Chapter 12 and 13

How does a driver keep the inside of the window clear?

1. Turn on front-window defroster 2. Turn on rear defroster 3. Use air conditioner and/or heater 4. Open windows as needed

What safety feature can a driver use in heavy fog, in order for other drivers to see their car, if pulled off to the shoulder of the road?

Hazard Lights

Describe hydroplaning? When does it happen? How can a driver reduce their risk of having it happen?

Hydroplaning is when tires ride the surface of water rather than gripping the road. It happens when it it raining and the roads are wet. A driver can prevent this by reducing their speed and using properly inflated tires.

Describe black ice and how to handle it as a driver.

Ice that forms on a roadway due to snow melting and re-freezing. Slow down, use windshield wipers if necessary, turn slowly, brake sooner than normal, and accelerate slowly. The same as you would normal ice.

What happens to the vehicle when there is a tire blowout?

It'll make the car feel like as if you're dragging a parachute, keep the steering wheel pointed straight ahead.

In reduced visibility conditions, why does a driver need to work harder to gather visual info?

It's harder to see compared to normal conditions, so must must focus harder on what's in front of the and his/her surroundings.

How does a driver avoid being blinded by bright headlights?

Keep eyes to the left of the road so you could see the white line

How should a driver handle a front wheel dropping off the roadway? What should they not do?

Keep firm grip of the steering wheel, let car slow down Gradually, pull to the side of the road.

When total steering occurs, what should a driver do first?

Bring car to slow down and stop.

How should a driver handle a skid? If the rear of the vehicle skids to the right, which way should the driver turn the wheel?

By keeping foot off the accelerator and turning the wheel in the direction you wanna go.

Explain why bridge surfaces freeze before adjoining road surfaces.

Cold air surrounds the surface of a bridge from above and below. Bridges have no way to trap heat, so they will ice rapidly as soon as the temperature decreases to the freezing point.

Swerving should only use as a last resort to avoid a ?

Collision

How should a driver handle driving in deep water? What would be the best decision?

Drive slowly in low gear, avoid using the roads soft shoulder, try to drive in the higher center road, use light pressure on accelerator, and after leaving the water tap your brake pedal to see if it is wet. The best decision is if water is up to the bottom of your car, do not enter.

What should a driver do if their car stalls on railroad tracks and NO train is coming? What if a train is coming?

Get passengers out of the vehicle, if train is coming get out quickly and move toward the oncoming train and away from the tracks from a 45 degree angle.

How does wet leaves affect a vehicle's traction?

It decreases the vehicles traction.

If a driver uses high-beam headlights in adverse conditions, how will that affect their vision?

It will decrease their vision and make it harder to see.

What type of lights should be on during dawn or dusk?

Low-beam headlights.

Under normal driving conditions at night, explain the stopping distance in relation to the range of the headlights.

Make sure you are driving within the range of your headlights so you can stop gradually and safely.

Define controlled braking.

Maneuver used to reduce speed as quickly as possible while maintaining steering control of your vehicle.

Is it legal and safe to drive with the high-beam headlights on (brights)?

Only at night when you need to se farther ahead of you. It is not safe when their are other vehicles nearby as it may blind them.

What is the first action you should take if you experience brake failure?

Pump brakes, give clear signals, apply parking brake, try to find an escape route.

When driving in snow, rain, fog or any other adverse condition, what should a driver do with their speed?

Reduce speed.

Define rocking the vehicle. How does this help in adverse conditions?

Rocking your vehicle is driving forward and back a little repeatedly. This maneuver helps to get your vehicle out of deep snow.

How should a driver handle their vehicle when it starts to fishtail?

Steer gently into the direction of the skid, slow down and keep foot off the pedal.

Why is driving in windy conditions hazardous?

Strong winds reduces vehicle control.

What is the immediate action to take if a driver experiences a tire blowout? What should you not do?

Take foot off accelerator and gently apply the brakes. Steer straight ahead to stop. Do not slam on brakes.

What should a driver do if their car stalls while driving in traffic?

Turn hazard lights on.

How can a driver improve traction on snow?

Use all-season tires and use tire chains, which allowed in some states.

How can a driver reduce the risks of sun glare?

Use sun glasses or visor. If the sun is behind you, use low beam headlights to become more visible to drivers behind you.

How should you handle evacuating vehicle if it's in deep water?

Wait until it's fully underwater and then break window open to get out.

How does fog and headlights affect a driver's vision?

When headlights shine into fog, light is reflected back by water particles in the fog. This makes it harder for a driver to see.

When does rain tend to make roadways the slickest?

When it first starts raining.