Chapter 1: Sociology Quiz Study Guide

Which of the following ideas is most characteristic of the functional point of view or paradigm?

A) There is a great deal of consensus about values and beliefs within society. B) Society is made up of integrated parts. C) Conflict is dysfunctional and something to be avoided. D) Major subgroups within society coexist in relative harmony.

True or False: Recognizing the complex interconnection between agency and social structure is often referred to as the psychological imagination.

False

The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior (or, the concept that the individual and society are inseparable) is referred to as:

Figuration

The recent decline in the proportion of babies named Karen is a good example of what basic sociological principle?

Parents do not make naming decisions in a social vacuum. They make them within a larger social context that influences their decisions.

Which of the following ideas is most characteristic of the conflict view of the social world?

Subgroups within society are in ruthless competition for important resources.

The difference between spit and saliva is a good example of:

The social construction of reality.

True or False: Those who work from the functionalist paradigm tend to assume that society is normally harmonious.

True

By which phrase did Karl Marx refer to the people who own the means of production?

bourgeoisie

The _____ was important in facilitating the emergence of sociology as a discipline because:

industrial revolution; led to the expansion of markets and trade.

For Marx, the single most important thing to know about a society in order to understand the social relations within it is:

its economic system

Berger writes that sociology:

makes the familiar strange

A basic tenet of or doctrine in sociology is that human behavior is:

shaped by social interaction.

The three main theoretical paradigms in sociology are:

structural-functionalism, symbolic interactionism and conflict theory

The sociological imagination encourages us to view divorce as:

the result of larger changes in families, law and culture

In which of the following areas of sociology has Marxist theory been most influential?

the study of social inequality