Chapter 11 And 24 fro A&P
Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid to soften food? a) Teeth b) Salivary glands c) Liver d) Gallbladder e) Pharynx
B
Which of the following is the principle bile pigment? a) Stercobilin b) Bilirubin c) Biliverdin d) Both Stercobilin and Bilirubin e) All of these choices
B
Which of the following is the strongest muscle of mastication? a) buccinator b) masseter c) temporalis d) medial pterygoid e) lateral pterygoid
B
Which of the following may be used to treat urinary stress incontinence? a) an episiotomy b) Kegel exercises c) RICE therapy d) faciotomy e) prosthetic shoe inserts
B
Which of the following muscles would adduct the arm by acting on the humerus? a) deltoid b) pectoralis major c) supraspinatus d) infraspinatus e) teres minor
B
Which of the following muscles would be needed to flex (curl) the toes? a) extensor digitorum brevis and abductor hallucis b) flexor digitorum brevis and abductor digiti minimi c) lumbricals and abductor hallucis d) plantar interossei and flexor digitorum brevis e) extensor hallucis brevis and extensor digitorum brevis
B
Which of the following perineal muscles is involved with erection of the penis in males, and of the clitoris in females? a) levator ani b) bulbospongiosus c) superficial transverse perineal d) deep transverse perineal e) sphincter urethrovaginalis
B
Which of the following terms that can be used to name a muscle, implies that the muscle is diamond-shaped? a) deltoid b) rhomboid c) gracilis d) brevis e) tensor
B
Which plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the muscularis? a) ENS b) Myenteric plexus c) Submucosal plexus d) Digestive plexus e) Absorption plexus
B
Which portion of the peritoneum attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm? a) Greater omentum b) Falciform ligament c) Lesser omentum d) Mesentery e) Mesocolon
B
_____ stimulates increased secretion of pancreatic juice that is rich in bicarbonate ions. a) Gastrin b) Secretin c) Cholecystokinin d) Pepsin e) Somatostatin
B
The gastrocolic reflex a) initiates mass peristalsis. b) intensifies peristalsis in the ileum. c) forces chyme into the cecum. d) is initiated by secretion of gastrin. e) occurs segmentally in the haustra.
A
All of the following may occur in the digestive system as a result of aging EXCEPT a) decreased incidence of appendicitis and acute pancreatitis. b) decreased response to pain and internal sensations. c) increased incidence of duodenal ulcers. d) dysregulated neurosensory Learning Objective. e) decreased sensitivity to mouth irritations and ulcers.
A
Contraction of this muscle presses the cheeks against the teeth and lips as would be observed in whistling, blowing or sucking. a) buccinator b) zygomaticus c) frontalis d) epicranius e) occipitalis
A
Deciduous molars are replaced by a) Bicuspids b) Molars c) Incisors d) Canines e) Wisdom teeth
A
Hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor are secreted in the stomach by a) parietal cells. b) chief cells. c) G cells. d) mucous neck cells. e) surface mucous cells.
A
Protrusion of an organ through a structure that normally contains it is referred to as a a) hernia. b) goiter. c) strain. d) sprain. e) hydrocele.
A
The central tendon is an aponeurosis of the __________, and it fuses to the inferior portion of the pericardium (membrane covering the heart), and pleura (membrane covering each lung). a) diaphragm b) rectus abdominis c) transversus abdominis d) internal intercostals e) innermost intercostals
A
The myenteric plexus a) controls the contractile strength and frequency of the muscularis. b) supplies the secretory cells of the mucosal epithelium. c) contains sensory neurons which function as chemoreceptors. d) regulates secretion by gastrointestinal organs. e) supplies the mucosal epithelium.
A
This muscle, which is found in the neck, functions to elevate the hyoid bone and help press the tongue against the roof of the mouth during swallowing. a) mylohyoid b) sternothryroid c) sternocleidomastoid d) digastric e) masseter
A
This type of fascicle arrangement has the fascicles spread over a broad area and converges at a thick central tendon. a) triangular b) pennate c) circular d) fusiform e) multipennate
A
Which major duct carries a fluid rich in bicarbonate ions? a) Pancreatic duct b) Hepatopancreatic duct c) Cystic duct d) Bile duct e) Hepatic duct
A
Which muscle would be important to a ballerina's ability to plantar flex the foot (commonly called "pointing the toes")? a) soleus b) flexor hallucis longus c) tibialis posterior d) popliteus e) extensor digitorum longus
A
Which of following processes is the primary function of the mouth? a) Ingestion b) Secretion c) Mixing and propulsion d) Absorption e) None of these choices
A
Which of the following enzymes acts to produce monoglycerides as one product? a) Lipase b) Amylase c) Trypsin d) Phosphatase e) Ligase
A
Which of the following is a muscle whose insertion is found on the clavicle and acromion process of the scapula within the pectoral girdle? a) trapezius b) pectoralis major c) latissimus dorsi d) gracilus e) sartorius
A
Which of the following is an example of a first class lever in action? a) raising (extending) the head on the vertebral column b) raising the forearm by contracting the biceps brachii c) raising the heel of the foot off the floor to stand on the ball of the foot
A
Which of the following is the forerunner of the gastrointestinal tract? a) primitive gut b) foregut c) midgut d) hindgut e) endoderm
A
Which of the following muscles is known as the "tailor's muscle" because it helps you cross your legs so that you could sit with the heel of one limb resting on the knee of the other limb (in centuries past, sitting with crossed legs was the way tailor's, makers of clothing, would sit to do their sewing). a) sartorius b) gracilis c) adductor longus d) vastus intermedius e) semitendinosus
A
Which of the following muscles that assist with mastication is not innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal (V) nerve? a) buccinator b) masseter c) temporalis d) medial pterygoid e) lateral pterygoid
A
Which of the following pancreatic enzymes acts on peptide bonds? a) Chymotrypsin b) Amylase c) Pepsin d) Phosphatase e) Nucleosidase
A
Which of the following represents the correct list of superficial anterior (flexor) compartment muscles from lateral to medial? a) flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis (deep to other three muscles) b) flexor digitorum profundus, flexor policis longus c) extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris d) abductor policis longus, extensor policis brevis, extensor policis longus, extensor indicis
A
Which of the following statements is FALSE? a) The upper esophageal sphincter contains smooth muscle. b) The upper esophageal sphincter controls movement of food from the pharynx into the esophagus. c) The lower esophageal sphincter contains smooth muscle. d) The lower esophageal sphincter controls movement of food from the esophagus into the stomach. e) Gastroesophageal reflex disease may be due to a defect in the lower esophageal sphincter.
A
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? a) The tongue is considered part of the alimentary canal since it comes into contact with food. b) The teeth come into contact with food, but are still considered accessory digestive organs. c) The salivary glands come into contact with food, and provide digestive enzymes. d) Although it is a hollow organ, the gallbladder does not come into contact with food but does secrete bile. e) The liver is considered to be part of the gastrointestinal tract since it produces secretions that flow into the small intestine.
A
Which one of the following muscles that move the scapula is innervated by the Accessory (XI) nerve? a) trapezius b) levator scapulae c) serratus anterior d) pectoralis minor e) rhomboid major and minor
A
Which portion of the peritoneum drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine? a) Greater omentum b) Falciform ligament c) Lesser omentum d) Mesentery e) Mesocolon
A
Which type of hepatitis is spread via fecal contamination of objects such as food, clothing, toys, and eating utensils and is characterized by loss of appetite, malaise, nausea, diarrhea, fever, and chills. a) Hepatitis A b) Hepatitis B c) Hepatitis C d) Hepatitis D e) Hepatitis E
A
A condition where the two eyeballs are not properly aligned is referred to as a) inguinal hernia. b) strabismus. c) presbyopia. d) myopia. e) hypermetropia.
B
A muscle that has three origins is called a a) biceps. b) triceps. c) quadriceps. d) deltoid. e) trapezius
B
How many stages of deglutition are there? a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5 e) 8
B
If one is stabbed on the lateral side of the abdomen, what abdominal muscles, in order from superficial to deep, will the knife go through? a) rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique b) external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis c) transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis, external oblique d) external oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis e) internal oblique, transversus abdominis, external oblique
B
In a hiatus hernia, the stomach protrudes through which opening of the diaphragm? a) the caval opening b) the esophageal hiatus c) the mediastinum d) the aortic hiatus e) the inguinal hiatus
B
In order from the small intestine to the anus, the major regions of the large intestine are a) ascending colon, sigmoid colon, transverse colon, descending colon, cecum, rectum, anal canal b) cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal c) ascending colon, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, descending colon, cecum, anal canal, rectum d) cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, anal canal, rectum e) ascending colon, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, descending colon, anal canal, cecum, rectum
B
Most muscles cross at least one a) tendon b) joint c) bone d) ligament e) body plane
B
Muscle fascicles can be arranged in one of several patterns. Which of the following patterns is not an example of the arrangement of fascicles in a muscle? a) pennate b) elliptical c) fusiform d) triangular e) circular
B
Peristalsis in the small intestine a) is also known as segmentation. b) is a series of migrating motility complexes. c) mixes chyme with digestive enzymes. d) A and B are correct. e) A, B, and C are correct.
B
The __________ muscle(s) is (are) the primary extensor muscle(s) of the vertebral column. a) transversospinales b) erector spinae c) spinalis thoracis d) scalene group e) rotators
B
The enterogastric reflex a) is stimulated by the presence of chyme in the stomach b) is stimulated by the presence of chyme in the duodenum. c) results in decreased contraction of the pyloric sphincter. d) increases gastric emptying. e) is the result of parasympathetic stimulation.
B
The esophageal epithlelium is comprised of ________, while the epithelium of the stomach is comprised of ______________. a) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium which helps move the bolus; stratified squamous epithelium which helps protect against acid. b) stratified squamous epithelium which helps protect against friction; simple columnar epithelium which provides secretion and some protection. c) simple columnar epithelium which provides secretion and some protection; simple columnar epithelium which provides secretion and some protection. d) stratified squamous epithelium which helps protect against friction; stratified squamous epithelium which helps protect against friction e) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium which helps move the bolus; simple squamous epithelium which aids in absorption of nutrients
B
The parotid glands are found a) in the tongue. b) between the skin and the masseter muscle. c) in the floor of the mouth. d) beneath the tongue. e) in the palate.
B
The pharynx is part of both the ___ and the ___ organ systems. a) digestive and muscular b) digestive and respiratory c) respiratory and muscular d) digestive and endocrine e) digestive and skeletal
B
This muscle group makes up the posterior compartment (a group of muscles, nerves and blood vessels with a similar purpose)of the thigh, and is innervated by branches of the sciatic nerve). This group is also a powerful extensor of the thigh. a) quadriceps femoris b) hamstrings c) adductors magnus, longus and brevis d) obturator externus, and superior and inferior gemellus e) iliopsoas muscle
B
Which hormone functions to counteract the effect of gastric acid in the small intestine? a) Pepsin b) Secretin c) Gastrin d) Cholecystokinin e) Amylase
B
Which intrinsic muscle of the hand allows us to move our thumb so that we can oppose (touch) the tip of the other four fingers of the hand? a) abductor policis brevis b) opponens pollicis c) flexor policis brevis d) adductor policis e) opponens digiti minimi
B
Which list includes the muscles responsible for moving the eyeballs and eyelids? a) orbicularis oculi, zygomaticus minor, temporalis b) inferior oblique, superior rectus, levator palpebrae c) rectus abdominus, internal oblique, transverse abdominus d) sternocleidomastoid, digastric, mylohyoid e) splenius capitis, teres major, infraspinatus
B
A child who doesn't get his or her way, in addition to pouting, may also stick out (protract) the chin. Which muscle(s) allow a child to protract the chin? a) masseter and buccinator b) buccinator and digastrics c) medial and lateral pterygoid d) masseter and temporalis e) medial pterygoid and temporalis
C
A muscle that acts as a __________ stabilizes the origin of the prime mover so that the prime mover may act more efficiently. a) antagonist b) abductor c) fixator d) synergist e) agonist
C
Brunner's glands a) Secrete an acidic mucus b) Secrete an alkaline juice c) Secrete an alkaline mucus d) Secrete an acidic juice
C
Carpal tunnel syndrome involves compression of what nerve as it passes through the narrow passageway formed anteriorly by the flexor retinaculum and posteriorly by the carpal bones? a) ulnar nerve b) radial nerve c) median nerve d) deep radial nerve e) axillary nerve
C
If you wished to evert the foot (turn the sole of the foot outward or laterally), which muscle below would you need to contract? a) tibialis anterior b) extensor digitorum longus c) fibularis longus d) gastrocnemius e) soleus
C
In the mouth, the tooth sockets are lined with a) Gingivae b) Cementum c) Periodontal ligament d) Pulp e) Root
C
Muscles act on bones to produce movement. The bones act as levers and the joints act as __________. a) the load b) the resistance c) the fulcrum d) the force e) the effort
C
Muscles of the ____ assist in urination, defecation, erection of the penis or clitoris, and ejaculation. a) thorax b) abdomen c) perineum d) vertebral column e) none of these choices
C
Ross is in a car accident, and experiences damage to the trigeminal (V) nerve. Which action will possibly be affected by this trauma? 1. lateral movement of the eye 2. blinking of the eyelids 3. chewing food 4. puckering of the lips a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 4 only e) both 3 & 4 will be affected
C
Sympathetic nerve impulses a) promote continuous secretion of a moderate amount of saliva. b) stimulate production of saliva in response to the feel and taste of food. c) decreases salivation in times of stress. d) promote continuous secretion of a moderate amount of saliva and stimulate production of saliva in response to the feel and taste of food are both correct. e) promote continuous secretion of a moderate amount of saliva, stimulate production of saliva in response to the feel and taste of food, and decreases salivation in times of stress are all correct.
C
The muscles of the pelvic floor originate on the pubis and __________, and insert onto soft tissues and the __________. a) anterior inferior iliac spine / ischial spine b) posterior superior iliac spine / sacrum c) ischial spine / coccyx d) sacrum / coccyx e) anterior inferior iliac spine / coccyx
C
This muscle is a prime mover (agonist) in extending the fingers. a) extensor carpi radialis longus b) extensor carpi radialis brevis c) extensor digitorum d) extensor digiti minimi e) extensor carpi ulnaris
C
This of the following structures is found on the liver and is a remnant of the umbilical cord in a fetus? a) Coronary ligament b) Falciform ligament c) Round ligament d) Kupffer ligament e) Bile ductules
C
What is the most common class of levers found in the body? a) first class lever b) second class lever c) third class lever
C
Which of the following is NOT a common arrangement of muscle fascicles? a) pennate b) triangular c) oval d) parallel e) fusiform
C
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver? a) Conversion of carbohydrates b) Protein metabolism c) Storage of bilirubin d) Phagocytosis e) Storage of vitamins
C
Which of the following muscles act to stabilize the scapula, and would also, when contracted, pull the shoulders back (like a soldier at attention)? 1. trapezius 2. levator scapulae 3. rhomboid major and minor a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1& 2 e) 2 & 4
C
Which of the following muscles is "short?" a) levator scapulae b) vastus lateralis c) adductor brevis d) tensor fasciae latae e) extensor carpi ulnaris
C
Which of the following muscles of the thorax is known as the "boxer's muscle" because of its role in moving the arm to make a punching motion? a) levator scapulae b) trapezius c) serratus anterior d) pectoralis minor e) rhomboid major
C
Which of the following nerves controls most of the muscles of the tongue? a) trigeminal (V) nerve b) facial (VII) nerve c) hypoglossal (XII) nerve d) C1-C3 of the spinal nerves e) trochlear (IV) nerve
C
Which of the following pairs of muscles inserts onto the olecranon of the ulna? a) brachialis and anconeus b) triceps brachii and pronator teres c) triceps brachii and anconeus d) biceps brachii and brachialis e) pronator teres and pronator quadratus
C
Which of the following pancreatic enzymes digests lipids? a) Trypsin b) Elastase c) Lipase d) Pepsin e) All of these choices
C
Which of the following statements is not true about the gluteus maximus? a) it can act to extend the torso, which is an example of reverse muscle action (RMA) b) in RMA, the insertion of this muscle is on the pelvic girdle rather than on the femur c) extension of the torso occurs wh en one is bowing, as an actor after a performance d) it is the largest of the gluteal muscles e) is the prime mover for extension of the femur
C
Which structure is composed of prominent lymphatic nodules that function in the immune response? a) Mucosa b) Lamina propria c) MALT d) Submucosa e) Serosa
C
Why do emotions such as anger or fear slow digestion? a) Because they stimulate the parasympathetic nerves supplying the GI tract b) Because they stimulate the somatic nerves that supply the GI tract c) Because they stimulate the sympathetic nerves that supply the GI tract d) They do not affect digestion e) Because all emotions are controlled by the Vagus nerve
C
You absolutely love plain, unsweetened whipped cream and you have eaten a cup of it by itself. Which of the following enzymes would be most useful in digesting this snack? a) pancreatic amylase b) aminopeptidase c) gastric lipase d) pepsin e) deoxyribonuclease
C
A lever is acted on at two different points by two different forces which are called the a) fulcrum and resistance. b) leverage and load. c) lever and resistance. d) effort and load. e) lever and effort.
D
A muscle that decreases the size of an opening is a a) rotator. b) tensor. c) pronator. d) sphincter. e) depressor.
D
All of the following are muscles that move the eyeball EXCEPT a) superior rectus. b) lateral rectus. c) inferior oblique. d) internal oblique. e) superior oblique
D
Deglutition describes a) formation of a bolus before swallowing. b) chewing of food. c) the teeth and associated structures. d) the act of swallowing. e) enzymatic digestion of food in the mouth.
D
Exercise can produce a fashionable "six pack" of toned muscles. Which of the following muscles is involved in giving the appearance of this defined pack of muscles? a) external oblique b) internal oblique c) transversus abdominis d) rectus abdominis e) serratus anterior
D
Gastrin 1. stimulates secretion of large amounts of gastric juice. 2. strengthens contraction of the lower esophageal sphincter. 3. secretion is stimulated by low pH and inhibited by high pH. a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 2 are correct. e) 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
D
Improper lifting of a heavy load (such as trying to lift a box of books from its position on the floor), is most likely to cause painful back spasms in which muscle(s)? a) splenius capitis b) splenius cervicis c) longissimus thoracis d) erector spinae e) scalene
D
Negatively charged ions such as bicarbonate, chloride, iodide, and nitrate may be absorbed by 1. active transport . 2. passively following sodium ions. 3. passively following water through osmosis. a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 2 are correct. e) 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
D
Pancreatic juice does all of the following EXCEPT a) buffer gastric juice. b) provide protein-digesting enzymes in inactive form. c) provide starch-digesting enzymes. d) provide glucagon. e) stop the action of pepsin.
D
Skeletal muscle is found in the muscularis of the ___________, but not in the muscularis of the ________________. a) laryngopharynx; superior portion of the esophagus. b) tongue; oropharynx. c) inferior portion of the esophagus; laryngopharynx. d) middle portion of the esophagus; small intestine e) small intestine; laryngopharynx.
D
The mesentery a) binds the transverse and sigmoid colon to the posterior abdominal wall. b) attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm. c) drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine. d) extends from the posterior wall to wrap around the small intestine. e) suspends the stomach and duodenum from the liver.
D
The rectus femoris of the upper leg is an example of what type of fascicle arrangement? a) fusiform b) triangular c) pennate d) bipennate e) multipennate
D
This type of muscle works by stabilizing the origin of the agonist so that it can act more efficiently. a) synergist b) agonist c) antagonist d) fixator e) secondary mover
D
To turn a doorknob to the right, which muscle(s) of the forearm would you use? a) anconeus b) brachioradialis c) pronator teres d) supinator e) pronator quadratus
D
Where does the tibialis anterior insert onto the foot? a) by means of the calcaneal tendon b) the interosseus membrane c) the distal phalanx of the great toe d) the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform e) the base of the fifth metatarsal
D
Which hormone is stimulated by high levels of dietary fat in the small intestine? a) Pepsin b) Secretin c) Gastrin d) Cholecystokinin e) Amylase
D
Which of the following accessory organs stores bile? a) Teeth b) Salivary glands c) Liver d) Gallbladder e) Pharynx
D
Which of the following extrinsic eye muscles would make it possible for you to look upward (elevation of the eyeball)? 1. superior rectus 2. inferior rectus 3. inferior oblique a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 3 e) 2 and 3
D
Which of the following muscles abducts the arm and also has an origin on the clavicle? a) pectoralis major b) subclavius c) pectoralis minor d) deltoid e) subscapularis
D
Which of the following muscles have an insertion on the xiphoid process? 1. rectus abdominis 2. internal and external obliques 3. transversus abdominis a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 3 e) 2 and 3
D
Which of the following muscles is (are) not a component of the pelvic diaphragm? a) levator ani b) pubococcygeus c) iliococcygeus d) bulbospongiosus e) ischiococcygeus
D
Which of the following muscles would adduct the thigh when contracted? a) gluteus medius b) tensor fasciae latae c) quadratus femoris d) pectineus e) rectus femoris
D
Which of the following pairs of muscles are agonist-antagonists (that is, one flexes and the other extends) the forearm? a) biceps brachii and brachioradialis b) brachialis and brachioradialis c) triceps brachii and anconeus d) biceps brachii and triceps brachii e) anconeus and supinator
D
Which of the following processes is the primary function of the villi of the small intestine? a) Ingestion b) Secretion c) Mixing and propulsion d) Absorption e) None of these choices
D
Which of the following small intestine cells secrete lysozyme? a) Goblet cells b) Absorptive cells c) Mucosa cells d) Paneth cells e) S cells
D
Which of these abdominal muscles does not flex or rotate the vertebral column? a) rectus abdominis b) internal oblique c) external oblique d) transversus abdominis e) quadratus lumborum
D
Which structure of the stomach allows greater distension for food storage? a) Cardia b) Fundus c) Pylorus d) Rugae e) Sphincter
D
Which term best applies to a muscle that acts to move a bone away from the midline of the body? a) oblique b) synergist c) flexor d) abductor e) adductor
D
______ is a muscle that stabilizes the proximal end of a limb, while other muscles produce movement at the distal end of the same limb. a) prime mover (agonist) b) antagonist c) synergist d) fixator e) flexor
D
1. Smooth muscle is found in "A" and "C." 2. Both aerolar connective tissue and epithelium may be found in "A" and "D" but not in "B." 3. Lymphatic tissue may be found in "A" and "B." a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1 and 2 are correct. e) 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
E
A muscle that raises or elevates a body part is called a a) pronator. b) tensor. c) flexor. d) depressor. e) levator.
E
Following a serious ear infection, Rosa develops paralysis on one side of her face. Her mouth and eyelids droop on that side. She can't raise her eyebrow or pucker her lips on the affected side either. Which of the following statements are correct about Rosa's condition? 1. she has a condition known as Bell's Palsy 2. her trochlear nerve (IV) is affected 3. her trigeminal nerve (V) is affected 4. her facial nerve (VII) is affected a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 4 only e) 1 and 4
E
How long can food stay in the fundus before being mixed with gastric juices? a) 10 minutes b) 20 minutes c) 30 minutes d) 45 minutes e) 1 hour
E
Most proteins are absorbed as amino acids through __________, while dietary lipids are absorbed through ___________. a) facilitated diffusion; active transport b) active transport; facilitated diffusion c) facilitated diffusion; simple diffusion d) simple diffusion; active transport e) active transport; simple diffusion
E
The bacteria in the large intestine a) ferment carbohydrates. b) convert proteins to amino acids. c) result in formation of indoles and skatoles. d) decompose bilirubin to stercobilin. e) All of these choices are correct.
E
The capability of the GI tract to move material along its length is called 1. Motility 2. Propulsion 3. Digestion 4. Defecation a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 4 only e) Both 1 and 2
E
The extrinsic muscles of the tongue have their origins on which of the following bones of the skull? 1. hyoid 2. maxilla 3. temporal 4. mandible a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 4 only e) 1, 3 and 4
E
The linea alba is made up of what structures? 1. the aponeurosis of the rectus abdominis 2. the aponeurosis of the transversus abdominis 3. the aponeurosis of the internal and external obliques a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1, 2 & 3 e) 2 & 3
E
The pharyngeal phase of swallowing a) begins when the tongue thrusts the bolus into the oral cavity. b) is voluntary c) ends when the esophagus closes off the larynx. d) begins when the soft palate and uvula close off the nasopharynx. e) begins when the bolus enters the oropharynx.
E
The teniae coli are a) pouches in the large intestine. b) located at the bottom of the intestinal glands. c) structures which increase the surface area of the large intestine. d) small pouches of visceral peritoneum filled with fat. e) thickened portions of the longitudinal muscles of the muscularis.
E
The thenar eminence is a raised and rounded area on the palm of the hand that is associated with what digit? a) the index finger (finger 2) b) the middle finger (finger 3) c) the ring finger (finger 4) d) the little finger (finger 5) e) the thumb
E
This group of back muscles have their origins on the cervical vertebra, and insert on the first or second ribs. Their action is to elevate these ribs during deep inhalation. a) iliocostalis group b) transversospinales c) spinalis group d) splenius muscles e) scalenes
E
When the term rectus appears in the name of a muscle, it indicates that a) it is a relatively small muscle b) it is a relatively large muscle c) it is circular in shape d) it is flat in shape e) the muscle fascicles run parallel to the midline of the body
E
Which list includes muscles that are responsible for facial expressions? a) deltoid, pectoralis major, serratus anterior b) rectus abdominis, internal oblique, transversus abdominis c) serratus anterior, external intercostals, internal intercostals d) levator scapulae, rhomboid minor, subscapularis e) zygomaticus major, risorius, platysma
E
Which of the following correctly details the flow of blood through the liver to the inferior vena cava? a) hepatic artery > liver sinusoids > central vein > hepatic vein > hepatic portal vein b) hepatic artery > hepatic portal vein > liver sinusoids > central vein > hepatic vein c) hepatic artery > central vein > hepatic portal vein > liver sinusoids > hepatic vein d) hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein > liver sinsoids > central vein > hepatic vein e) hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein > liver sinusoids > central vein > hepatic vein
E
Which of the following is NOT a change in the digestive system associated with aging? a) Decreased secretory mechanisms b) Decreased motility of the digestive organs c) Loss of strength and tone of the muscular tissue d) changes in neurosensory feedback regarding enzyme and hormone release e) All of these are age related changes in the digestive system.
E
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic commonly used to name skeletal muscles? a) Size b) Shape c) Number of origins d) Sites of origins e) Thickness of fibers
E
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the large intestine? a) Mechanical digestion b) Chemical digestion c) Absorption d) Feces formation e) Regulation of blood glucose
E
Which of the following is not one of the quadriceps femoris group of muscles? 1. gracilis 2. sartorius 3. vastus medialis 4. vastus lateralis a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 4 only e) 1 and 3
E
Which of the following muscles act(s) to increase the size of the thoracic cavity during inhalation? 1. diaphragm 2. external intercostals 3. internal intercostals a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1, 2 & 3 e) 1 and 2
E
Which of the following perineal muscle(s) is (are) not innervated by the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve of the sacral plexus? 1. external urethral sphincter 2. deep transverse perineal muscle 3. external anal sphincter a) 1 only b) 2 only c) 3 only d) 1, 2 & 3 e) 1 and 3
E
Which of the following statements is correct about the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles? a) acting together, the SCM muscles flex the head at the cervical portion of the vertebral column b) acting individually, an SCM muscle turns the head (flexes and rotates) c) it is innervated by both the accessory (XI) nerve, C2, and C3 d) it originates on the manubrium of the sternum, and the medial third of the clavicle e) all of these are correct statements
E
Which portion of the peritoneum is largely responsible for carrying blood and lymph vessels to the intestines? a) Greater omentum b) Falciform ligament c) Lesser omentum d) Mesentery e) Mesocolon
E
Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid that functions to emulsify dietary fats? a) Teeth b) Salivary glands c) Liver d) Gallbladder e) Pharynx
c