Chapter 12 - nurtition

The USDA recommends that fresh pork be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

145

The USDA recommends that a beef steak be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

145 degrees

The USDA recommends that a salmon steak be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

145 degrees

The USDA recommends that fresh ground meat be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

160

The USDA recommends that egg custard be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

160 degrees

According to the USDA, a whole cooked chicken is safe to serve when its internal temperature reaches a minimum of

165

The USDA recommends that fresh turkey be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

165

Before you prepare food or after you use the bathroom, wash your hands with hot soapy water for at least ____ seconds to cleanse them thoroughly.

20 seconds

Pathogenic bacteria are likely to multiply rapidly when environmental temperatures are between

40 and 140 degrees farenheit

Which of the following statements is true?

A food's odor or appearance is not a reliable indicator of whether it is safe to eat.

The _____ prohibits food manufacturers from adding a new compound to food that causes cancer.

A. Delaney Clause of the Food Additives Amendment

86. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Pesticides help protect the food supply and keep food costs down.

A farmer wants to control crop pests by using biologically based pesticides to attract and trap insect pests. This method of pest control is a form of

A. integrated pest management.

During a natural disaster, it is safe to drink the water from

A. the water tank of an intact toilet.

_____ is a type of parasitic worm that can be transferred to humans who eat raw or undercooked fish.

Anisakis

Which federal agency regulates the proper use of pesticides?

B. EPA

James and his five relatives live in New Orleans, Louisiana. For him and his family to survive a major hurricane, James wants to store enough clean water to last for about 5 days. Based on this information, he should store at least _____ gallons of bottled and sealed water.

C. 30

Which of the following food preservation methods draws water from cells, reducing the likelihood many pathogens can survive?

C. Drying

Which of the following pesticides controls the spread of molds that damage crops?

C. Fungicide

How can you tell if a food has been irradiated to preserve it?

C. Look for the Radura symbol on the package

Jordan is an American who is traveling through India. Today, he's staying in home that's in a village about 50 miles southwest of New Delhi. To avoid traveler's diarrhea, Jordan should

C. use bottled water to drink, wash hands, brush teeth, and take medication.

You have a high risk of developing traveler's diarrhea when you visit

Calcutta india

Which of the following statements is true?

Certain microbes produce poisonous chemicals that can cause food intoxication.

BJ wants to follow the "Check Your Steps" rules for food safety. When he prepares high-risk foods, he washes his hands before and after touching the food; sanitizes surfaces that come in contact with all foods; avoids cross contamination; cooks meats to their proper internal temperatures; and after meals, he keeps serving dishes with cooked food on the table, so his guests can nibble on the items. After eating one of his meals, he and his dinner guests developed a food-borne illness. Based on this information, which step did he fail to take?

Chill

Trevor enjoys cooking chicken, but he wants to reduce the chances that his food preparation practices do not result in cross contamination. What should he avoid doing?

Cleaning the plate used to carry the chicken to the grill with a paper towel before using it for serving raw vegetables.

The toxin produced by _____ can cause blurry vision, muscle weakness, difficulty swallowing and even death.

Clostridium botulinum

Infants should not be fed honey because it can contain

Clostridium botulinum spores.

_____ often transmit pathogens to food.

Cockroaches

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?

Commercially-canned peaches

Which of the following safety steps should you take if your home experiences a loss of electricity that lasts for several days?

Cook foods and boil water on a charcoal grill that is outdoors

61. You have a high risk of developing traveler's diarrhea when you visit

D. Mexico City, Mexico.

81. Which of the following pesticides kills mice and rats?

D. Rodenticide

After a tornado outbreak, Marie's house was damaged and her neighborhood experienced a power outage that lasted three days. Which of the following steps should she take to avoid food-borne illness during the loss of electricity?

Do not eat raw or cooked foods that have been at room temperature for more than 2 hours

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?

Dried apricots

Three days after eating an undercooked hamburger patty at a picnic, Grace experienced intestinal cramps and bloody diarrhea. When Grace became too weak to walk, her roommate took her to the emergency room of a hospital. Grace required treatment for kidney failure. Based on this information, which of the following food-borne pathogens was most likely responsible for Grace's serious illness?

E. coli O157:H7

Which of the following U.S. government agencies oversees the quality of drinking water?

EPA

Which of the following U.S. government agencies regulates toxic substances and wastes to prevent their entry into foods?

Environmental Protection Agencies

_____ is a direct (intentional) food additive.

FD&C Red No. 40

Which of the following U.S. government agencies regulates all domestic and imported food sold in interstate commerce?

FDA

Which of the following U.S. government agencies enforces federal food safety laws?

Food and drug administration

On her last camping trip, Jenny swallowed some water when she swam in a lake. Two days later, she suddenly experienced severe abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. Based on this information, Jenny probably is infected with

Giardia

The following substances were detected in a can of food. Which of the substances is a direct food additive?

High-fructose corn syrup

____ infection is the most common food-borne illness in the United States.

Norovirus

Which of the following statements is true?

People who consume foods that contain the toxin produced by C. botulinum should seek immediate medical attention.

Which of the following statements is true?

People who consume the toxin produced by E. coli O157:H7 should seek immediate medical attention.

Which of the following statements is true?

People who travel to Central and South America have a high risk of developing traveler's diarrhea.

The following substances were detected in a can of food. Which of the substances is an unintentional food additive?

Pesticide residues

The following substances were detected in a jar of baby food. Which of the substances is a not a direct food additive?

Piece of glass

The following substances were detected in a slice of enriched bread. Which of the substances is a not a direct food additive?

Plastic wrap

Which of the following statements is true?

Pregnant women, very young children, and people who have weakened immune systems have high risk of food-borne illness.

. Which of the following statements is true?

Raw ground beef is often a source of E. coli O157:H7.

Jermaine wants to follow the "Check Your Steps" rules for food safety. When he prepares high-risk foods, he washes his hands before and after touching food, sanitizes surfaces that come in contact with foods, cooks raw foods to their safe internal temperatures, and chills leftovers within 30 minutes after serving them. After eating one of his meals, Jermaine and his dinner guests developed a food-borne illness. Based on this information, which step did he fail to take?

Separate

_____ is a type of parasitic worm that can be transferred to humans who eat raw or undercooked pork, bear, or seal meat.

Trichinella

Which of the following foods often is not a common source of food-borne pathogens?

White bread

_____ are poisonous substances produced by certain molds that can cause liver damage and death.

aflatoxins

According to the Food Additives Amendment of 1958,

an additive that was in use and deemed safe prior to 1958 was placed on the GRAS list.

Pathogens

are disease causing microbes

Which of the following types of pathogens is responsible for most cases of "traveler's diarrhea"?

bacteria

Home-canned low-acid foods, such as beans and corn, may be contaminated with Clostridium botulinum, a bacterium that produces a dangerous toxin. To destroy the toxin, the food should be

boiled for 10 minutes before tasting or eating.

Which of the following practices is the most reliable way of sanitizing impure water?

boiling the water

Which of the following homemade foods should never be tasted before boiling it for at least 10 minutes?

canned corn

During a natural disaster, it is safe to drink the fluid from

canned fruit juices

Felicia wants to follow the "Check Your Steps" rules for food safety. When she prepares high-risk foods, she avoids cross contamination, cooks raw foods to their safe internal temperatures, and chills leftovers within 30 minutes after serving them. After eating one of her meals, Felicia and her dinner guests developed a food-borne illness. Based on this information, which step did she fail to take?

clean

Deon wants to follow the "Check Your Steps" rules for food safety. When he prepares high-risk foods, he washes his hands before and after touching the food, sanitizes surfaces that come in contact with all foods, avoids cross contamination, serves raw or barely-cooked meats, and refrigerates leftovers within 30 minutes after serving them. After heating one of his meals, Deon and his dinner guests developed a food-borne illness. Based on this information, which step did he fail to take?

cook

Franco made dinner for his roommates. The meal included a baked cut-up chicken, fruit salad, and stir-fried rice with mixed vegetables. About 8 hours after eating dinner, Franco and his roommates experienced nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, and diarrhea. Based on this information, Franco probably

did not wash the knife that he used to cut up the chicken before using it to cut up the fruit.

Irina is an American who is traveling through Northern Africa. Today, she's staying with friends in a house that is 20 miles south of Cairo, Egypt. To avoid traveler's diarrhea, Irina should

drink only water that has been boiled or is in a sealed bottle.

Which of the following foods is frequently a source of food-borne pathogens?

egg salad

_____ often transmit pathogens to food.

flies

The process of pasteurization involves the use of

heat to kill pathogens

Which of the following pesticides kills weeds?

herbacides

Which of the following food preservation methods treats the food with a high amount of energy that destroys the genetic material of pathogens?

irridiating

Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he

marinates the cut-up pieces of raw chicken and uses the marinade to make a dipping sauce for the chicken.

During a natural disaster, it is safe to drink the water from

melted ice cubes that are in the freezer

Grace recently took a cruise onboard a luxury liner. A few days into her vacation, she developed signs of ____ infection, the most common food-borne illness in the United States.

norovirus

Kevin is an American who is staying in a hotel in Paris, France. To avoid traveler's diarrhea, Kevin should

not be concerned because France is a low-risk country.

Jillian is an American who is staying in a small town in Guatemala, Central America. To avoid traveler's diarrhea, Jillian should

not drink fresh water.

Harold grows apple trees on his small farm. He practices organic farming methods, so he doesn't use pesticides. This fall, he would like to make minimally-processed organic apple juice that does not contain preservatives. He wants to sell the beverage at the local farmer's market. Based on this information, Harold should _____ before bottling the juice to make it safe for consumers.

pastuerize

Which of the following substances is an intentional food additive?

pesticide residues

Which of the following foods is likely to be a source of Salmonella?

raw chicken

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?

ready to eat cereal

Which of the following food preservation methods is the most effective for destroying pathogens, including viruses?

sterilization

Anna enjoys grilling hamburgers, but she wants to reduce the chances that her food preparation practices result in food-borne illness. Which of the following steps should she avoid?

thawing the hamburger meat on the kitchen counter

. During a disaster, it is safe to drink the water from

undamaged water heaters

A ____ is simply a piece of genetic material coated with protein.

virus

A farmer in Iowa wants to control crop pests by using integrated pest management techniques. Based on this information, the farmer will use

viruses that attack a variety of weeds.

Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he

wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables.