Chapter 06 Core Content

What molecules belong in spaces E and F?

carbon dioxide and water

What process occurs within Box B?

citric acid cycle

What is the name of the process in which pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid?

fermentation

Chemical reactions that require oxygen are called _____ while those that do not require oxygen are considered

aerobic ... anaerobic

What molecules belong in space A and B?

glucose and oxygen

What process occurs in Box A?

glycolysis

Which of the following processes takes place in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?

glycolysis

The main function of cellular respiration is

making ATP to power cell activities

In what organelle would you find acetyl CoA formation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain?

mitochondrion

What organelle is indicated by the letter C?

mitochondrion

In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _

oxidative phosphorylation

The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is

oxygen

What process occurs in structure H?

photosynthesis

In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by

substrate-level phosphorylation

The electron transport chain is a series of electron carrier molecules. Where are these molecules located in eukaryotic cells?

the inner membrane of the mitochondria

For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ NADH enter the electron transport chain.

10

In the absence of oxygen the net gain of ATP for each glucose molecule during glycolysis is approximately _

2 ATPs

In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose breakdown?

ATP

Structure A is

ATP synthase

What is the correct general equation for cellular respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy

Which of these is NOT a product of glycolysis?

FADH2

A glucose molecule is completely broken down upon completion of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. However, these two processes yield only a few ATPs. What other energy carrier(s) that can be used to synthesize more ATPS is/are also generated during these processes?

NADH and FADH2

During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the ____

NADH and FADH2 ... intermembrane space

What molecule is indicated by the letter D?

Oxygen

In muscle cells, fermentation produces

lactate and NAD+

Which statement describes the citric acid cycle?

This process produces some ATP and carbon dioxide in the mitochondrion.

Which statement describes glycolysis?

This process splits glucose in half and produces 2 ATPs for each glucose.

Which statement describes the electron transport chain?

This process uses energy captured from electrons flowing to oxygen to produce most of the ATPs in cellular respiration

Glycolysis occurs in almost all organisms on Earth. From this we might conclude that

glycolysis evolved very early in ancestors that are common to all the domains of life

Drag the labels onto the diagram to identify the stages of cellular respiration.

glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain

Select the correct sequence of steps as energy is extracted from glucose during cellular respiration.

glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain

The proximate (immediate) source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is

kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse down their concentration gradient

How many NADH are produced by glycolysis?

two

In glycolysis there is a net gain of _____ ATP.

two

An important end product of cellular respiration is _

water