Ch.5 continued

What is the bottom of a poly nucleotide?

3 prime end, hydroxyl functional group

If a strand of DNA has a nitrogen base sequence 5' - ATTTGC-3', what will be the sequence of the matching strand?

3'-TAAACG-5'

What is the top of the poly nucleotide?

5 prime end, phosphate

If a DNA double helix is a 100 nucleotide pairs long and contains 25 adenine bases, how many guanine bases does it contain?

75

Which molecule is a nucleotide?

ATP

What are the purines?

Adenine, Guanine

What is the end of the amino chain?

C-terminus, the carboxyl end

What are the pyrimidines?

Cystosine, Thymine, Uracil

How does DNA store hereditary information?

Information is stored in the sequence of nitrogenous bases along the DNA polymer.

What is the beginning of the amino chain?

N-terminus, the amino end

RNA nucleotides contain more what than DNA nucleotides?

Oxygen, Ribose, the sugar used in RNA, has one more oxygen then deoxyribose, the sugar used in DNA

Which structure is not a component of a nucleotide?

Sulfhydyl oxygen group

What is true about DNA structure?

The nucleic acid strands in a DNA molecule are oriented antiparallel to each other.

Cholesterol is a type of steroid and is?

a component of animal cell membranes, precursor from which other steroids are synthesized

Phosphodiester bonds

bond connecting nucleotides in DNA and RNA composed of alternating sugar-phosphate groups

Function of enzymatic proteins?

catalysts, selective acceleration of chemical reactions

Tertiary structure

determined by interactions among various side chains (R groups_

The two strands of DNA double helix are held together by ___ the form between pairs of nitrogenous bases.

hydrogen bonds

Are cholesterol molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

hydrophobic because it has lots of carbons and hydrogens.

Function of transport proteins?

movement, for example motor proteins are responsible for the undulations of cilia and flagella.

What is combined in the Nucleoside?

nitrogenous base+sugar

What are amino acids linked by?

peptide bonds between amino group and carboxyl acid with loss or removal of a water molecule.

A nucleotide is composed of an ____

phosphate group, a nitrogen-containing base, and a five-carbon sugar.

Function of defensive proteins?

protection against disease

Quaternary structure

results when a protein consists of multiple polypeptide chains

Function of storage proteins?

support, for example collagen and elastin providing a fibrous framework in animal connective tissue.

Secondary structure

twisting and turning of polypeptide backbone; consists of coils and folds in polypeptide chain

Primary structure

unique sequence of amino acids