Ch8 AbPsych Eating and Sleep-Wake Disorders
Research reported in your text conducted by Grilo, Masheb, & Wilson (2006) found that patients with binge-eating disorder who responded rapidly to cognitive-behavioral therapy (by the fourth week) tended to a. have good responses to therapy both in the short long term. b. have good short-term responses but show higher rates of long-term relapse. c. have a difficult time in the short-term but show good long-term responses. d. relapse almost immediately after treatment was discontinued.
A
Sam sleeps for 8 or more hours every night but never feels rested. He can't understand why he is always tired despite the fact that he reports no difficulties with the quality or quantity of his sleep. Of the following, Sam's most likely diagnosis is ____________. a. hypersomnolence disorder b. sleep apnea c. narcolepsy d. non-specific parasomnia
A
Sleep disorders are appropriately diagnosed based on the a. quality and quantity of sleep as well as daytime sequelae (how the individual feels when awake). b. quality and quantity of sleep only. c. quantity of sleep plus the amount of sleep time the individual believes is appropriate. d. subjective judgment of the clinician.
A
Sleep research suggests that a. REM sleep is related to depression. b. sleep abnormalities follow clinical depression. c. sleep problems don't predict who is at risk for later mood disorders. d. sleep deprivation has permanent antidepressant effects on some people.
A
Sleepwalking is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT a. acting out a dream. b. occurrence during NREM stages of sleep. c. no memory of the sleepwalking event. d. occurrence primarily in children.
A
Studies have found that adolescent girls of which race/ethnicity had less body dissatisfaction, fewer weight concerns, and a more positive body image when compared to Caucasian adolescent girls? a. African Americans b. Hispanics c. Native Americans d. Asians
A
Susan, a woman of relatively normal weight, sometimes eats huge quantities of junk food with no ability to stop herself. She follows this with long periods of complete fasting. Based on this information, Susan a. might be diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. b. should be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. c. will not be diagnosed with any disorder because she is of normal weight. d. cannot be diagnosed with bulimia nervosa because she is not purging.
A
The different types of sleep apnea are a. obstructive, central, and sleep-related hypoventilation. b. obstructive, chronic, and sleep-related hypoventilation. c. central, chronic, and mixed. d. hypersomnolent, chronic, and parasomnic
A
The families of anorexia nervosa patients are typically characterized by all of the following EXCEPT a. open communication. b. high achievement. c. perfectionism. d. concern with external appearances.
A
The intent of taxing the purchase of unhealthy foods would be to a. make unhealthy foods less attractive to consumers. b. punish the poor. c. raise general government revenue. d. Increase profits for food manufacturers.
A
The most comprehensive evaluation of sleep is performed by a(n) ______________ evaluation. a. polysomnographic b. actigraphic c. electromyographic d. electroencephalographic
A
The most serious medical consequence of bulimia nervosa is potential ______. a. electrolyte imbalance b. salivary gland damage c. starvation d. tooth erosion
A
Weight reduction efforts by girls tend to result in ______________. a. overall weight loss b. overall weight gain c. no change in weight d. stunted growth
A
When individuals with anorexia nervosa are evaluated over long periods of time, it has been found that the percentage of individuals who die as a result of their disorder is ______. a. 20% b. 5% c. 2% d. 40%
A
When women are asked to identify the most attractive female body weight, they typically identify a weight that is a. lower than the weight identified by men. b. the same as the weight identified by men. c. higher than the weight identified by men. d. 20% lower than their own body weight.
A
Which of the following diagnoses would require the noticeable loss of weight? a. Anorexia nervosa b. Bulimia nervosa c. Binge-eating disorder d. Body dysmorphic disorder
A
Which of the following statements is TRUE with regard to drug treatments for patients with anorexia nervosa? a. Medications have not generally been found to be effective for the treatment of anorexia nervosa. b. Antidepressants have some effectiveness in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. c. Anti-anxiety medications have some effectiveness in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. d. Anti-psychotic mediations have been found to be effective for the treatment of anorexia nervosa.
A
Which of the following statements is TRUE with regard to the treatment of binge-eating disorder? a. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and self-help appear to be effective. b. Cognitive-behavioral therapy appears to be effective but self-help does not. c. Neither cognitive-behavioral nor self-help appears to be effective. d. Antidepressant medication is the only proven treatment.
A
Which of the teenage girls described below is at greatest risk for developing an eating disorder? a. Alice is currently on a diet; her friends also diet aggressively. b. Sue is of average to slightly above average weight but wants to lose a few pounds. c. Megan's friends are concerned about the weight she has lost since she began working out with the swim team. d. Jean has always been fairly thin despite the fact that she eats quite normally.
A
. Which of the following statements is TRUE? a. Anorexia nervosa typically occurs at a much earlier age than bulimia nervosa. b. Once bulimia nervosa develops, it tends to be chronic if untreated. c. Bulimic individuals eventually shift to symptoms of other eating disorders. d. Bulimia nervosa is more resistant to treatment than anorexia nervosa.
B
39. Dietary restraint studies suggest that people who are starved a. stop caring about food. b. may become preoccupied with food and eating. c. lose interest in food over time. d. gradually adjust to starvation diets.
B
56. The most important and immediate goal in the treatment of a patient with anorexia nervosa is ________________. a. family acceptance of the problem b. weight gain c. balanced diet d. resolution of family issues
B
83. Individuals suffering from primary insomnia a. do not sleep at all. b. have difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep. c. wake up during their sleep cycle with severe nightmares. d. frequently sleepwalk.
B
Bariatric surgery is a. effective at any weight. b. more successful than dieting for the treatment of the very obese. c. less successful than diet for the very obese. d. always successful.
B
Between 1960 and 1995, most Western countries experienced a dramatic a. decrease in the incidence of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. b. increase in the incidence of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. c. increase in the incidence of anorexia nervosa but a decrease in the incidence of bulimia nervosa. d. increase in the incidence of bulimia nervosa and no change in the rate of anorexia nervosa.
B
Cataplexy as experienced by patients with narcolepsy can be characterized by a. sudden, minor loss of muscle tone. b. physical collapse. c. slight muscle weakness. d. any of these
B
Genetic influences on eating disorders most likely involve a. a specific gene for each actual eating disorder. b. inherited personality traits that may make development of an eating disorder more likely. c. multiple genes interacting in ways not yet determined that directly produce eating disordered behavior. d. recessive genes.
B
In studies of Internet-based eating disorder prevention programs (Winzelberg et al., 2000) such as the "student bodies program," a. the participants showed no beneficial effects. b. participants reported improvement in body image and decreased drive for thinness. c. not a single participant has developed symptoms of an eating disorder. d. the drop-out rate has been extremely high.
B
Individuals who experience loss of control of their eating and consume great quantities of food but do not engage in any attempts to compensate for their binge would be diagnosed with a. bulimia nervosa. b. binge-eating disorder. c. obsessive-compulsive disorder. d. anorexia nervosa.
B
Individuals who feel tired and cranky all day despite falling asleep at a normal hour and awakening at their usual time are most likely suffering from a(n) _____________. a. parasomnia b. dyssomnia c. type of REM sleep deprivation d. anxiety problem
B
Obesity is the major factor in ____________. a. Type 1 diabetes b. Type 2 diabetes c. anorexia nervosa d. bulimia nervosa
B
Of the following, the correct pairing is _______________. a. dyssomnia - sleepwalking b. dyssomnia - inability to fall asleep c. parasomnia - waking up after 3 or 4 hours of sleep and then being unable to fall back to sleep d. parasomnia - lack of REM sleep
B
One biological factor that has been related to individuals who experience insomnia is ______. a. genetics b. higher body temperature c. low body weight d. percentage of body fat
B
One major problem with the use of medication in the treatment of bulimia nervosa is that a. well-controlled studies have not found medication more effective than a placebo. b. the beneficial effects of the medication may be short-term. c. side effects make most patients discontinue the medication. d. patients refuse to take their medication.
B
Outcome research regarding the long-term success of treatment for eating disorders indicates that a. anorexia nervosa patients tend to have a better prognosis than bulimia nervosa patients. b. bulimia nervosa patients tend to have a better prognosis than anorexia nervosa patients. c. both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa patients almost always make a full and long-term recovery after treatment. d. neither anorexia nervosa nor bulimia nervosa patients tend to make long-term recoveries, with most patients going through repeated bouts of these disorders throughout their lives.
B
Rose sleeps about 8 hours each night. She awakens feeling fine and well rested, but she tends to fall asleep about 2 or 3 times during the day. We can conclude that a. Rose should be diagnosed with primary insomnia. b. Rose would be diagnosed with hypersomnolence disorder if her symptoms cause disruptions or distress in her life. c. Rose should be diagnosed with a parasomnia d. a medical condition is a more appropriate diagnosis than a sleep disorder.
B
Seriously obese adolescents are most likely to lose weight with a. the use of medications. b. the use of behavioral treatments. c. the combination of medications and behavioral treatments. d. the use of surgery.
B
Sleep studies suggest that around 28% of Americans a. get more than 6 hours of sleep a night. b. report feeling excessively sleepy during the day. c. have insomnia. d. need less than 5 hours of sleep a night.
B
Studies of foreign-born students who are attending Western universities show that a. anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa do not occur in students who were raised in countries where these disorders do not exist. b. anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are observed in some students who were raised in countries where these disorders do not exist. c. anorexia nervosa, but not bulimia nervosa, has been observed in some students who were raised in countries where these disorders do not exist. d. bulimia nervosa, but not anorexia nervosa, has been observed in some students who were raised in countries where these disorders do not exist.
B
Studies suggest that young males would often prefer to be ____________ than they are. a. thinner b. heavier c. taller d. shorter
B
Surgical treatments are likely to be the a. first line of treatment for the very obese. b. last line of treatment for the very obese. c. treatment of choice for anyone who wants to lose weight. d. most rare of weight loss treatments.
B
The increase in the incidence of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa has been referred to as a "collision between our culture and our physiology." The most accurate interpretation of this statement is that a. people have become too dependent on media determinations of beauty. b. media standards of beauty are increasingly unattainable for the average woman. c. dieting has become a fad that has been taken to an extreme. d. society has no business telling us how to define beauty.
B
The median age of onset for all eating disorders is ____________ years of age. a. 13 to 19 b. 18 to 21 c. 20 to 26 d. 10 to 14
B
The proposal that we should discuss taxing high calorie, fat, or sugar foods to control obesity has a. been adopted nationwide. b. been viewed as a means of deterring unhealthy eating and raising money to combat obesity. c. been rejected outright as having no possibility of decreasing obesity. d. thought to benefit the poor more than the well-to-do.
B
When men are asked to identify the ideal male body, they typically select a body weight that is about a. equal to their own. b. 28 pounds more muscular than their own. c. equal to the average male of their age. d. 15 pounds lighter than their own
B
With regard to drug treatments for bulimia nervosa patients, which of the following statements is TRUE? a. Medications have not been found to be effective for the treatment of bulimia nervosa. b. Antidepressants have some effectiveness in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. c. Benzodiazipine medications have some effectiveness in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. d. Anti-psychotic medications have been found to be effective for the treatment of bulimia nervosa.
B
23. The males most likely to develop an eating disorder such as bulimia nervosa are those who are _________. a. overweight b. depressed c. homosexual d. only children
C
97. An individual who wakes up feeling that there are other people in the room but is unable to move or say anything may be experiencing a. cataplexy associated with sleep apnea. b. hypnagogic hallucinations associated with hypersomnia. c. sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations associated with narcolepsy. d. sleep paralysis and hypnogogic hallucinations associated with hypersomnia.
C
After engaging in an extended session of binge eating, Thomas goes to the bathroom and makes himself vomit. He thinks that he has removed all of the food he consumed from his stomach, but in fact he will only have removed around _____ percent of the calories he consumed. a. one-third b. one-quarter c. one-half d. two-thirds
C
An early stage of Phoebe's cognitive-behavioral treatment for bulimia nervosa will likely involve a. antidepressant medication. b. family therapy. c. small, frequent meals. d. in-patient treatment.
C
Approximately ___ of anorexia nervosa deaths are due to suicide. a. 5-10% b. 10-15% c. 20-30% d. 40-45%
C
Binge-eating disorder is characterized by _____________. a. laxative use b. purging c. a lack of compensatory behaviors d. emaciation
C
Jody sometimes eats more than just about any other girl that you know. You wonder if her eating sometimes could be considered bingeing. In order to determine this, you would have to know a. the caloric intake of the foods. b. whether she is eating junk foods. c. whether eating gets to be out of her control. d. the situations under which she eats a great deal.
C
Many clinicians suggest that the most difficult part of treatment for anorexia nervosa, and the part of treatment where many anorexic individuals are not successful, is a. initial weight gain. b. admitting that there is a problem and agreeing to begin treatment. c. changing their attitudes regarding body shape and addressing interpersonal disruptions in their lives. d. when they become bulimic.
C
Martin sits up every night screaming. He does not remember these terrors nor is he easily awakened or comforted. What should Martin's mother do? a. Wake Martin up during the attack. b. Make sure that Martin is very tired before going to bed. c. Use scheduled awakenings to briefly awaken Martin before an attack occurs. d. All of these have been demonstrated to reduce the frequency and duration of sleep terrors
C
Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by a. complete cessation of respiratory activity for brief periods. b. interruption of air flow and brief cessation of respiratory activity. c. interruption of air flow without cessation of respiratory activity. d. central nervous system disorders and trauma.
C
Of the following, the group in which we would expect to see the highest incidence of anorexia nervosa is a. male homosexuals. b. female body builders. c. ballet dancers. d. female track stars.
C
People with bulimia nervosa often present with additional psychological disorders, particularly ________ and ________. a. body dysmorphic disorder; substance disorders b. mood disorders; sexual disorders c. anxiety disorders; mood disorders d. obsessive compulsive disorder; sexual disorders
C
Programs that have the best chance of success for preventing eating disorders a. should be administered to all girls under 15 years of age to prevent the disorder from developing. b. should be administered to girls under 15 yrs, of age who are concerned about being overweight. c. should be administered to all girls 15 years of age or older to prevent the disorder from developing. d. should be administered to girls 15 years of age or older who are concerned about being overweight.
C
Recent research (Eddy, et al., 2002) suggests that the restricting and bingeing/purging subtypes of anorexia nervosa a. are really different disorders. b. have completely different causes. c. show few differences in severity of symptoms. d. are useless distinctions of the same disorder.
C
Samantha started to worry about sleep right after dinner. Even the sight of her bed makes her very anxious. The fact that Samantha's insomnia continues long after the stress of exams is over points to the role of ___________in the maintenance of sleep disorders. a. biology b. other medical conditions c. learning d. unknown factors
C
The best evidence that binge-eating disorder (BED) may not just be a special case of bulimia nervosa is that a. more males than females suffer from BED. b. no genetic component has been identified for BED. c. there is a greater likelihood of remission and a better response to treatment for BED. d. the average age of onset is much younger for BED than it is for bulimia nervosa or anorexia nervosa.
C
The chief motivating factor in both anorexia nervosa nervosa and bulimia nervosa is a. a desire to purge. b. an overwhelming drive to eat. c. an overwhelming urge to be thin. d. a desire to starve oneself.
C
The death rate (including suicide) due to anorexia nervosa is a. higher than for any other psychological disorder except depression. b. lower than that of most psychological disorders. c. higher than that any psychological disorder reviewed in your text. d. the highest of all of the psychological disorders.
C
The most common reason that anorexic individuals generally do not seek treatment on their own is that they a. are ashamed of their disorder. b. fear that they will be hospitalized. c. do not truly believe that they are too thin. d. have little desire for food.
C
The most successful weight loss programs are a. commercial self-help plans that limit carbohydrates or calories. b. self-directed diet plans based on diet books. c. professionally directed behavior modification programs. d. hypnosis-based plans.
C
The percentage of the general population that reports some symptoms of insomnia during any given year is approximately __________. a. 10% b. 20% c. 33% d. 50%
C
The reason that antidepressant medications are sometimes used to treat narcolepsy is that a. narcolepsy is often caused by depression. b. the anti-anxiety properties of these medications reduce narcolepsy. c. these medications suppress REM sleep that can trigger cataplexy. d. antidepressants are found to reduce hypnagogic hallucinations.
C
Two factors that help regulate our natural sleep/wake cycles are a. melanin and auditory stimulation. b. melatonin and auditory stimulation. c. melatonin and light. d. light and blood sugar levels.
C
When attempting to "reset the biological clock" of an individual with a circadian rhythm sleep disorder, it is generally easier and more effective to a. make the patient's bedtime earlier. b. leave the patient's bedtime alone and change the duration of sleep. c. make the patient's bedtime later. d. keep the person awake for several days in a row.
C
Which of the following conditions is thought to be a potential explanation for UFO experiences? a. Sleep paralysis b. Cataplexy c. Hypnagogic hallucinations d. Sleep apnea
C
Which of the following might help to explain the vast differences in the incidence of eating disorders among men and women? a. The influence of behavioral genetics b. The fact that boys are encouraged to play sports and girls to be active in social functions c. The fact that puberty brings boys' bodies closer to the societal ideal and girls' bodies further from the societal ideal d. The differences in the way boys and girls tend to gain weight from overeating
C
Which of the following statements is TRUE? a. Eating disorders are a way of expressing depression. b. Eating disorders have a high comorbidity with stress disorders. c. Depression may be a reaction to bulimia nervosa. d. 20-40% of all people with bulimia nervosa meet the criteria for a mood disorder during the course of their eating disorder.
C
With regard to the biological influences of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, the most accurate statement is a. anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are culturally determined and not biologically influenced. b. the biological influences of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have not been studied. c. although the studies are still limited, there appears to be some biological influence in the development of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. d. although the studies are limited, there does appear to be a large biological influence for anorexia nervosa and a very small biological influence for bulimia nervosa.
C
A common medical complication found in both bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa is ____________. a. brittle hair b. downy hair on limbs c. electrolyte imbalance d. cessation of menstrual cycle
D
All of the following are examples of causes of circadian rhythm sleep disorder EXCEPT ____________ a. jet lag b. shift work c. delayed sleep phase d. sleep rebound
D
As of 2008, the percentage of the adult population of the United States with a body mass index in the obese range was about __________. a. 12% b. 17% c. 26% d. 34%
D
Benzodiazepine medication is not recommended as a long-term solution for the treatment of insomnia because of a. the addictive properties of these medications. b. rebound insomnia that occurs after the medication is discontinued. c. excessive sleepiness that may persist during the day. d. all of these
D
Fred has been having a great deal of trouble initiating and maintaining sleep. He guesses that he is sleeping for an average of about 3 hours each night and complains that he feels terrible during the day. In addition, Fred has always experienced some anxiety but has recently felt a tremendous increase in his overall anxiety level. The existence of both a sleep disorder and anxiety a. makes the diagnosis of primary insomnia incorrect. b. increases our confidence that primary insomnia is the correct diagnosis. c. indicates that the insomnia is a result of the anxiety rather than a cause of the anxiety. d. is extremely common since sleep problems can be both a cause and a result of anxiety.
D
In which of the following situations is Bill, who has narcolepsy, most likely to experience cataplexy? a. Immediately upon waking up after a long, restful sleep b. At any random moment c. Under hypnosis d. While jumping up and cheering for his favorite team
D
Individuals with a sleep efficiency of 90% a. spend more of their "bed time" awake than asleep. b. have a diagnosable sleep disorder. c. need to increase the number of hours in bed. d. spend 10% of their "bed time" awake.
D
Jill has been in treatment for anorexia nervosa for the past two months. Over this time, she has gained weight to the point where her weight is in the average range for a woman of her height. The fact that she gained weight fairly quickly in treatment means a. her prognosis for a full recovery is very good. b. she is probably in need of little if any more treatment. c. she has completed the most difficult part of her treatment. d. little in terms of how likely she is to be successful in the long term.
D
Lack of adequate sleep has a negative effect on ____________. a. health b. productivity c. clarity of thought d. all of these choices
D
Matilda has had anorexia nervosa for several years. She started losing weight because her family said she needed to lose a few pounds. A crucial part of treatment for Matilda is family therapy that focuses on the issues regarding a. attitudes toward body shape and image distortions. b. negative communications in the family regarding food and eating. c. dysfunctional communication in the family regarding food and eating. d. all of these
D
Mothers of girls with anorexia nervosa tend to be _______. a. perfectionistic b. dieting themselves c. less satisfied with their families d. all of the above
D
One intriguing result from the studies comparing cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT) for bulimia nervosa is the finding that a. IPT is more effective in the short term but CBT is more effective when we look at how well patients are doing one year following treatment. b. IPT and CBT appear to be indistinguishable in terms of their effectiveness in the short and long term, despite their very different approaches. c. IPT is always more effective than CBT. d. CBT is more effective in the short term, but IPT patients "catch up" and will do as well as CBT patients one year after treatment.
D
One method of preventing obesity that has been suggested is a. instituting a "Twinkie tax" on all food with a high sugar content. b. reducing the cost of health foods. c. taking soda and junk food vending machines out of schools. d. all of these
D
Studies of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral treatment for bulimia nervosa have demonstrated a. significant short-term gains in reduction of purging, but little change in binge-eating behavior. b. significant short-term gains in reduction of binge eating but no long-term gains. c. a few short-term gains in reduction of binge eating and purging but no long-term gains. d. significant short- and long-term gains in reduction of binge eating and purging.
D
Susan, who described her experience with anorexia nervosa on the "Abnormal Psychology Live" CD for Chapter 8, said that as soon as she eats, she a. becomes anxious. b. feels disgusting. c. becomes depressed. d. gains weight.
D
The most significant feature of bulimia nervosa is ____________. a. purging b. overeating c. overeating followed by an urge to vomit d. binge eating followed by compensatory behavior
D
The strongest contributions to etiology of eating disorders seem to be _________. a. genetic b. psychological c. somatogenic d. sociocultural
D
Which of the following genetic factors does NOT contribute to obesity? a. Number of fat cells b. Likelihood of fat storage c. Activity levels d. Fat cell shape
D
Which of the following is NOT true about the relationships between the media and attitudes about body shape? a. Prime-time situation comedies often feature women dieting or complaining about their weight. b. Most magazine models are thinner than average women. c. Men on TV are more likely to be overweight than women. d. The media has no impact on body image.
D
Which of the following statements is TRUE about individuals with an eating disorder? a. They have a diminished sense of personal control. b. They may manifest as strikingly low self-esteem. c. They display more perfectionistic attitudes. d. All of these statements tend not be accurate
D
Which of the following young women appears to be at the highest risk for developing an eating disorder? a. Linda, whose mom and dad recently divorced b. Carla, whose family members always seem to be fighting with each other c. Sandy, whose family emphasizes achievement, support, and communication d. Bonnie, whose family is perfectionistic, successful, and eager to maintain harmony
D
While a patient sleeps, a polysomnographic evaluation collects data on all of the following characteristics EXCEPT _________. a. respiration b. muscle movements c. brain waves d. metabolic rate
D
While suddenly and unexpectedly falling asleep during normal waking hours, Sarah experiences vivid hallucinations of being in a horrible car crash. The experience is so realistic that she actually feels physical sensations as if the hallucination were real. Sarah's most likely diagnosis is _______. a. sleep apnea b. hypersomnia c. schizophrenia d. narcolepsy
D
With regard to treatment for eating disorders, Prozac is considered to be an effective treatment in the long term for a. anorexia nervosa but not bulimia nervosa. b. bulimia nervosa but not anorexia nervosa. c. both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa . d. neither anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.
D
With respect to eating disorders, drug treatments a. have not been found to be effective in the treating of anorexia nervosa. b. had no benefit in preventing relapse in patients with anorexia nervosa. c. do not have long-lasting effects on bulimia nervosa. d. all of these
D
A comparison of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT) for the treatment of bulimia nervosa indicates that one year after treatment, a. CBT was superior to IPT. b. IPT was superior to CBT. c. CBT and IPT had equivalent rates of helping clients improve. d. Neither therapy was successful at helping clients improve.
A
A severe difficulty in regulating sleep that is induced by jet lag or by working rotating shifts is an example of ___________. a. circadian rhythm sleep disorder b. sleep apnea c. hypersomnolence disorder d. narcolepsy
A
Abnormal events such as nightmares, sleep terrors, and sleepwalking that occur during sleep or during the twilight time between sleep and waking are classified as _________. a. parasomnias b. dyssomnias c. narcolepsy d. REM disorders
A
Adolescents tend to shift toward a a. biologically determined later sleep schedule. b. culturally determined earlier sleep schedule. c. biologically determined earlier sleep schedule. d. culturally determined later sleep schedule.
A
Amy is a young woman who is very competitive and comes from a high achieving, wealthy family. She is very social and likes the fact that she is quite popular. She believes that her popularity is dependent on the weight and shape of her body. Amy has a boyfriend but worries that she may care more about their relationship than he does. The feature that puts Amy most at risk for an eating disorder such as bulimia nervosa is her a. belief that her weight and body shape influence her popularity. b. belief that her boyfriend cares less about the relationship than she does. c. successful family. d. competitive nature.
A
An important aspect of the cognitive-behavioral approach to the treatment of bulimia nervosa involves a. changing patients' dysfunctional thoughts regarding their weight and previous weight control strategies. b. helping the patient's family learn new ways of interacting with each other and with the patient. c. changing the type and frequency of reinforcement associated with being an identified patient. d. making sure that the patient has a lot of quiet time where she can be alone.
A
As we grow older, it seems that the amount of sleep that we require __________. a. decreases b. increases c. stays the same d. decreases until early adulthood and then begins to increase again
A
Average weight loss on diet programs such as Atkins and Weight Watchers is _______. a. 4-7 pounds b. 10-15 pounds c. 20-25 pounds d. 30 or more pounds
A
Individuals with bulimia nervosa are typically a. within 10% of their "normal" wieght. b. very overweight. c. very underweight. d. overweight during the development of the disorder but become underweight as the disorder progresses.
A
Individuals with night eating syndrome a. consume a third of their daily intake after their evening meal. b. binge during the night. c. do not wake up while eating during the night. d. often purge after eating.
A
Medical treatments for severe sleep apnea include medication, mechanical devices, and _______. a. surgery b. exercise of the neck muscles c. a high protein diet d. changing the patient's sleep schedule
A
Of the following, the only symptom that both patients with narcolepsy and patients with hypersomnolence disorder experience is a. falling asleep during normal waking hours. b. sudden loss of muscle tone. c. sleep paralysis d. hypnagogic hallucinations.
A
On the "Abnormal Psychology Live" CD for Chapter 8, Susan mentioned that she often compensated for eating by purging. She indicated that her weight has been as low as 87 pounds. Her diagnosis is ____________. a. anorexia nervosa b. bulimia nervosa c. pica d. ruminaiton disorder
A