Chap. 9 Alcohol and Tobacco

If you decide you want to change your behavior in drinking alcohol, you should consider setting goals. An example of a good attainable goal is

"I will have no more than four drinks a week."

What are some of the effects of environmental tobacco smoke?

- A half hour of daily exposure creates heart damage similar to that of an actual smoker. - It can increase the odds of pets getting a variety of cancers. - It is especially dangerous to infants because they are small.

What were the terms of the Master Settlement Agreement? (Select all that apply.)

- Billboards advertising cigarettes and other tobacco products were banned. - Tobacco ads aimed at children were restricted. - The tobacco industry paid $206 billion to 46 states.

Which of the following statements are true regarding nicotine?

- Its effects on the brain are similar to other types of psychoactive drugs. - It can increase alertness in adults. - It has a strong influence on mood.

What is happening concerning the issue of banning tobacco and smoking on college campuses?

- Money from smoking fines is used for smoking cessation programs. - Smoking bans are ineffective without enforcement. - Many students and faculty resent any type of ban.

What were the terms of the Master Settlement Agreement?

- The tobacco industry paid $206 billion to 46 states. - Billboards advertising cigarettes and other tobacco products were banned. - Tobacco ads aimed at children were restricted.

A decrease in smoking among ethnic minority groups since the 1980s has led to which of the following?

- a decline in lung cancer rates for African American men - a leveling off in lung cancer rates for African American women.

Tobacco advertising that is aimed at teenagers associates smoking with

- alcohol. - independence. - sex.

Which of the following are long-term effects of smoking?

- coronary artery disease - cancer - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Which of the following are included as key provisions in the Tobacco Control Act of 2009?

- disallowing free samples of tobacco products - prohibiting the sale of cigarettes to anyone under 18 years of age

Which of the following factors affect a person's rate of alcohol absorption?

- drug interactions - alcohol concentration - age

The smoke from other people's tobacco products is called passive smoking or

- environmental tobacco smoke. - secondhand smoke.

The use of fake IDs

can be serious enough to be a felony.

The rates of smoking are higher among

men and younger people.

How does nicotine affect appetite?

suppresses appetite

Heavy drinkers can prevent the progression of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome by

taking thiamine.

Which of the following has placed men at higher risk for cancers such as throat cancer, esophageal cancer, and stomach cancer?

the use of tobacco products other than cigarettes

Which of the following are immediate effects of smoking?

- increased heart rate - increased body temperature - increased blood pressure

The consumption of alcohol can affect sexual decision making by

- lowered likelihood of practicing safe sex. - high-risk sexual activity.

Women who smoke during pregnancy have a higher risk for

- miscarriages of their pregnancies. - low birth weights of their infants.

Which of the following are impacts of smoking on women?

- problems during pregnancy. - early menopause. - menstrual disorders.

Heavy drinkers are more likely to engage in sexual behaviors that are associated with an increased likelihood of

- sexually transmitted diseases. - unplanned pregnancies.

Problem drinking is caused by a complex interaction of which of the following types of factors?

- sociocultural - psychological - individual

Alcohol use leads to major damage of which of the following organs and systems of the body?

- the liver - the brain - the reproductive system

A hangover is characterized by

- thirst. - fatigue. - headache. - upset stomach.

Typically, someone caught using a fake ID

- will have to pay a fine. - may be forced to do community service. - may lose a driver's license.

People experiencing acute alcohol intoxication typically have a blood alcohol level of

0.35 or higher.

Individuals who quit smoking before the age of 50 cut their risk of dying within the next 15 years by

50%.

When a smoker lights up, nicotine reaches the brain within this many seconds.

7 to 10

Surveys show that approximately what percentage of college students drink alcohol?

80%

Gloria is trying to track her calorie consumption. What should she keep in mind about alcohol?

A standard serving of any type of alcoholic drink has a minimum of near 100 calories.

According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, which of the following people is a high-risk drinker?

Bill, who drinks a six pack of beer each Saturday and Sunday, but does not drink through the week.

Which of the following is a possible benefit of the high water content in beer and its diuretic effect?

It could help prevent the forming of kidney stones.

How does Alcoholics Anonymous help people with alcohol consumption problems?

It is a self-help program offering a multistep path to recovery.

Which of the following statements about nicotine addiction is true?

Many don't realize they are addicted to nicotine until they try to quit.

Alcoholism is the top health problem for which of the following groups?

Native Americans

How is smoking involved in weight management?

Nicotine increases basal metabolic rate.

How does nicotine affect alcohol?

Nicotine lengthens the time alcohol stays in the stomach, increasing the time for absorption into the bloodstream.

What type of images did the FDA release as part of a public health warning about smoking in 2011?

Nine disturbing images designed to shock people into behavior change.

Which of the following health benefits occurs at the 1-year mark after quitting smoking?

The risk of a smoking-related heart attack is cut by half or more.

Surveys show which of the following about college students under the age of 21 who drink?

They drink less frequently than older students.

What was the result of the FDA proposal of graphic images as part of a public health warning about smoking in 2011?

Tobacco companies sued the FDA and won.

True or false: Mortality rates from cardiovascular disease and cancer associated with tobacco use is higher for ethnic minority groups than for Whites.

True

Severe alcohol dependence can lead to severe amnesia from a disease known as "wet brain," or

Wernicke--Korsakoff syndrome.

Does smoking create health risks?

Yes, it creates long-term health risks.

Out of the 6,000 college campuses in the United States, about how many are tobacco-free or smoke-free?

about one-fourth

Processes in the liver convert alcohol to the organic chemical compound called

acetaldehyde.

Samantha's friends and family have tried to persuade her to cut down on her drinking, but Samantha thinks that because she does not crave alcohol she doesn't have a problem. Samantha has become less responsible and sometimes forgets to pick her children up from school or buy groceries. Samantha is most likely suffering from

alcohol abuse.

The pathological use of alcohol or impairment in functioning due to alcohol that is characterized by tolerance and withdrawal symptoms is called

alcohol dependence.

Intoxication refers to the ______ caused by alcohol.

altered state of consciousness

Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) converts alcohol in the liver. What is ADH?

an enzyme

AlcoholEdu is a brief intervention that takes the form of

an online course.

Communities have used all of the following tactics to limit alcohol consumption except

banning the sale of alcohol in cities with colleges.

One of the main concerns with mixing alcohol and energy drinks is that the combination often makes a drinker

believe he or she is sober.

A blackout from drinking alcohol is a warning sign that fundamental changes have occurred in the structure of the

brain.

Tar coats a smoker's lungs and creates an environment that is conducive to the growth of cells that can cause

cancer.

Tobacco advertising targeted toward children has been criticized for its use of

cartoon characters.

In the short term, acute alcohol intoxication can lead to a

coma.

Congress' goal in passing the Tobacco Control Act was to

decrease the number of Americans who die or who are harmed by tobacco products.

Alcohol is a central nervous system

depressant.

The stimulants in energy drinks work to keep a drinker awake. Alcohol works as a

depressant.

Some ways of limiting physical access to tobacco include

enforcing laws that restrict the sale of tobacco to minors.

A major risk factor for the development of problems with alcohol is a

family history of alcoholism.

A pregnant woman who drinks can cause her infant to have a set of birth defects called

fetal alcohol syndrome.

Where does tobacco rank among the preventable causes of death in the United States?

first

According to the parameters set by National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, which of the following drinking patterns would not be considered heavy or at-risk drinking?

for a man, drinking 10 drinks per week and at most 3 drinks on any one day

Outpatient treatment for alcohol-related problems typically includes marital or family counseling, individual counseling, and ______ counseling.

group

The Alcohol Skills Training Program is a brief intervention program using a series of

group sessions.

A blackout is a temporary period of time during which a drinker is conscious and has

impaired powers of memory.

Researchers suspect that moderate, regular alcohol consumption may be associated with a lowered level of heart disease because it

increases HDL, or "good cholesterol."

Some common ways of limiting access to tobacco in the United States are reducing physical availability, regulating tobacco-marketing campaigns, and

increasing cost through taxes.

Which group typically reports the highest rate of heavy drinking within the past month?

individuals 21 to 25 years old

A basic premise of Alcoholics Anonymous is that an alcoholic

is biologically different from a nonalcoholic.

One important thing to remember about tobacco use is that it is

legal for adults.

Liver fat in a heavy drinker decreases by 15 percent after going how long without drinking?

one month

How long does it take for a heavy drinker's sleep stages to become normal after quitting drinking?

one week

The only known remedies for a hangover are rest, time, and

pain medication.

In outpatient programs, patients

participate in treatment programs during the day and return home at night.

Due to its ability to change consciousness and brain chemistry, alcohol is classified as a(n)

psychoactive drug.

Steve has been drinking heavily for quite a while. Mike has not seen him for several years but immediately notices a difference in his appearance due to drinking, Mike probably notices that Steve has

red cheeks.

While alcohol levels in the blood and brain are rising, you experience feelings of

relaxation and well-being.

In men, common negative side effects of smoking and using tobacco products include

sexual and reproductive problems.

A practice that substantially increases compliance with drunk driving laws is the use of these checkpoints.

sobriety

If you want to change your behavior around alcohol, the goals you set for yourself should be

specific and achievable.

Tar is the

sticky residue from the chemical products in tobacco smoke.

If people have more body fat,

they have more alcohol circulating in the bloodstream.

Many of the provisions to the Master Settlement Agreement limit youth exposure and access to

tobacco.

The majority of smokers in the United States begin smoking

while they are adolescents.