) Ottoman forces carried outmoded equipment. E) All these answers are correct.

E

The United States gained western territory by all of the following means EXCEPT A) treaty with Britain. B) purchase from France. C) treaty with Spain. D) war and purchase from Mexico. E) purchase from indigenous people.

E

The emancipation of Russian serfs in 1861 A) was achieved at the tsar's insistence. B) was intended to avert a revolution. C) brought freedom but few political rights for the peasants. D) did not significantly increase agricultural production. E) All these answers are correct.

E

Which of the following was NOT a provision of the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842? A) Britain gained control of the island of Hong Kong. B) British merchants gained the right to conduct the opium trade unimpeded. C) Chinese ports were open to foreign trade and residence. D) Christian missionaries were permitted to come into China. E) Japan gained control of the island of Taiwan.

E

British Canada gained a large French population as a result of A) France's loss of its Canadian colonies in the Seven Years' War. B) the flight to Canada of French Protestants in the eighteenth century. C) French citizens fleeing the Napoleonic wars. D) French fur traders being driven out of the United States. E) All these answers are correct.

A

By 1900, Latin American women had achieved A) expanded educational opportunities. B) the right to vote in national elections. C) the right to divorce. D) property rights within marriage. E) None of these answers is correct.

A

By 1913, all of the following provinces gained either independence or autonomy from Ottoman control EXCEPT A) Anatolia. B) Egypt. C) Greece. D) Serbia. E) None of these is correct, because all gained either independence or autonomy.

A

The capital for the early industrialization of Meiji Japan came primarily from A) the export of textile products. B) land taxes. C) commercial taxes. D) private investors. E) foreign investors.

B

In Latin America, the road to a stable state was hindered by A) an elite conspiracy against the lower classes. B) the ignorance and apathy of the lower classes. C) sharp divisions among the creole classes. D) the caudillos' reign of terror. E) All these answers are correct.

C

All of the following contributed to American economic development in the nineteenth century EXCEPT A) foreign investment. B) cheap labor provided by immigration. C) the transcontinental railroad. D) lack of competition from Europe. E) abundant natural resources, including coal and iron.

D

At Wounded Knee in 1890, A) Colonel George Armstrong Custer was defeated by an army of Lakota Sioux. B) thousands of eastern Cherokee were crowded onto a desolate reservation in Oklahoma. C) Sioux warriors, emboldened by the Ghost Dance movement, attacked and massacred a community of white settlers. D) the U.S. cavalry massacred a settlement of 200 Sioux men, women, and children. E) Blackfeet warriors tried unsuccessfully to escape across the border into Canada.

D

During the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz, Mexico achieved all of the following EXCEPT A) the construction of rail and telegraph lines. B) continuing industrial expansion. C) paved streets and electric lights in Mexico City. D) the production of mineral resources. E) significant foreign investment in the Mexican economy.

D

The gaucho in Argentina is similar to what widely romanticized figure in American history? A) fur trader B) solitary prospector C) homesteader D) cattle rustler E) western cowboy

E

Which of the following could be considered a contributing cause of the Russian revolution of 1905? A) the lack of a representative legislative body B) the defeat of Russia in the Russo-Japanese War C) the Bloody Sunday massacre D) the government's failure to address the inequities of land ownership E) All these answers are correct.

E