Chapter 1: Race in the 21st Century

Which of the following best exemplifies the advice offered by the textbook authors on how whites can contribute to fighting racial injustice?

Join an antiracist group on campus to suggest improvements that would make residential life more inclusive

Which of the following statements about institutional racism is accurate?

Neither institutional or interpersonal racism is necessarily overt; both forms of racism often operate in the habitual commonsense and largely unconscious practices of daily life

Consider the following scenario: School board members are debating a policy change that would increase the police presence at the local high school. What course of action might a sociologist recommend before making a decision?

analyzing the factors that are of concern, including social and historical patterns

George's father is an African American, and his mother is white American. Mike's father is a white Italian, and his mother is white American. Why does Mike have a higher degree of fluidity and freedom when self-identifying ethnically?

because George's black identity is stigmatized

Two friends are arguing over the results of a recent NBA draft. Alex tells Jorge that his favorite team should have picked more black players because they naturally have more athletic skill and everyone knows "white men can't jump". Jorge calls Alex out for basing his argument on:

biological determinism

Race is often described as reference to__________, but there is much more genetic variation within____________ groups than between them.

biological markers, traditionally-defined racial groups

The Johnson-Reed Act of 1924, with its imposition of national quotas and racial restrictions, contributed to the racial order by:

distinguishing all Europeans as part of a white race, distinct from all those considered nonwhite

Raul is an African American, but he has many other social identities in addition to his racial identity. He is also a young, middle-class college student who identifies as bisexual. Rather than thinking of any particular racial group as a monolithic category, scholars who take an intersectional approach pay attention to:

how multiple dimensions in individual lives intersect

Although many people think of Tiger Woods as African American, he considers himself multiracial and as a child invented the term "Cablinasian" to describe himself. This example helps us understand the complex relationship between__________.

phenotype and culture

Sometimes speakers invoke examples of individuals - say, Madame C. J. Walker, Oprah Winfrey, or Barack Obama - to suggest that if these individuals were able to triumph over racial barriers, the path is clear for every one. What type of fallacy best describes such thinking?

tokenistic Fallacy