Chapter 12 Module

How many chromatids does a human somatic cell contain after interphase and just prior to mitosis? 69 92 22 46 184 23

92

Which event or events occur during anaphase? Identical chromatids move to opposite poles A spindle made of microtubules is present The centrioles are at opposite poles All of the listed responses are correct. The centromeres divide

All of the listed responses are correct.

Which of the following structures is/are part of the mitotic spindle? All of the listed responses are part of the mitotic spindle. Centrosome Nonkinetochore microtubules The aster Kinetochore microtubules

All of the listed responses are part of the mitotic spindle.

Which of the following phases of mitosis is essentially the opposite of prometaphase in terms of the nuclear envelope? Interphase S phase Telophase Metaphase Anaphase

Telophase

Which of the following events occurs during telophase of mitosis? The chromosomes condense. DNA replicates. The chromosomes align on the metaphase plate. The nuclear envelope fragments. The sister chromatids separate. Two distinct daughter nuclei form in the cell.

Two distinct daughter nuclei form in the cell.

The region of a chromosome holding the two double strands of replicated DNA together is called __________. a centromere an aster chromatin a centriole a chromatid

a centromere

The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is properly called __________. a centromere a centrosome a chromoplast a chromatid chromatin

chromatin

During interphase, the genetic material of a typical eukaryotic cell is __________. condensed and the chromosomes are often visible under the light microscope transported through the nuclear pores dispersed in the nucleus as long strands of chromatin attached to microtubule spindle fibers dispersed in the cytoplasm as long strands of chromatin

dispersed in the nucleus as long strands of chromatin

Cytokinesis refers to __________. division of the entire cell division of the cytoplasm movement of a cell from one place to another reduction in the number of chromosomes division of the nucleus

division of the cytoplasm

Observations of cancer cells in culture support the hypothesis that cancer cells __________. do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition produce molecules that inhibit the growth factors required for cell division exhibit anchorage dependence all of the listed responses are correct spend the majority of their time in the G0 phase

do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition

Chromatids are __________. the bacterial equivalent of eukaryotic chromosomes held together by the centrioles found only in aberrant chromosomes composed of RNA identical copies of each other if they are part of the same chromosome

identical copies of each other if they are part of the same chromosome

You would know a dividing cell was a plant cell rather than an animal cell if you saw that __________. it had formed a cell plate it had formed a cleavage furrow the nucleolus was visible during metaphase it had two pairs of centrioles during prophase it had microtubules

it had formed a cell plate

The spread of cancer cells to other locations in the body is known as __________. metastasis density-dependent inhibition a benign tumor chemotherapy None of the listed responses is correct. transformation

metastasis

Checkpoints in the cell cycle control system __________. only signal cells to undergo mitosis stop cancer cells from dividing have no effect on the cell cycle ensure that a cell keeps dividing only stop cells from dividing regulate the cell cycle through a variety of stop and go signals

regulate the cell cycle through a variety of stop and go signals

DNA replication occurs in __________. the G1 phase of interphase in reproductive cells only metaphase of meiosis only the cytokinesis portion of the cell's life cycle prophase of both mitosis and meiosis the S phase of interphase in both somatic and reproductive cells

the S phase of interphase in both somatic and reproductive cells

One event occurring during prophase is __________. the alignment of chromosomes in a single plane the synthesis of a new nuclear envelope the beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus cytokinesis division of the centromere

the beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus

During binary fission in a bacterium __________. the two DNA molecules float free in the cell and are guided to daughter cells by a spindle-like apparatus the two DNA molecules divide in half, forming four DNA fragments the two DNA molecules attach to the centrioles the two DNA molecules break up into plasmids the origins of replication move apart

the origins of replication move apart

A cell contains 40 chromatids at the beginning of mitosis. How many chromosomes will it contain at the completion of cytokinesis? 80 5 40 10 20 160

20

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference(s) between mitosis and binary fission? A cell plate forms across the middle of two cells dividing by binary fission, but this does not occur in mitosis. Binary fission in bacteria is completed by microtubules, but mitosis does not involve these structures. Binary fission involves the replication and division of a single chromosome, whereas mitosis involves the division of multiple, replicated chromosomes. None of the listed responses is correct. There are no differences between binary fission and mitosis. Binary fission involves the replication and division of multiple chromosomes, whereas mitosis involves the replication and division of a single chromosome.

Binary fission involves the replication and division of a single chromosome, whereas mitosis involves the division of multiple, replicated chromosomes.

What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor? Benign tumors will not kill you; malignant tumors will. Cells of benign tumors metastasize; those of malignant tumors do not. Cells of benign tumors do not metastasize; those of malignant tumors do. Benign tumors arise by transformation; malignant tumors do not. Benign tumors do not arise by transformation; malignant tumors do.

Cells of benign tumors do not metastasize; those of malignant tumors do.

In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during which stage of the cell cycle? Prophase Cytokinesis Anaphase The G1 phase Metaphase

Cytokinesis

Which of the following events does not occur during interphase of the cell cycle? Duplication of the chromosomes Protein production Production of new mitochondria Growth of the cell Production of the endoplasmic reticulum Separation of the sister chromatids

Separation of the sister chromatids

A cell biologist examined the DNA content of a cell from a fruit fly larva during the G1 phase and determined that it had 150 units of DNA. After measuring the DNA content of the same type of cell after the G2 phase, it was discovered that the cell had 300 units of DNA. How is this possible? The DNA was replicated during the G1 phase of interphase. The DNA was replicated after the G2 phase of interphase. The DNA was replicated during the G2 phase of interphase. The DNA was replicated during the S phase of interphase, which occurs between the two G phases. The DNA was not replicated. This was the result of a mutation. The DNA was replicated prior to interphase.

The DNA was replicated during the S phase of interphase, which occurs between the two G phases.

Which of the following statements describes a cell that undergoes mitosis but not cytokinesis? The cell has not proceeded through interphase. The cell dies. The cell has one nucleus. The cell has undergone transformation and become a cancer cell. The cell contains more than one nucleus. The cell does not contain a nucleus.

The cell contains more than one nucleus.

Which of the following events occurs during metaphase of mitosis? The nuclear envelope forms again. The sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite sides of the cell. The nuclear envelope disappears. The chromosomes condense. The mitotic spindle forms. The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate of the cell.

The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate of the cell.

Which of the following events does not occur during prophase of mitosis? Nucleoli disappear. Each duplicated chromosome appears as two identical sister chromatids. The chromosomes condense. The mitotic spindle breaks down. The centrosomes move away from each other. The mitotic spindle forms.

The mitotic spindle breaks down.

How does the process of mitosis differ between most eukaryotes and other eukaryotes such as diatoms and dinoflagellates? None of the listed responses is correct. The chromosomes are not duplicated prior to mitosis in diatoms and dinoflagellates. Microtubules do not facilitate the movement of chromosomes in diatoms and dinoflagellates. The nuclear envelope fragments in most eukaryotes but remains intact in diatoms and dinoflagellates. Sister chromatids are not separated during mitosis in diatoms and dinoflagellates. The nuclear envelope remains intact in most eukaryotes but fragments in diatoms and dinoflagellates.

The nuclear envelope fragments in most eukaryotes but remains intact in diatoms and dinoflagellates.

Which of the following events occurs during prometaphase of mitosis? The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate of the cell. The nuclear envelope forms again. The centrosomes move away from each other. The nuclear envelope fragments. The mitotic spindle forms. The sister chromatids are pulled toward opposite sides of the cell.

The nuclear envelope fragments.

Which of the following events occurs during anaphase of mitosis? The sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite sides of the cell. The nuclear envelope forms again. The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate of the cell. The nuclear envelope fragments. The mitotic spindle forms. Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes.

The sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite sides of the cell.

The function of the mitotic cell cycle is to produce daughter cells that __________. are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming no mutation has occurred) have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell but not the same genetic content have a random assortment of maternal and paternal chromosomes None of the listed responses is correct. have the same number of chromatids as the parent cell had chromosomes

are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming no mutation has occurred)