Chapter 10 and 11 Biology TEST NEXT MONDAY STUDY!!!!!!!

C

A bird that can easily outcompete other birds for food and that can produce many eggs has a high? a. life expectancy b. mutation rate c. fitness d. adaptability

C

All the individuals of species that live in a particular are called a.....? a. variation b. fossil c. population d. group

A

All the rabbits living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)....? a. population b. species c. fossil d. individual organism

A

Biogeography is the study of the.....? a. distribution of organisms around the world b. environments around the world c. different types of rocks around the world d. age of fossils around the world

D

Coevolution is a process in which two or more species.....? a. evolve similar characteristics in different habitats b. become increasingly different from each other c. become extinct and are lost permanently d. evolve in response to changes in each other

C

Fossil evidence shows that structures considered vestigial in living organisms....? a. are not found in ancient organisms b. have always been vestigial c. were useful to their ancestors d. do not fill gaps in the fossil record

D

In natural selection, the selective agent is the....? a. humans b. mutations c. breeders d. environment

B

Individuals that are well adapted to their environment will survive and produce....? a. fewer mutations b. more offspring c. stronger genes d. better traits

A

Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are....? a. heritable b. new c. mutated d. better

B

Over time, adaptations can lead populations to experience....? a. environmental changes b. genetic changes c. geologic changes d. extinctions

C

Paleontology is the study of.......? a. ecosystems b. genetics c. fossils d. rocks and minerals

D

Protein sequences in one organisms that resemble those of another suggest a......? a. coincidence b. lack of evolutionary relationship c. great number of mutations d. shared ancestry

D

Reproductive isolation occurs when.....? a. a small number of individuals moves and starts a new population b. some catastrophic event greatly reduces the size of a population c. the gene pools of different populations have become very diversified d. members of different populations can no longer mate successfully

C

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures. These are known as......? a. vestigial structures b. analogous structures c. homologous structures d. fossil structures

B

The combined alleles of all the individuals in a population is called the.....? a. phenotype b. gene pool c. mutation rate d. allele frequency

B

The development by scientists of a new color in a rose is the result of.....? a. natural selection b. artificial selection c. descent with modifications d. overproduction

D

The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group is called a(n).....? a. change b. adaption c. species d. variation

D

The hind leg bones shown in the whale in Figure 10.2 are examples of what? a. homologous structures b. analogous structures c. fossil structures d. vestigial structures

D

The movement of alleles from one population to another is called.....? a. founder effect b. microevolution c. genetic drift d. gene flow

A

The remnant of an organ that had function in an early ancestor is known as a(n).....? a. vestigial structure b. analogous structure c. homologous structure d. fossil structure

A

Two organisms that are closely related would have.....? a. very similar DNA sequences b. exactly the same DNA sequences c. no proteins in common d. completely different DNA sequences

A

Two species that are closely related become increasingly different through.....? a. divergent evolution b. disruptive selection c. convergent isolation d. competitive relationships

B

What are pseudogenes? a. cell structures that function like genes b. gene sequences that no longer function c. protein sequences that look like genes d. mutations in nucleotides

D

What are two main sources of genetic variation? a. mutations and extinction b. recombination and extinction c. recombination and reproduction d. mutations and recombination

C

What is the process in which humans breed organisms for certain traits? a. natural selection b. inheritance of acquired characteristics c. artificial selection d. descent without modification

B

What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environment? a. variation b. adaption c. homologous structure d. vestigial structure

B

What type of isolation occurs when the timing of reproduction is different between two populations? a. geographic b. temporal c. behavioral d. selective

B

What type of selection occurs when individuals in a population with the intermediate phenotype are selected for? a. directional selection b. stabilizing selection c. intermediate selection d. disruptive selection

A

When a few individuals start a new colony it most likely results in.....? a. genetic drift through the founder effect b. more variety in the new population c. extinction due to the bottleneck effect d. mutation due to disruptive selection

A

Which of the five factors that can lead to evolution would operate on a change in body color that enabled animals to better hide from predators? a. natural selection b. genetic drift c. sexual selection d. gene flow

B

Which of the following describes natural selection? a. It acts on genetic material directly b. It acts on existing physical traits c. It forms new traits d. It forms new genetic material

D

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure? a. the wings of red-tailed hawks b. the hind limbs of a house cat c. the fins of a shark d. the wings of an ostrich

A

Which scientist developed a classification system for organisms? a. Carolus Linnaeus b. Charles Darwin c. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck d. Georges L.L. de Buffon