Chapter 1: Modern Network Security Threats

Types of Reconnaissance attacks

Ping Sweep Port Scan Internet Information Query

detecting and blocking of attacks in real time

What is the role of an IPS? intrusion prevention system connecting global threat information to Cisco network security devices authenticating and validating traffic detecting and blocking of attacks in real time filtering of nefarious websites

blocking ICMP echo and echo-replies at the network edge

What method can be used to mitigate ping sweeps? using encrypted or hashed authentication protocols installing antivirus software on hosts deploying antisniffer software on all network devices blocking ICMP echo and echo-replies at the network edge

Treatment

What worm mitigation phase involves actively disinfecting infected systems? Treatment containment inoculation quarantine

when a VM that may have outdated security policies is brought online after a long period of inactivity.

Which condition describes the potential threat created by Instant On in a data center? when the primary firewall in the data center crashes when an attacker hijacks a VM hypervisor and then launches attacks against other devices in the data center when the primary IPS appliance is malfunctioning when a VM that may have outdated security policies is brought online after a long period of inactivity.

intrusion protection systems antispoofing technologies

Which two network security solutions can be used to mitigate DoS attacks? (Choose two.) virus scanning intrusion protection systems applying user authentication antispoofing technologies data encryption

Examples include smurf attacks and ping of death attacks. They attempt to compromise the availability of a network, host, or application

Which two statements characterize DoS attacks? (Choose two.) Examples include smurf attacks and ping of death attacks. They attempt to compromise the availability of a network, host, or application They are difficult to conduct and are initiated only by very skilled attackers. They are commonly launched with a tool called L0phtCrack. They always precede access attacks.

reconnaissance

A disgruntled employee is using Wireshark to discover administrative Telnet usernames and passwords. What type of network attack does this describe? trust exploitation denial of service reconnaissance port redirection

man in the middle

An attacker is using a laptop as a rogue access point to capture all network traffic from a targeted user. Which type of attack is this? trust exploitation buffer overflow man in the middle port redirection

Prevention

As a dedicated network security tool, an intrusion ______________ system can provide detection and blocking of attacks in real time.

by sending a large number of ICMP requests to directed broadcast addresses from a spoofed source address on the same network

How is a smurf attack conducted? by sending a large number of packets to overflow the allocated buffer memory of the target device by sending a large number of ICMP requests to directed broadcast addresses from a spoofed source address on the same network by sending a large number of TCP SYN packets to a target device from a spoofed source address by sending an echo request in an IP packet larger than the maximum packet size of 65,535 bytes

Ping Sweep

The process of sending ping requests to a series of devices or to the entire range of networked devices.

to right a perceived wrong

What is an objective of a state-sponsored attack? to gain financial prosperity to sell operation system vulnerabilities to other hackers to gain attention to right a perceived wrong Spy on citizens, disrupt foreign government

Reconnaissance attack

Used to gathering information about a network to perform another type of network attack ( an access attack). may be disruptive as a side effect

confidentiality integrity availability

What are the three components of information security ensured by cryptography? (Choose three.) threat prevention authorization confidentiality countermeasures integrity availability

secure segmentation visibility threat defense

What are the three core components of the Cisco Secure Data Center solution? (Choose three.) mesh network secure segmentation visibility threat defense servers infrastructure

a payload an enabling vulnerability a propagation mechanism

What are the three major components of a worm attack? (Choose three.) a penetration mechanism an infecting vulnerability a payload an enabling vulnerability a probing mechanism a propagation mechanism

attempting to write more data to a memory location than that location can hold

What causes a buffer overflow? launching a security countermeasure to mitigate a Trojan horse sending repeated connections such as Telnet to a particular device, thus denying other data sources. downloading and installing too many software updates at one time attempting to write more data to a memory location than that location can hold sending too much information to two or more interfaces of the same device, thereby causing dropped packets

financial gain

What commonly motivates cybercriminals to attack networks as compared to hactivists or state-sponsored hackers? status among peers fame seeking financial gain political reasons

control plane

What functional area of the Cisco Network Foundation Protection framework is responsible for device-generated packets required for network operation, such as ARP message exchanges and routing advertisements? data plane control plane management plane forwarding plane

Malware is contained in a seemingly legitimate executable program.

What is a characteristic of a Trojan horse as it relates to network security? Malware is contained in a seemingly legitimate executable program. Extreme quantities of data are sent to a particular network device interface. An electronic dictionary is used to obtain a password to be used to infiltrate a key network device. Too much information is destined for a particular memory block causing additional memory areas to be affected.

a network scanning technique that indicates the live hosts in a range of IP addresses.

What is a ping sweep? a scanning technique that examines a range of TCP or UDP port numbers on a host to detect listening services. a software application that enables the capture of all network packets that are sent across a LAN. a query and response protocol that identifies information about a domain, including the addresses that are assigned to that domain a network scanning technique that indicates the live hosts in a range of IP addresses.

Conduct a risk assessment.

What is the first step in the risk management process specified by the ISO/IEC? Create a security policy. Conduct a risk assessment. Inventory and classify IT assets. Create a security governance model.

installing antivirus software on all hosts

What is the primary method for mitigating malware? using encrypted or hashed authentication protocols installing antivirus software on all hosts blocking ICMP echo and echo-replies at the network edge deploying intrusion prevention systems throughout the network

A worm can execute independently of the host system.

What is the significant characteristic of worm malware? A worm can execute independently of the host system. A worm must be triggered by an event on the host system. Worm malware disguises itself as legitimate software Once installed on a host system, a worm does not replicate itself.

identifying and stopping malicious traffic

What role does the Security Intelligence Operations (SIO) play in the Cisco SecureX architecture? identifying and stopping malicious traffic authenticating users enforcing policy identifying applications

Internal threats can cause even greater damage than external threats.

Which statement accurately characterizes the evolution of threats to network security? Internal threats can cause even greater damage than external threats. Threats have become less sophisticated while the technical knowledge needed by an attacker has grown. Early Internet users often engaged in activities that would harm other users. Internet architects planned for network security from the beginning.

Buffer overflow attacks write data beyond the hallocated buffer memory to overwrite valid data or to exploit systems to execute malicious code. Password attacks can be implemented by the use os brute-force attack methods, Trojan horse, or packet sniffers.

Which two statements describe access attacks? (Choose two.) Trust exploitation attacks often involve the use of a laptop to act as a rogue access point to capture and copy all network traffic in a public location, such as a wireless hotspot. To detect listening services, port scanning attacks scan a range of TCP or UDP port numbers on a host Buffer overflow attacks write data beyond the hallocated buffer memory to overwrite valid data or to exploit systems to execute malicious code. Password attacks can be implemented by the use os brute-force attack methods, Trojan horse, or packet sniffers. Port redirection attacks use a network adapter card in promiscuous mode to capture all network packets that are sent across a LAN.