Chapter 11: Connect Master Intro to Business

Shadowing Apprenticeship Job rotation

An employee being trained on the job learns skills by watching more experienced employees. A new employee works with an experienced employee to master a particular craft. Employees work various jobs in different departments to give them a broader picture of the organization.

What is a stock option?

An incentive in which the employee is granted the right to buy shares of the company at a future date for a discounted price

What is gainsharing?

An incentive offered when a group of employees increases productivity and reduces costs, thus saving the company money

Internal External

Less expensive, Limits the pool of fresh talent Limits the pool of fresh talent, Encourages specialized knowledge and experience

What topic is likely to be addressed during union negotiations concerning work rules and conditions?

Policies regarding who may work and in what situations

What is the first step in the collective bargaining process?

Preparing for negotiations

Part of a company's recruiting efforts is the ___ process, which is intended to screen job applicants.

selection

What is a common concern of unions during collective bargaining with employers?

Hiring policies

What is profit sharing?

A portion of the company's earnings, which it distributes to certain employees, based on factors such as performance, attendance, and lateness

What is pay for performance?

A type of incentive in which the amount paid is based on the employee's work results

What type of appraisals are conducted at scheduled times of the year and are based on prestablished performance measures?

Formal

When is a grievance filed?

When an employee feels the labor-management agreement has been violated

Gainsharing Stock options Profit sharing

When the organization wins, the group wins. When employees work hard, the company's value rises. When the company makes money, employees get larger paychecks.

What is the main difference between job specification and job description?

Job specification is more detailed and in-depth.

What is the definition of reliability?

Measuring the same thing consistently

Select all of the questions that are commonly asked during collective bargaining that is focused on hiring policies.

Should management or the union control work assignments? Should the workplace be a union, an agency, a closed shop, or an open shop?

In relation to job security negotiations, unions usually address ______.

how workers will be rated and reviewed in the event of downsizing

When negotiating job security, unions typically discuss ______.

the protections that will be extended to employees

A test that measures what it claims to measure and is free of bias is considered to be a(n) ___ test

valid

Which act was passed in order to allow the president of the United States to prevent or end a strike that threatens national security?

1947 Taft-Hartley Act

The right to a minimum wage and overtime pay for certain classes of workers was created by the 1938 ___ ___ Standards Act.

Fair Labor

Bonuses Piece rate Sales commission Profit sharing Gainsharing

High-performing, long-term employees Employees who produce more output Top salespeople Top performers and those who always show up for work and are always on time Frugal, industrious employees

Select all of the topics that are commonly part of benefits negotiations between employers and unions.

Pensions Paid time off Health insurance

Background information Interview Employment test

Personal characteristics and professional records of a person A conversation between an employer and potential employees to determine if they are a good fit Written, oral, or other assessments that job applicants perform to determine their suitability

Select all of the statements that are true about formal performance appraisals.

They are conducted at scheduled times during the year. They are based on prestablished performance measures.

Select all of the statements that are true of informal performance appraisals.

They are conducted at unscheduled times throughout the year. They consist of less rigorous indications of employee performance.

Select all of the true statements about behavioral appraisals.

They are subjective appraisals that represent a manager's perceptions. They measure specific, observable aspects of an employee's performance.

Walter's job as a middle manager pays $60,000 a year. He enjoys paid vacation, and when his department performs well, he receives a bonus. How would these forms of compensation be categorized?

His base pay is $60,000, the paid vacation is a benefit, and the bonus is an incentive.

Select all of the points of difference between structured and unstructured interviews.

How responses are rated How questions are asked

Which question related to promotion should managers ask themselves to avoid favoritism of certain employees?

Is the promotion fair?

What are the three questions a manager should ask before offering a promotion?

Is the promotion nondiscriminatory? Will nonpromoted employees be resentful, and how should they be handled? Is the promotion fair?

What does the National Labor Relations Board do?

It enforces the procedures allowing employees to vote to have a union and the rules for collective bargaining.

Select all of the statements that are true about gainsharing.

It is a distribution of the money that the company saved when a group of employees increased their productivity and reduced costs. It sends the message that when the company wins, the group wins. It is a type of incentive.

Select all of the statements that are true of a sales commission.

It is a percentage of the earnings the company makes from products and services the employee sells. It is a type of pay-for-performance incentive.

Self-assessment 360-degree assessment Forced ranking performance review systems

Only two Up to about a dozen An entire business unit

In which situation would a transfer be the optimal strategy for employee movement?

When there is an organizational problem that an employee could solve by assuming a different job with a similar responsibility

Under employment law, what is compensation?

Workers' hours, pay, and benefits

When a manager assesses an employee's performance at unscheduled times during the year, using less rigorous indications of how well the employee is performing on the job, the process is called ______.

an informal performance appraisal

Negotiations between management and employees in disputes over compensation, benefits, working conditions, and job security are known as collective ___

bargain

Unions help establish the format of the workplace. For example, an employer may hire only workers who are already in a union in a(n) ______ shop.

closed

Inducements offered to attract and retain top performers and to encourage employees to be more productive are called ______.

incentives

Steps a company takes to help employees improve their performance, productivity, and safety on the job are called ______.

training and development

What is base pay?

The wage or salary that workers are paid for doing their job

The dispute resolution process in which a neutral third party listens to both sides in a dispute, offers suggestions, and encourages the two sides to reach an agreement is known as ______.

mediation

The Social Security Act created the __ system in the United States.

retirement

In arbitration, the decision ending the dispute is made by ______.

the neutral third party

Grievance Mediation Arbitration

A complaint about violations of the labor-management agreement A process in which a neutral third party listens to both sides in a dispute, makes suggestions, and encourages them to agree on a solution A process in which a neutral third party listens to both sides in a dispute and makes a decision that is binding for both sides

What is a piece rate?

A pay-for-performance plan in which employees are paid according to how much work they complete

Select all of the true statements regarding performance appraisals.

An organization's human resources department can help managers evaluate their subordinates' job performance. Employees should maintain a positive mindset when receiving a negative review.

A new flight attendant works with a more experienced flight attendant to master the job requirements, including helping customers find their seats and stow their bags efficiently and without conflicts. This is an example of what type of training program?

Apprenticeship

What is the first step in organizing a union?

At least 30% of workers must sign a card authorizing a particular union as their bargaining agent.

Select all of the essential elements of validity.

Being free of bias Measuring what something claims to measure

Which three of the following are common targets of collective bargaining?

Compensation Hiring policies Benefits

Formal appraisals Informal appraisals

Conducted at scheduled times of the year, Based on prestablished performance measures Conducted at unscheduled times, Consisting of less rigorous indications of employee performance

When unions negotiate compensation, what topic are they most likely to address?

Cost-of-living adjustments

1935 Social Security Act 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act 1935 Wagner Act 1947 Taft-Hartley Act

Created the U.S. retirement system Established a federal minimum wage and a maximum workweek, along with banning products from child labor Required employers to allow employees to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for childbirth, adoption, or family emergency Created the National Labor Relations Board, which enforces procedures allowing employees to vote to have a union and the rules for collective bargaining Allows the president of the United States to prevent or end a strike that threatens national security

Analysis Description Specification

Determines the basic elements of a job, using observation and analysis Outlines what the holders of the job do and how and why they do it Describes the minimum qualifications people must have to perform the job successfully

What is the optimal strategy for employee movement after an employee receives a poor performance appraisal?

Disciplinary action

Which employee movement strategy involves punishing an employee, often for a poor performance appraisal?

Disciplining

Chris, an African American employee, complains to HR that his supervisor consistently lets white employees take longer breaks than employees of other races. Which term best applies to the situation that Chris is bringing to the attention of HR?

Discrimination

Select all of the matters that can be negotiated using collective bargaining.

Employee compensation Working conditions

Self-assessment 360-degree assessment Forced ranking performance review systems

Employees rank their own performance. Employees are appraised by their managers, coworkers, subordinates, and sometimes customers or clients, thus providing several perspectives. Employees within a business unit are ranked against one another, and grades are distributed along a bell curve.

Select all of the key elements of a performance appraisal.

Executing on the format Choosing a format for the appraisal Ensuring timely feedback Staying consistent with the process

Select all the safety regulations brought about by the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA).

Rules regarding exposure to asbestos Maximum exposure limits to certain chemicals Requirements to use guards on machinery with moving parts

What is a key element of a performance appraisal?

Staying consistent with the process

What is the relationship between the 1935 Wagner Act and the National Labor Relations Board?

The 1935 Wagner Act created the National Labor Relations Board.

Structured Unstructured

The interviewer ranks responses according to a standard measure, The questions asked are identical and fixed. The interviewer asks applicants questions in a conversational way, There is no systematic scoring of answers.

Select all of the true statements regarding subjective performance appraisals.

They represent a manager's perceptions of a subordinate's traits or behaviors. Behavioral appraisals address the way an employee acts at work. Trait appraisals address an employee's personal qualities such as initiative and attitude.

How does the 1935 Wagner Act enforce procedures allowing employees to vote to have a union and the rules for collective bargaining?

Through the National Labor Relations Board

What was the purpose of the 1935 Wagner Act?

To allow employees to vote to have a union and the rules for collective bargaining

What was the purpose of the 1947 Taft-Hartley Act?

To allow the president of the United States to prevent or end a strike that threatens national security

Select all of the purposes of a company's training and development programs.

To fill gaps in the employee's job-related knowledge To improve employee safety To improve employee performance and productivity

From the following list, select all of the purposes of a performance appraisal.

To help managers counsel employees about their training and personal development To help employees see how well they are achieving objectives and conforming to the organization's standards

What is the optimal employee movement strategy for competent workers who want to broaden their experience within the company but are not yet ready to take on more responsibility?

Transfer

Which employee movement strategy involves movement of an employee sideways within the company to a different job with similar responsibilities?

Transfer

Base pay Benefits Incentives

Wages and salaries Paid vacation, sick leave, health insurance, family leave, pension plan, and discounts on company merchandise and country club memberships Bonuses, commissions, stock options, and profit-sharing plans

Which two of the following are common targets of collective bargaining?

Work rules and conditions Job security

Select all of the areas for which the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act lays down guidelines.

Working hours Minimum wages

When a manager assesses an employee's performance at scheduled times of the year, based on prestablished measures, the process is called ______.

a formal performance appraisal

Laurent is a high-performing employee who has never arrived late or missed a day of work. As a reward, the company apportions him a percentage of its earnings. Laurent is enjoying an incentive called ______.

profit sharing

In mediation, an agreement is ______.

reached with the help of a neutral third party

A test that measures the same thing consistently is said to be ___

reliable

When an interviewer simply asks applicants probing questions in a conversational way and there are no identical, fixed questions asked of all applicants and no systematic scoring of answers, the interviewer is conducting a(n) ___ interview

unstructured

Union negotiations regarding work rules and conditions usually address ______.

what happens if agreed-upon standards are not met

As part of compensation negotiations, unions often address whether ______.

new workers doing the same job will be paid less than current workers

What act was passed in order to allow employees the right to vote to have a union and the rules for collective bargaining?

1935 Wagner Act

What is a performance appraisal?

A manager's assessment of an employee's performance at work

Internal External

Fosters greater effort and loyalty, Lowers the risk of bad job fit More expensive, Provides fresh viewpoints

Select all of the statements that are true about profit sharing.

It is a type of incentive. The amount is often determined by factors such as how well the employee has been performing on the job and whether the individual has frequently missed work or arrived late.

The government body responsible for enforcing procedures allowing employees to vote to have a union and the rules for collective bargaining is known as the National ___ ___ Board.

Labor Relations

What is a promotion as it relates to human resources?

Moving an employee to a higher position within the company

What is the best definition of benefits?

Nonwage or nonsalary forms of compensation paid for by the organization for its employees

What type of training occurs at the workplace while employees are performing job-related tasks?

On-the-job training

Select all of the characteristics of unstructured interviews.

There are no fixed questions. There is no systematic scoring of answers. The interviewer asks applicants questions in a conversational way.

A complaint about violations of the labor-management agreement made by an employee and handled by a union official is ______.

a grievance

A manager's assessment of how well an employee is doing at work is called ______.

a performance appraisal

Laws and administration regarding workers' hours, pay, and benefits are known as ___ and benefits

compensation

Employee complaints about violations of a labor-management agreement are referred to as ______.

grievances

John has recently joined Company X. He has been assigned to work alongside an experienced employee at the work site to learn the tasks required to perform a job. This is a type of ______.

on-the-job training

When negotiating benefits, unions usually address ______.

pensions

What are two types of negotiation processes involving neutral third parties that might be used by a union?

Mediation Arbitration

Select all of the programs paid for by social security funds.

Medicare Retirement plans

Dylan works at a construction company. The company is focusing on making the jobs of its workers safer. To that end, Dylan's manager asks him to conduct a job hazard analysis to pinpoint the potential dangers of tasks. Which law applies to the job analysis Dylan is contributing to?

Occupational Safety and Health Act

Select all the statements that are true about a pay-for-performance incentive.

Piece rate is one type of pay for performance. A sales commission is one type of pay for performance. It is based on how much work an employee completes.

What type of reward involves moving an employee to a higher management job within the company?

Promotion