Chapter 1-5 C++
Which of the following statements is correct?
1. #include <iostream>
What header file do you need to include in a program that performs file operations?
1. #include<fstream>
Why should a program close a file when it's finished using it?
1. ? It may cause an unsaved data that might still be in it to become lost.
What is a flag and how does it work?
1. A flag is a variable that signals when some condition exits in the program.
Briefly describe how the && operator works.
1. Basically if 2 expressions are true than the compound expression will result as true.
Briefly describe how the || operator works
1. It as known as the or operated used for 2 expressions and becomes true when either one of them is true.
A(n) sentinel is
1. a special value that marks the end of a series of values.
A(n) running total is
1. a sum of numbers that accumulates with each iteration of a loop.
A(n) accumulator is
1. a variable that is initialized to some starting value, usually zero, then has numbers added to it in each iteration of a loop.
A loop that is inside another is called
1. a(n) nested loop.
The double log10(double var_name);
1. library function returns the base-10 logarithm of a number.
The double cos(double var_name);
1. library function returns the cosine of an angle.
The double exp(double var_name);
1. library function returns the exponential function of a number.
The double log(double var_name);
1. library function returns the natural logarithm of a number.
The double fmod(double var_name, double var_name2);
1. library function returns the remainder of a floating-point division.
The double sin(double var_name);
1. library function returns the sine of an angle.
The double pow(double var_name, double var_name2
1. library function returns the value of a number raised to a power.
If the subexpression on the left of the && logical operator is false, the right subexpression is
1. not checked.
Every complete statement ends with a
1. semicolon.
The for loop is ideal for
1. situations that require a counter.
The trailing else in an if/else if statement has a similar purpose as the default section of a
1. switch statement.
The break statement causes a loop
1. to terminate immediately.
The while and for loops
1. will not iterate at all if their test expressions are false to start with.
When do preprocessor directives execute?
Before the compiler complies your program.
A group statements, such as the contents of a function, is enclosed in
Braces {}
1. The job of the ___ is to fetch instructions, carry out the operations commanded by the instructions, and produce some outcome or resultant information.
CPU
1. Internally, the CPU consists of the ____ and the ___ .
Control Unit, ALU
A variable must be ____ before it can be used in a program.
Declared
The if statement regards an expression with the value 0 as
False.
1. The two general categories of software are ____ and ____ .
System and Application software
The if statement regards an expression with a nonzero value as
True
relational expression is either
True or False.
The value of a relational expression is 0 if the expression is False or 1 if the expression is
True.
A(n) ____ is a named storage location.
Variable
What is a file's read position? Where is the read position when a file is first opened for reading?
When a file is opened for input the file stream object internally maintains a special value known as a read position. A file's read position marks the location of the next byte that will be read form the file.
A left brace in a C++ program should always be followed by
a right brace later in the program.
A(n) counter is
a variable that "counts" the number of times a loop repeats.
The #include<math.h>
must be included in a program that uses the mathematical function
A program's ability to run on several different types of computer systems is called
portability
A loop that evaluates its test expression after each repetition is a(n)
postest loop.
The continue statement
causes a loop to skip the remaining statements in the current iteration.
The statement or block that is repeated is known as
the body of the loop.
For an if statement to conditionally execute a group of statements, the statements must be enclosed in a set of
curly braces.
Every C++ program must have a
function main
Each repetition of a loop is known as a(n)
iteration
The double sqrt(double var_name);
library function returns the square root of a number.
The double tan(double var_name);
library function returns the tangent of an angle.
Preprocessor directives begin with a
#
1. A(n) ____ ____ is an example of a secondary storage device.
Hard drive
1. languages are close to the level of humans in terms of readability.
High-level
What data type do you use when you want to create a file stream object that can read data from a file?
Ifstream data type object is used to create a file stream object that can read data from a file.
is information a program gathers from the outside world.
Input
Words that have special meaning in a programming language are called
Key words
languages are close to the level of the computer.
Low-level
1. Since computers can't be programmed in natural human language, algorithms must be written in a(n) ___ language
Machine
is the only language computers really process.
Machine
What data type do you use when you want to create a file stream object that can write data to a file?
Ofstream data type object is used to create a file stream object that can write data to a file.
are characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands
Operators
is information a program sends to the outside world.
Output
Words or names defined by the programmer are called
Programmer-defined identifiers
1. characters or symbols mark the beginning or end of programming statements, or separate items in a list.
Punctuation
An expression using the greater-than, less-than, greater-than-or-equal-to, less-than-or-equal-to, equal-to, or not-equal-to operator is called a(n)
Relational expression.
The do-while loop
always iterates at least once.
A(n) ___ ___ is a diagram that graphically illustrates the structure of a program.
hierarchy chart
A loop that does not have a way of stopping is a(n)
infinte loop.
1. The three primary activities of a program are
input , processing , and output .
The if/else if statement is actually a form of the
nested if statement.
If the subexpression on the left of the || logical operator is true, the right subexpression is
not checked.
A program is a set of
of instructions that the computer follows to perform as task
A loop that evaluates its test expression before each repetition is a(n)
pretest loop.
Computers can do many different jobs because they can be
programmed
The rules that must be followed when constructing a program are called
syntax