chap 25 bio

The bacterium that causes botulism disease is harmless until it?

Germinates

How does penicillin work?

by dominating cell walls thus killing bacteria

Some bacteria avoid being phagocytized by its host's immune system by means of a ?

capsule

A chain of round bacteria would be called?

cocci

What shape is vibrio?

comma shaped

Mad cow disease is caused by

prions

Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic envirment by?

A ridged cell wall

Bacteria can reproduce asexually and sexually. Name the six ways bacteria can reproduce.

Asexual: Binary Fission, Budding, Fragmentation Sexual: Transformation, Transduction, Conjugation

bacteria may reproduce by

Binary fusion; a sexually.

Within Bacteria, small circles of DNA called ______________ exist in addition to the bacterial chromosome.

Plasmid

Gram-positive bacteria would stain ____ in a gram stain because of the thick layer of _________ in their cell walls.

Purple, Peptidoglycan

Name the three shapes of bacteria

Round (coccus), rod-shaped (bacillus), spiral (spirochete)

What is peptidoglycan?

a network of sugar polymers cross-linked by polypeptides