Chapter 11 Quetions
Why did many new nations in Africa have difficulty building democratic governments?
Ethnic divisions created by old colonial boundaries often caused distrust and unrest.
Why did the British partition of India cause a refugee crisis?
Fearing violence, Muslims and Hindus each left areas where they were in the minority.
Which of the South Saharan African nations was the first to gain independence?
Ghana
Which of the following accurately compares the paths to independence of Ghana and Algeria?
Ghana achieved independence peacefully, while Algeria achieved independence through armed struggle.
Why did Ferdinand Marcos lose power?
He lost a free election.
How was the conflict in Darfur similar to the conflict in Rwanda?
In both conflicts, the government targeted a minority group in an effort to eradicate it.
What effect has ethnic and religious diversity had on the conditions in Indonesia?
Indonesia has experienced deadly violence as a result of infighting.
Why is control of Jerusalem a major obstacle to peace?
It is claimed as a capital by both sides.
How did attacks on Israel by groups in Lebanon affect Lebanon?
Lebanon became a battleground.
Which statement best describes Malaysia's economic activity since independence?
Malaysia has prospered financially.
What is one reason some African nations have taken steps towards democracy in recent years?
Many citizens risked their lives and freedom to demand reform.
Why did people around the world come to support a Jewish home in the Palestine mandate?
Nazi genocide had convinced them of the need for a safe haven for Jews.
The conflicts in Katanga and Biafra showed that
powerful internal divisions posed serious challenges for new African countries.
What did most of the people in East and West Pakistan have in common when they broke from India?
religion
What decision led to Indira Gandhi's assassination?
sending troops into the Golden Temple
What is the term for the period of political and social unrest in the Middle East that began in 2011?
the Arab Spring
Which of the following events led to the displacement of many Palestinians?
the Arab rejection of the two-state solution in 1947
What is one factor that has led to increased conflict and division in some areas in the Middle East?
the growth of radical Islamic fundamentalism
What event launched the Islamic Revolution in Iran?
the overthrow of the Shah by Islamist activists
What was the purpose of the policy of nonalignment?
to separate smaller independent nations from the Cold War superpowers
Which two groups continue to clash in Iraq, even after the overthrow of Saddam Hussein?
Sunnis and Shiites
What was the main reason for the partition of South Asia?
The Muslim minority feared discrimination by Hindus.
Why did Sunni control of government in Iraq create tension in that country?
The Sunnis did not share power with other groups in Iraq.
Why did fighting continue after Angola achieved independence?
The United States and Cuba supported opposite sides.
In what way did the post-World War I peace conference negatively impact the Middle East?
The borders of new nations were artificially drawn.
What is one way in which the Israeli-Palestinian conflict affected Lebanon?
The influx of Palestinian refugees contributed to the unrest in Lebanon.
What is one way in which oil wealth has affected the nations of the Middle East?
The oil-rich monarchies on the Persian Gulf have become extremely wealthy.
What is one reason many African nations were able to gain independence through largely peaceful means following World War II?
The war had drained European resources and made them less willing to fight.
How did World War II affect African independence efforts?
The war helped independence efforts by weakening European countries.
What was one similarity between Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and Ruhollah Khomeini of Iran?
They both took steps to reduce foreign influence in their nations.
How did Arab nations respond to the creation of Israel?
They engaged in four wars against Israel.
Why did Islamists, or Islamic fundamentalists, emerge in the 1970s?
They wanted to fight the influence of the West on the Middle East.
What did the "Arab Spring" and the Islamic Revolution in Iran have in common?
They were both popular uprisings against repressive governments.
What characterized the reign of both Sukarno and Suharto over Indonesia?
authoritarianism
Why did Bangladesh separate from Pakistan?
because ethnic and political differences divided East and West Pakistan
How has OPEC influenced global events?
by controlling the supply of oil
How has Malaysia avoided extreme violence, despite being an ethnically diverse nation?
by maintaining an equal distribution of wealth among all ethnic groups
What was the main platform of the nonaligned movement?
dissociation from Cold War superpowers
Which event was a root cause of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?
Arab rejection of the UN partition plan
What is one reason that peace between Israel and the Palestinians has been so difficult to achieve?
Both Israel and the Palestinians claim Jerusalem as their capital.
Why was there conflict between northern and southern Sudan?
Northern Sudan dominated southern Sudan and some southern Sudanese rebelled.
