Chap 13 The Reformation part 2

Ulrich Zwingli

1400's - 1500's Brought the reformation to Swiss Was a Catholic priest, eventually switched to Luther. Did not agree with all of Luther's ideas Luther only was a religious, Zwingli was both religion and politics

Calvin's major belief about standing before God

You do not need something standing between you and god The leader would decide what religion you are, but here Calvin is saying that a leader should not stand between you and god Rulers cannot choose your religion

Political Consolidation of the Lutheran Reformation

1500's Holy Roman Emperor could not stop the reformation Diet of Augsburg - Called by Charles V Leaders of Catholic and Protestant religions to work together to work out the problem Trying to get the protestants to change their ways Charles says that the German princes (Lutheran) must become Catholic Lutherans would not listen to him This causes a war inside the empire Some people support the Lutherans, and some fight for Charles 22 years of back and forward fighting Sign the Peace of Augsburg - 1555 Restated that the German princes can choose religion for their territory

The Reformation in England: Edward

Becomes king in 1547 reigns for 6 years Son of Henry Followed John Calvin Different from his dad, he wanted England to be protestant -> Calvin Came to power at 10, died at 17 Brought protestant religion to England Throne passes to Marry

Differences between Calvin and Luther

Calvin helped with revising the social order/politics, Luther refused to help EX: Peasant Reformation Calvin: Religion Social order Economics Politics Luther was primarily focused on just reforming the church

Calvin's Major belief of Predestination

Calvin thinks that everything has been predestined by God, anything that deals with religion

AND HIS NAME IS JOHN CALVIN

Founder of Calvinism 1500's Born into wealthy family in france Was a lawyer Wrote a book called Institutes of Christian religion Book about his problems with the RCC In France (Catholic) the book got him into trouble He had to flee and went to geneva Switzerland. Unruly city (today's Vegas) Revolt in Geneva to overthrow the leader, they used Calvin's ideas to rule themselves - They put in a new city council Used his ideas to organize how the city should be run - Pamphlet called Rules of governing Moral Behavior

Henry- Fourth Wife

Henry asks his advisors to find him a wife They Bring him a painting of Anne of Cleves, ugly in real life, get married but the divorced

Henry-Fifth Wife

Henry marries Catherine Howard (Wife 5) No children together Accused of cheating and has her head chopped off Henry now is not in good physical health, syphilis (STD)

Henry- Third Wife

Henry marries Jane Seymour (3rd wife) They have a boy together -Edward Henry loved her but she died due to childbirth complications

Henry- Second Wife

Henry then marries Anne Boleyn (His mistress) hoping to have a male air He did not get a male Gave birth to Elizabeth Parliaments passed the Act of Succession The heirs of Anne Boleyn will be the airs to the to the throne Henry gets tired of her, claims that she is cheating on her Has her head chopped off

Henry- Sixth and Last Wife

Katherine Par Married, outlives King Henry and she was his last wife

Anabaptists: Radical Protestants

More radical than both Luther And Zwingli Largest radical protestant group Believed in adult baptism Getting baptised as a kid means nothing, you are unaware of what going on Baptised as adult because you are aware and accept the church Refused to go to war Would not recognize kings or governments Ancestors to the omish Separated themselves from Europeans, Europeans got worried and wiped them out In the HRE adult baptism is punishable by death Roughly 5,00 anabaptists were killed Anabaptists took a city in the HRE Munster - City, sieged the city and forced out all who did not want to convert to anabaptists. The Holy Roman Emperor wiped out the anabaptists - Munster Rebellion/Revolt

Calvin's beliefs in Moral Characteristics

No drinking No swearing Be a good person These deal more with his involvement in social order Geneva was a free city No king or queen ruling over it

The Swiss Reformation

The reformation eventually moved to Swiss Swiss is not the same Swiss as today - Made up by 13 independent states called the Swiss Confederation. Some were Protestant and some Catholic Formed b/c Pope is corrupt, and they wanted religious advice

The Marburg Colloquy

They both meet to discuss their beliefs. Purpose was to make a solution where they would not have to split up into two different religions. The Marburg Colloquy is the meeting. This argument was based off Zwingli and Luther cannot agree about the eucharist - taking body of Christ, and drink his blood through wine. Luther thought it was his body and blood, Zwingli said he can't be in the bread and in heaven Luther thought Zwingli as being insane Zwingli is even more reformed than Luther. the way Catholic's think Luther is crazy, is how Luther thinks Zwingli is crazy

The Reformation in England: Henry- first wife

begins with king Henry VIII Very upset with his wives First wife is katherine of Aragon (ferdinand and Isabella's daughter) Together henry and Katherine had one daughter - Mary King Henry wanted a son Katherine had miscarriages Believed she was cursed Henry wanted to get divorced and marry Anne Boleyn No allowed to according to Church Told pope to get him a divorce katherine was the niece of the Holy Roman Emperor - Charles V If they get divorced it embareses Charles V Henry's advisors tell King Henry that he should just proclaim himself as head of the Church of England (Still thought he was Catholic) (Pope of England) - Bypass the Pope Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy which allowed him to do this