Chapter 10 Quiz: Religion & Reform (missed 2/22~ 96.94%)

Why did so many reformers join the Temperance movement? Temperance was fueled by the American Bible Society and its printed tracts Temperance was mentioned in the Bible and most reformers were devout Christians Drinking alcohol was incompatible with Transcendentalism Alcoholism was believed to be the "gateway" to a variety of other societal problems, like prostitution, gambling, and crime

Alcoholism was believed to be the "gateway" to a variety of other societal problems, like prostitution, gambling, and crime

(t/f) The Abolition Movement was the largest American reform movement of the antebellum ("pre-war") period.

false

Many Europeans came to America practicing Calvinist Christianity, meaning that they followed the beliefs of John Calvin (1509-1564). Calvin had argued that only a small number of people were predestined, or "pre-selected" by God for heaven. This meant that whether they were good or bad in life, they were headed to heaven after death only if they had been predestined for it all along. Your authors argue that many Americans at this time began to reject the Calvinist doctrine that humans were born sinful and that only some were predestined for salvation. What did they believe instead? that only through social action and "good works" would they become predestined for heaven that they needed active participation on the part of priests to aid in their journeys to heaven that they were personally responsible for earning a place in heaven that there was nothing they could do to affect whether or not they were to heaven

that they were personally responsible for earning a place in heaven

Match the definition to its term. (1. gradual emancipation, 2. conditional emancipation, 3. anticolonization, 4. moral suasion, 5. immediatism, 6. abolitionism) 1. the appeal to Christian conscience used by abolitionists to change minds about slavery 2. the name of any of the plans to bring the practice of slavery to an end 3. the call for an abrupt and quick end to the practice of slavery 4. The idea that slaves though be emancipated along a steady schedule. This attitude towards abolition was popular in the early abolitionist movement 5. Supporters of this movement -- many middle-class evangelicals -- felt that black persons could be integrated into American society after emancipation. 6. the idea that slaves though be emancipated pursuant to particular conditions, like resettlement in another country, for example. This attitude towards abolition was popular in the early nineteenth century

1. 4 2. 6 3. 5 4. 1 5. 3 6. 2

Match the definition to its term. (1. Disestablishment, 2. The benevolent empire, 3. perfectionism, 4. disinterested benevolence, 5. postmillennialism, 6. temperance) 1. the movement against alcohol use 2. the preponderance of reform societies and programs in the US between 1815- and 1861 3. the belief that one should devote themselves to others 4. the disconnection of religion from the state that was brought about by the First Amendment 5. a belief in Christ's return which motivated many nineteenth-century folks to try to improve the world around them 6. the belief that humans can live lives free of sin; also the goal of creating God's kingdom on earth

1. temperance 2. the benevolent empire 3. disinterested benevolence 4. Disestablishment 5. postmillenialism 6. perfectionism

Match the women to her accomplishments. (1. Angelina Grimke, 2. Lucretia Mott, 3. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, 4. Catherine Beecher, 5. Mary Lyons, 6. Sojourner Truth) 1. She was involved in opposition to the Indian Removal Act as well as later abolitionist efforts. 2. Organized the Seneca Falls Convention with Elizabeth Cady Stanton 3. She is named but not described in this section. She gave a famous speech titled "Ain't I A Woman" in which she pointed out that black women should be given the same respect as white women by virtue of them all being women. 4. One of two sisters who left their plantation home to tour the North talking about the unjust treatment of slaves 5. Wrote the Declaration of Sentiments, modeled on the Declaration of Independence, which connected the liberties of women to those given to men. 6. She established Mount Holyoke Seminary and was an advocate for girls' education being just as rigorous as that for boys.

4 2 6 1 3 5

(GOT WRONG) The authors state that the reforms of this era were connected to European reform movements. Choose the TWO statements that best describe why this connection was true. Because religious connections through the Church of England and Episcopal Church had kept missionary reformers in touch Because both societies were facing the effects of rapid industrialization, urban growth, and entanglements with slave economies Because all of the people involved were speaking English Because European and American religious and intellectual circles were completely different, but began to talk to one another at this time Because Anglo-Americans face the same issues, no matter where they live Because the American and British intelligentsia (educated classes) had been in touch through letter-writing and publishing networks since before the American Revolution

Because religious connections through the Church of England and Episcopal Church had kept missionary reformers in touch Because both societies were facing the effects of rapid industrialization, urban growth, and entanglements with slave economies

Choose the statement below that describes the relationship between evangelical Christianity during and after the Second Great Awakening and major social problems like growing urban populations, slavery, and inequality. Evangelicals ignored all of these problems. Earthly issues did not distract them from their heavenly goals which were personal, not social. Evangelicals were actively engaged to bring a moral voice into conversations about society. Many were abolitionists, for example. Only the Unitarian Universalists were interested in social issues

Evangelicals were actively engaged to bring a moral voice into conversations about society. Many were abolitionists, for example.

Choose from the statements below the one that best describes William Lloyd Garrison's perspective on the abolition of slavery. Garrison was a leader in the plan to emancipate slaves pursuant to their relocation in Africa. He traveled to Britain in order to work with abolitionists there to fund raise for a recolonization program. Garrison was an abolitionist who believed that moral suasion was an impossible ideal. Instead, political means would be necessary to bring about the emancipation of slaves. He joined James G. Birney in the establishment of the Liberty Party. Garrison was an immediatist who argued for the abolition of slavery on Christian grounds. He believed the U.S. Constitution to be a pro-slavery document that needed to be rewritten in order to create new start for an America with people of all races.

Garrison was an immediatist who argued for the abolition of slavery on Christian grounds. He believed the U.S. Constitution to be a pro-slavery document that needed to be rewritten in order to create new start for an America with people of all races.

The authors state that the Baptist and Methodist traditions offered women new opportunities for religious participation at this time. They state, however, that these new opportunities were not permanent but went away over time. Why? Methodist and Baptist ministers changed their minds about female participation based on Biblical principles Racial integration became a more important issue for Baptists and Methodists Radical movements often seek to be seen as respectable, and they calm down after a while

Radical movements often seek to be seen as respectable, and they calm down after a while

The authors broach an irony in this section. What is it? That even though white women were considered the moral compasses of society, they were confined to the home and to domestic work That even though white women were confined to the domestic sphere they nevertheless used their role as moral "influencers" to be greater actors in the public sphere than ever before That even though white women were allowed to vote, they lobbied actively against expanding that right to black women That even though white women were confined to the domestic sphere, they were allowed to do mission work if accompanied by men

That even though white women were confined to the domestic sphere they nevertheless used their role as moral "influencers" to be greater actors in the public sphere than ever before

The answer to this question is not in your reading. Read carefully and think about it. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 increased the punishments of those who failed to turn in runaway slaves. Southerners largely supported it; many Northerners disliked it. Which group would oppose this law based on the grounds of "state's rights"? (the argument that states should have the right to disagree with a federal law)? The North The South

The North

Were the revivals and camp meetings of the Second Great Awakening a conservative backlash to modern living or a radical reaction to the changes in American society? To answer, choose the statement below that best describes the Second Great Awakening. The Second Great Awakening was a conservative backlash to modern living. Preachers sought to take Americans back to an earlier form of Christian practice and turn away from modern life. The Second Great Awakening was a radical reaction to the changes in American society. Preachers sought to connect sleepy Christians to a more passionate way of thinking about their relationship to God. They needed to abandon traditional morals in search of new ones. The Second Great Awakening was definitely a reaction to modern life but it was not entirely conservative in nature. Preachers sought to connect sleepy Christians to a more passionate way of thinking about their relationship to God, but also one that preached a moral order to the world.

The Second Great Awakening was definitely a reaction to modern life but it was not entirely conservative in nature. Preachers sought to connect sleepy Christians to a more passionate way of thinking about their relationship to God, but also one that preached a moral order to the world.

By the nineteenth century the Enlightenment is over, but the spirit of Enlightenment is alive and well. Choose from the following statements the one that best describes what I mean by "the spirit of Enlightenment." The idea that human society can be changed to look more heavenly and perfect The idea that human societies must return to essential and original meanings and ways of living The idea that human institutions and conditions can be improved The idea that people need to move away from religion and towards atheism

The idea that human institutions and conditions can be improved

The Mormons, the Shakers, and the followers of John Noyes at the Oneida community seem like a random grouping, but what do they all have in common? They all challenged social traditions in the name of religion. They all practiced polygamy. They were all restorationists. They were all egalitarian, offering women the same roles in society as men

They all challenged social traditions in the name of religion.

(GOT WRONG) Choose from the list below all of the statements that are true about Transcendentalism. Transcendentalists believed that God is within the individual Transcendentalists believed that each soul is predestined for heaven The Transcendentalists are like Christian evangelicals at this time in that they devote their time to curing social issues Transcendentalists felt that people were connected to nature and the divine Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau are the two main figures to associate with Transcendentalism Transcendentalism includes human reason, but also makes room for the human experiences which cannot be explained by reason Transcendentalism had its roots in Romantic-era thought and the philosophy of German idealism. Transcendentalism relies only on logic and rationality Transcendentalism began with a group of people at Princeton University

Transcendentalists believed that God is within the individual The Transcendentalists are like Christian evangelicals at this time in that they devote their time to curing social issues Transcendentalists felt that people were connected to nature and the divine Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau are the two main figures to associate with Transcendentalism Transcendentalism includes human reason, but also makes room for the human experiences which cannot be explained by reason Transcendentalism had its roots in Romantic-era thought and the philosophy of German idealism.

Catherine Beecher's participation in opposition to Indian removal is a reminder that women had political roles during this time period. Choose the statement that best describes their role. Women could be educated and could vote if they had a college degree Women could not vote but formed networks of reform as moral leaders of their communities Women were allowed to be leaders in church missions Women were allowed to aim for perfectionism, but only in certain denominations of Christianity

Women could not vote but formed networks of reform as moral leaders of their communities

What do historians mean when they say there was a "spiritual marketplace" in America at this time? because the state did not endorse or support any one church, people had the ability to "shop" for the churches that appealed to them. churches did not have to pay taxes people began to reject the Calvinist doctrine that humans were born sinful and that only some were predestined for salvation people had to pay to attend church

because the state did not endorse or support any one church, people had the ability to "shop" for the churches that appealed to them.

The authors of your text write that most reform movements were successful but that the "benevolent empire" was unable to bring about change in one area. Choose the area in which reformers were NOT successful. in the education of Native Americans through mission work in their opposition to Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830 in the conversion of the Cherokee to Christianity in their support forabolitionism

in their opposition to Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830

Which group devoted the most time and energy to reform campaigns at this time? middle class white women white people of the middle class middle class men women of all races

middle class white women

(t/f) "Restorationists" are Christians who sought to recreate the Christianity of the early centuries. They believed that over the centuries the church had become corrupt but that the early church was pure.

true

(t/f) Many of the women who advocated for women's rights during the 19th century were also involved in the abolitionist movement.

true