Chapter 12, 13 & 14 Review Questions RAD BIO

In fluoroscopy, how is the amount of radiation that a patient receives usually estimated?

C.) By measuring the radiation exposure rate at tabletop and multiplying this by the fluoroscopy time Answer: Page 243

In which of the following projections will a young female patient receive a significantly lower dose to her breast tissue during a chest X-ray study?

C.) PA Answer: Page 241-242

If a maximum of 500 people were inhabiting the earth and each person were to receive an equivalent dose (EqD) of 0.005 Sv gonadal radiation, the gross genetic effect would be ________ the effect occurring if 50 individual inhabitants were each to receive 0.05 Sv of gonadal radiation and no equivalent dose were received by other inhabitants.

D.) identical to Answer: Page 253-254

Pediatric patients require special consideration and appropriate radiation protection procedures because they are much more vulnerable to which of the following?

A.) Both the late somatic effects and genetic effects of radiation Answer: page 251-252

Direct patient shielding is not typically used in:

A.) Computed tomography Answer: Page 263-264

When the spiral CT scan pitch ratio is approximately 1, to what is the spiral CT patient dose comparable?

A.) To that produced by conventional or axial CT unit Answer: Page 262

In what mSv effective dose range do routine head and body CT examinations fall?

A.) 1-10 Answer: Page 267

In CT examination, which of the following interactions of x-radiation with matter contribute to the image?

A.) coherent scattering and photo-disintegration Answer: Page 262

a Bucky slot shielding device of at least_______ must automatically cover the Bucky slot opening in the side of the X-ray tube during a fluoroscopic examination when the bucket tray is positioned at the foot end of the table.

B. 0.25 mm lead equivalent Answer: Page 294-295

Which of the following examinations are considered unnecessary radiologic procedures?

B.) 1 and 3 only Answer: Page 254

For protection of the ovaries of a female patient, the shield should be placed approximately:

B.) 2.5 cm (1 inch) medial to each palpable anterior superior iliac spine. Answer: Page 248-249

As much as what percent of unnecessary increase in patient dose can a miscentering of 2 centimeters cause during a CT examination?

B.) 25% Answer: Page 264

What material takes the place of glass in the window of the low-kVp-producing mammographic X-ray tube?

B.) Beryllium Answer: Page 268

As part of the Image Gently Campaign, radiographers and imaging facilities can pledge to:

B.) Image wisely Answer: Page 255

The use of the PA projection during a juvenile scoliosis radiographic examination results in which of the following?

B.) Lower entrance exposure dose to the anterior body surface, thereby significantly reducing the dose to the breast Answer: Page 239-240

As a consequence of their anatomic location, the female reproductive organs receive about _______ exposure during a given a radiographic procedure involving the pelvic region than do the male reproductive organs.

B.) three times more Answer: Page 237-238

at a 90 degree angle to the primary x-ray Beam, at a distance of 1 m, the scattered radiation is what fraction of the intensity of the primary beam?

C.) 1/1000 Answer: Page 276

Auxiliary projections of the breast should be done only at the request of the:

C.) Radiologist Answer: Page 268

Diagnostic Imaging Personnel may receive an annual occupational effective dose of_______ for whole body exposure during routine

D. 50 msv Answer: Page 276-278

when performing a mobile radiographic examination, it's a protection factors of distance and shielding are equal, the radiographer should stand at_____ to the scattering object line

D. 90° angle Answer: Page 276

units of either mAs/wk or mA-min/wk are used to determine the______ for a specific x-ray room

D. Workload Answer: Page 291

A woman who is 3 months pregnant has been in a motor vehicle accident. The emergency room physician suspects there is injury to her cervical spine and thus feels justified in ordering an x-ray examination to aid in determining the extent of the patient's injury. Because the patient is pregnant, the radiographer should:

D.) 1, 2, and 3 Answer: Page 248-249

Studies have shown that well-calibrated mammographic systems are capable of providing excellent imaging procedures with an average glandular dose of not more than:

D.) 2 mGyt Answer: Page 268

Digital mammography units, which can enhance contrast with image gray-level manipulation, offer substantial improvement for patients with:

D.) Dense breast tissue Answer: Page 268

the entrance exposure from a CT examination may be compared with the entrance exposure received during this routine type of examination

D.) a routine fluoroscopic examination Answer: Page 263-264

which of the following are methods that can be used by a c-arm operator to reduce occupational exposure for himself or herself and other personnel?

a. 1 and 2 only Answer: Page 287

if a radiographer stand 6 M away from an x-ray tube and receives an exposure rate dose of 4.0 mGya/ hr, what will the exposure rate dose be if the same radiographer moves to stay in a position located 12 M from the X-ray tube?

a. 1 mGya/hr Answer: Page 280-281

if the Bucky slot shielding device and spot film device protective curtain or sliding panel were not in the correct position during a routine fluoroscopic examination, what would the fluroscopist do?

a. Exceed an exposure rate dose of 1 mGya/hr at a distance of 0.6 M from the side of the X-ray table Answer: Page 286

for mobile radiographic units, which are not equipped with remote control exposure devices, the cord leading to the exposure switch must be long enough to permit the radiographer to stand at least________ from the patient, the X-ray tube, and the useful beam to reduce occupational dose.

b. 2 m Answer: Page 281-282

of the following factors, which is considered when determining thickness requirements for protective barriers?

d. 1, 2, and 3 Answer: Page 282-283