Chapter 1 and 2 Pysch

What percentage of genes are shared by monozygotic twins?

100 percent

When conducting research with children what procedural safeguards must be considered?

All of these should be considered

A ________ expresses the strength and direction (positive or negative) of the relationship between two variables.

Correlation coefficient

_____ is defined as a way of evaluating the claims and comments of other people that involves skepticism and examination of evidence.

Critical Thinking

________ study how humans grow and change from conception to death

Developmental psychologists

Which of the following is a principle of critical thinking?

Insist on evidence

What is true in terms of applied research?

It is designed to find solutions to "real life" personal or social problems.

On his first day as a school psychologist, Daniel took a trip to the school ground and quietly sat in the corner watching the children play. He noticed several patterns in the way children behaved with each other, especially when they were playing games. Daniel is most likely using the method of ________

Naturalistic Observation

One of the problems associated with the accuracy of surveys is

Participants may inaccurately represent their true beliefs or behaviors

In the context of the brain's language functions, identify the correct statement.

People with Wernicke's aphasia usually speak freely and with proper syntax.

Which of the following statements is true of the scientific method?

Psychologists are guided by principles of critical thinking as they try to draw conclusions from research evidence collected through the scientific method

Which of the following is a drawback of case studies?

The results cannot be generalized to a large population of people

Julie's research work requires her to interview a sample of 200 people within two months. She needs to gather data about the sample group's attitude toward certain situations through a questionnaire, but she has limited time to gather the information. Which of the following methods should Julie use to gather the required information?

The survey method

According to the American Psychological Association's Handbooks of Ethics in Psychology, which of the following criteria must be met for psychologists to use deception in their experiments?

There is no other way to conduct the research to support the hypothesis and participants are debriefed afterward.

Placebos

When a patient insists on having a medical cure but a physician does not believe that medicine is necessary, the physician may prescribe sugar pills. Such fake pills are called ______

A girl with Turner Syndrome either has a missing or partial ________

X chromosome

Charles Whitman was called the Texas Tower murderer. He was a student who went to the University of Texas at Austin in the late 1960's. One day, for unexplained reasons, he climbed the tower in the middle of the campus and began randomly shooting people. He had to be killed. Upon autopsy, it was found that there was evidence of abnormal activity in his ________-

amygdala

When you are a training a pet, you are most likely relying on which of the following psychological perspectives?

behaviorist

Sergei is having disturbing thoughts. His therapist suggests doing blood work to measure the level of hormones. Which perspective is Sergie's therapist using?

biological

Which part of the brain is responsible for involuntary functions of the body such as heart beat and breathing and if severely injured will likely result in death?

brain stem

During a sobriety test, individuals are asked to walk a straight line. This test evaluates if alcohol has impaired the part of their brain associated with balance. This is the _______

cerebellum

Which brain imaging technology takes several X-rays to reveal deformities in shape and structure that are connected with blood clots, tumors, and other health problems?

computerized axial tomography scan (CAT scan)

The electroencephalograph is a method of ________

detecting brain waves by means of measuring the current between electrodes placed on the scalp

Nicotine, alcohol, and many other drugs are pleasurable because they heighten levels of _________

dopamine

Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in depression and schizophrenia?

dopamine

Derris is a research assistant in Dr. Smith's lab. When the participant asked him what the conditions of the study were, Derris replied, "I do not know.' This is an example of a ____ study

double-blind

Jane is a practicing psychologist who assesses the mental status of people charged with crimes and shares her findings with the courts. Jane is a(n) _____ psychologist.​

forensic psychologist

Which of the following represents your full genetic potential?

genotype

Being left-handed appears to provide a somewhat greater-than-average probability of ________

having dyslexia

Alicia was recently in a car accident. Since then, she cannot retain memories of events that occurred after the accident. However, she can recall events that took place before the accident. She recognizes her family and friends and important dates, such as her birthday and her marriage anniversary, but has to be constantly reintroduced to the new people in her life. Alicia has most likely sustained damage to her _____.

hippocampus

The phrase, "Everything psychological is biological" impies that

human behavior, thinking and emotion is based on what happens in the body

The case of Phineas Gage is important in understanding how the brain works for which of the following reasons?

it demonstrated the localization of various functions within the brain

The purpose of the Human Genome Project was to?

map out the DNA sequences found in the human body

Which of these is best defined as a sudden variation of an inheritable characteristic, as distinguished from a variation that results in generations of gradual selection?

mutation

Traits such as sociability and aggressiveness are thought to be _________

polygenic

Each kind of neurotransmitter has a unique chemical structure, and each can fit into a specifically tailored harbor, also known a s a __________

receptor site

Professor Schiesow is trained as which of the following?

school psychologist

Labib has been having severe epileptic seizures since a very young age. His seizures have become less frequent since he underwent an operation. However, he has problems expressing what he feels. When he feels happy, his facial expressions often show anger. Labib has most likely undergone a(n) _______ operation.

split-brain

A hypothesis is a

statement about behavior or mental processes that is testable through research

Which of the following causes Down syndrome?

the presence of an extra chromosome in the 21st pair