Chapter 11 Art Vocab

Figures project minimally, as on a coin, aka low relief

bas - relief

The artworks of _______________ and Jean-Claude are intended as works that have as the subject matter the entire process of the project, to bring together a temporary community of people focused on a particular idea, and are intended to be temporary and transitory.

Christo

notable artist who "wraps" projects.

Christo

A pose that suggests the potential for movement, and thus life, in a standing human figure.

Contrapposto

Christo's partner

Jeanne Claude

The Dying Slave clearly utilizes the contrapposto stance was created by the Renaissance artist ________________________.

Michaelangelo

The term ___________________ may be used to refer to the depth of the forms in a coin.

bas - relief

_______________________ is a sculptural process of bringing together individual pieces, segments, or objects to form a sculpture.

assemblage

The technique of creating a sculpture by grouping or piecing together distinct elements, as opposed to casting, modeling, or carving

assembling

Bas-relief is a term indicating that a sculpture can be described by parts of the surface of the work project slightly from the ____________________ of the work.

background

In sculpture, a subtractive technique in which a mass of material such as stone or wood is shaped by cutting and / or abrasion

carving

Wood and stone are the principal materials for ______________.

carving

The process of making a sculpture or some other object by pouring a liquid into a mold, letting it harden, and then releasing it

casting

When you pour a liquid, such as Jell-O, into a shaped container to become firm, you are using a _______________________ process.

casting

Sculptors will often create a "sketch" out of _____________ to test ideas before proceeding to their medium of choice.

clay

Art, generally large in scale, made in a landscape from natural elements found there, such as rocks and dirt.

earthwork

Serpent Mound and Spiral Jetty are known as _____________________.

earthworks

Sculptures that are earthworks, installations, or site specific.

environmental sculpture

Andy Goldsworthy is a sculptor who only uses the lost wax casting method.

false

Contrapposto (meaning counter poise or counterbalance) was developed by ancient Egyptians as a pose for sculptures of the human figure.

false

Fired clay is sometimes called pewter.

false

In creating the Colossal Head , Olmec artists used the lost-wax method of sculpting

false

In sculpture, the most common modeling material is leather.

false

Kiki Smith works primarily in wood, especially in the work entitled Honeywax .

false

Louise Bourgeois created, for the courtyard of the State Hermitage Museum, a miniature sculpture that depicts an arachnid.

false

No material other than metal can be used in a casting process.

false

Relief sculpture is not meant to be viewed in the round, not finished on all sides, and often used to decorate architecture.

false

The Indian sculpture Durga Fighting the Buffalo Demon is an example of assemblage

false

The subtractive process involves welding.

false

Figures protect substantially from the background, often by half their full depth or more.

high relief

In sculpture, a work fully finished on all sides and standing free of a background

in the round

An art form in which an entire room or similar space is treated as a work of art to be entered and experienced

installation

Artists looking for new direction in thought processes related to artworks created a new art form, called ________________, in which a space is presented as a work of art that can be entered, explored and experienced.

installation

The concept _____________________ , conceives of a space and everything in it as a work of art.

installation

A technique for casting sculptures or other objects in metal. A model of the object to be cast and created in wax, fitted with wax rods, then encased in a heat resistant material such as plaster or clay, leaving the rods protruding. The ensemble is heated so that the wax burns out, creating a mold.

lost wax

The ___________________ process dates back to the 3rd millennium B.C.E.

lost wax

Anything that projects from the background

low relief

If a work has been created by replacing a wax model with a molten metal, then the material used for the completed work probably was __________________.

metal

1960's and 1970's toward simple, primary forms.

minimal art

_________________________do not believe in trying to influence people rough images; they favored industrial and construction materials; and they attempted to offer a pure experience by letting the materials speak for themselves.

minimalists

In sculpture, manipulating a plastic material such as clay or wax to create a form.

modeling

The additive process of sculpture includes both __________________ and assembling

modeling

Andy Goldsworthy uses _____________ materials to create sculptures that are ephemeral.

natural

Category of art developed out of African and Oceania Cultures

primitive

Casting is known as __________________ method.

replacement

The sculpture The Burghers of Calais memorializing a courageous episode from a town's medieval history is by Rodin. It is an excellent example of sculpture in the_________________.

round

The carving method is more aggressive than modeling, more direct than casting, and is a _______________________process.

subtractive

"Gilded" is the term used to indicate that a work has been covered with a thin layer of gold.

true

A basic subject for sculpture is the human figure.

true

A sculpture by Michelangelo could be used to illustrate contrapposto.

true

By using the concept of an installation, artists have more control over our experience in a shaped, delimited space such as a room.

true

Changing materials such as flowers, ice, and light can be used to create sculpture.

true

High-relief sculpture is different than low-relief sculpture in that highrelief is installed high upon the wall of a building

true

Subtractive processes start with a mass larger than that of the planned sculpture.

true

The key difference between the process of lost-wax casting as practiced in ancient times and that same process today, multiples can be created from the process.

true