chap 16

Hearing and equilibrium are transmitted along which cranial nerve?

V111

Receptors of the human body convert stimulus energy into ______.

an electrical signal

Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber?

anterior cavity

When the ______ membrane moves, the _______ on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.

basilar ; stereocillia

Gustatory cells are found in taste

buds

Gustatory cells are

chemoreceptors

What is the largest structure of the vascular tunic?

choroid

Which structure of the eye absorbs light to prevent it from scattering within the eye?

choroid

The auditory sensory axons of the _____ branch of cranial nerve number ______ terminate in the cochlear nucleus within the brainstem.

cochlear ; 8

What type of photoreceptors detects color

cones

When you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called

dark adaptation

Light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different ______.

densities

The outmost layer of the eye is called the ______ tunic.

fibrous

Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe

occipital

The iris controls the size of the _____

pupil

The black hole in the eye is called ________the and it is surrounded by the colorful _________. Listen to the complete question

pupil, iris

Most of the eye is ______ the orbit of the skull.

receded into

The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ___

receptive field

Some individuals experience pain in their left shoulder during a heart attack. This is an example of ______.

referred pain

What structure is the "white" of the eye?

sclera

What structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic? Multiple choice question.

sclera

Which part of the eye is an attachment site for extrinsic eye muscles?

sclera

What is the most numerous type of receptor?

tactile receptors

The cornea is ______.

transparent

Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels?

vascular tunic

Which are true of rods?

-They function well in dim light. -There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye.

Optic tracts extend to which structures after they leave the optic chiasm

-superior colliculi -the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus

Place the structures of the vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior.

1. iris 2. ciliary body 3. choroid

Order these structures from superficial to deep. Start with the outermost structure first.

1. sclera 2. choroid 3. pigmented layer of retina 4. neural layer of retina

As we adjust to low light, our ______ becomes nonfunctional and it may take ______ for rhodopsin to become regenerated sufficiently so that you can see well in low-light conditions.

cones ; 20-30 minutes

The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the

cornea

Which are a part of the fibrous tunic?

cornea and sclera

True or false: The eye is spherical, measuring about 5 centimeters in diameter, and most of it is receded into the orbit of the skull.

false, the eye is 2.5 cm

The outmost layer of the eye is called the

fibrous tunic

Pain is an example of a ______ sense

general

The term equilibrium refers to our awareness and monitoring of our position.

head

The vestibulocochlear nerve transmits ______ information.

hearing and equilibrium

The retina is the ______ layer of the eye wall

internal

The retina is the ______ layer of the eye wall.

internal

The sense of smell is called ___

olfaction

We use the sense of to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger. Listen to the complete question

olfaction

The fat surrounding the eye is called

orbital fat

Olfactory receptors ___

perceive odors

What type of receptor can undergo adaptation?

phasic

If stimulated over a period of time, _______ receptors lose eventually sensitivity.

phasic or adapting

____ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin.

referred pain

Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the ______ and viscera.

skin

Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field.

small

The apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called .

refraction

Sensory receptors in which structures help monitor and adjust our equilibrium?

saccule utricle semicircular ducts

Mechanoreceptors located in the skin and mucous membranes are called ______ receptors.

tactile

What is the name of structure A in the picture of the spiral organ

tectorial membrane

The middle and inner ear are in which bone?

temporal bone

What chamber is between the iris and cornea?

anterior chamber