Chapter 12 & 14 quiz

In the context of obsessive-compulsive disorder, seemingly irresistible urges to engage in thoughts or behaviors that tend to reduce anxiety are referred to as obsessions.

False

Psychological disorders are predictable responses to specific events.

False

Philippe Pinel was one of the first to:

view psychological disorders as diseases of the mind and encouraged humane treatment

Which of the following statements is true of the biological views that explain the origins of anxiety disorders?

A predisposition toward anxiety, in the form of a highly reactive autonomic nervous system, can be inherited.

Which of the following is a physical symptom of anxiety disorders?

A racing heart

It seemed like no matter what you were talking about, Sam always thought you were talking about him. What type of delusion is he most likely suffering from?

Delusion of reference

Ryan, a teenager, exhibits erratic behavior. He is very happy at times and at other times he shows signs of extreme depression. Ryan's mother thinks he is possessed and takes him to an exorcist. In this scenario, Ryan's mother supports the __________ of psychological disorders.

Demonological model

The biopsychosocial model assumes that illnesses have physical or biological causes that can be identified and that people afflicted by them are to be cured through treatment or therapy.

False

__________ are excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, or heights

Specific phobias

Anxiety is an appropriate response to a real threat, but it can be abnormal when it is excessive.

True

Obsessions are so compelling and recurrent that they disrupt daily life.

True

One suffering from mania may have grand delusional schemes, speak rapidly, and show a rapid flight of ideas

True

A young man is having trouble getting along with his roommate. Sometimes, his roommate does not speak for days. On other days, he speaks rapidly without stopping. He is often abrasive and aggressive. The roommate is showing symptoms of ___________.

bipolar disorder

Delmar believes that he has been sent to earth to save mankind. He believes that women are evil and that any male who speaks to a female is doomed to be a slave. He often tells people of his grand plan to save males from the influence of females. Nothing one says or does can convince him that his ideas are absurd. Delmar's behavior best exemplifies _________.

delusions

Schizophrenia is characterized by ___________.

disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, motor activity, and mood

Stephanie was becoming concerned because her mother was starting to routinely carry on conversations with no one else in the room. Her mother is most likely experiencing __________.

hallucinations

In the manic phase of bipolar disorder, a person may ____________.

make huge contributions to charity

People with mood disorders:

may become severely depressed when things are going well or when they encounter mildly upsetting events.

Post-traumatic stress disorder:

may occur months or years after a traumatic experience.

Seligman (1996) suggested that when things go wrong, we sometimes develop inappropriate attributional styles towards the causes of failure. Which of the following was not proposed by him?

negative or positive