Chapter 12

(Q030) The largest effort at educational institution building before the Civil War came in the movement to establish

Common Schools

(Q011) This first martyr of the antislavery movement was killed by a mob in Illinois while defending his press.

Elijah P. Lovejoy

(Q043) Horace Mann argued that it was not a school's responsibility to reinforce social stability by rescuing students from the influence of parents who failed to instill the proper discipline in their children.

False

(Q048) By 1860, tax-supported school systems for children had been established in every state.

False

(Q023) Between 1833 and 1840, about how many northerners joined abolitionist groups?

100,000

(Q034) Free blacks at antislavery conventions described themselves as gatherings of

"Colored Citizens."

(Q042) Many northern women were inspired and transformed by the abolitionist message, but few played an active role in spreading it.

False

(Q031) In 1832, this black woman became the first American woman to lecture to mixed male and female audiences.

Maria Stewart

(Q018) The idea of "perfectionism" was the view that

both individuals and society at large can be capable of indefinite improvement.

(Q020) Beginning in 1816, the American Colonization Society

wished both to abolish slavery and rid the nation of black people by sending American blacks to settle Africa.

(Q038) Free blacks were regularly excluded from

steamships

(Q028) At the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention in New York, Elizabeth Cady Stanton modeled the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments on

the Declaration of Independence.

(Q035) Free blacks drew upon what political office to justify "birthright citizenship"?

the President

(Q001) Which of the following social reforms took place in American society before the Civil War?

the expansion of public education

(Q055) Dorothea Dix was a leading advocate of abolitionism.

False

(Q012) The number of voluntary reform communities established in the decades before the Civil War that historians often call "utopian" communities--such as the Oneidan, Owenite, or Fourierist communities--numbered about

one hundred

(Q017) Which of the following were institutional asylums built during the 1830s and 1840s?

orphanages for children without families

(Q026) The 1836 "gag rule"

prohibited consideration of petitions calling for emancipation in the House of Representatives.

(Q009) Which of the following was a movement Abby Kelley was associated with?

women's rights

(Q051) Though women could not vote in the early-nineteenth-century United States, they did circulate petitions, march in parades, and deliver public lectures on a variety of topics.

True

(Q058) Abolitionists supported the idea of "wage slavery."

False

(Q021) The nineteenth-century view that there should be an immediate end to slavery and incorporation of freed persons into the republic as equal citizens is called

abolitionism.

(Q065) Dancing was forbidden in Shaker settlements.

False

(Q019) America's first black newspaper was called

Freedom's Journal.

(Q032) In her 1845 work Woman in the Nineteenth Century, this writer sought to apply to women the transcendentalist idea that freedom meant a quest for personal development.

Margaret Fuller

(Q004) Stretching from Maine to Kentucky, this was the most successful of the religious communities in the mid-1800s.

Shakers

(Q006) Why did Abby Kelly leave her infant to focus on lecturing?

She felt black mothers could not be with their babies because of slavery, so she worked toward abolitionism so that her child could be brought up in a "free" country.

(Q022) The Liberator, the abolitionist journal, was published in Boston in 1831 by

William Lloyd Garrison.

(Q037) The first legal treatise on the rights of free black Americans was written in 1838 by

William Yates, a white male abolitionist.

(Q002) The American Colonization Society called for

a gradual end to slavery and the resettlement of blacks outside the United States.

(Q013) "Complex marriage" at Oneida meant

any man and any woman could have sexual relations so long as the relationship was mutual and was recorded in a public record book.

(Q033) According to Pauline Davis in 1853, to emancipate women from "bondage," women must

go to work outside the home.

(Q062) Harriet Beecher Stowe was most famous for running the Underground Railroad.

False

(Q066) Brook Farm was a vibrant, successful, and active community for more than a century.

False

(Q069) The Liberator, the abolitionist journal, was published in Boston in 1831 by Lucretia Mott.

False

(Q053) Shakers were so named because they engaged in frenzied dancing.

True

(Q029) The American Tract Society, the American Bible Society, and other groups flooded these areas with copies of the gospel and pamphlets promoting religious virtue.

eastern cities and the western frontier

(Q025) One of the greatest evils in American society, _________, at first appeared to attract the least attention from the reformers.

slavery

(Q059)The black abolitionist Henry Highland Garnet decried those who wished to rise in rebellion to throw off their shackles of slavery, instead insisting on a more peaceful means of protest.

False

(Q060) As a group, Irish immigrants were one of the biggest supporters of the temperance movement.

False

(Q061) William Lloyd Garrison was most remembered for his book Uncle Tom's Cabin.

False

(Q014) Which statement is accurate regarding Brook Farm?

It required manual labor and intellectual pursuits by residents.

(Q015) Which of the following was a characteristic of Robert Owen's early-nineteenth-century utopian communities?

Owen promoted communitarianism as a way of making sure workers received the full value of their labor.

(Q073) The dramatic fall in the birthrate over the course of the nineteenth century suggests that many women were quietly exercising "personal freedom" in their most intimate relationships.

True

(Q010) "Gentlemen of property and standing" were

merchants with close commercial ties to the South.

(Q007) Which of the following was an area of public activism open to women during the 1830s and 1840s?

public meetings

(Q052) Similar to the Shaker practice of celibacy, the Oneida community exercised monogamous marriages.

False

(Q068) The utopian communities created in the first half of the nineteenth century were very similar in terms of structure and motivation.

False

(Q024) The Old State House Bell became "The Liberty Bell"

when abolitionists adopted it as a symbol of their cause for abolishing slavery

(Q071) In lecturing the public, Sojourner Truth exclaimed "and aren't I a woman" to reinforce the traditional roles of women.

False

(Q005) This utopian community was created in 1848 by John Humphrey Noyes, a son of a U.S. congressman.

Oneida

(Q036) Free blacks took what action when denied access by streetcar companies?

They sued the companies in court.

(Q040) The founders of Brook Farm envisioned a harmonious blend of physical labor, intellectual work, and leisure.

True

(Q044) In the decades before the Civil War, several thousand black Americans did emigrate to Liberia with the aid of the American Colonization Society.

True

(Q045) Disagreement over the role of women in antislavery campaigns contributed to a major split in the abolitionist movement.

True

(Q046) In the absence of a strong national government, American social and political activity was organized through voluntary associations such as churches, fraternal societies, and political clubs.

True

(Q047) To Theodore Weld, along with other abolitionist speakers, the only proper response to the sin of slavery was the institution's immediate elimination.

True

(Q054) Abby Kelley was one of the foremost female abolitionist orators in the country during her time.

True

(Q056) Many Americans saw the reform impulse as an attack on their own freedom, particularly the temperance movement.

True

(Q063) John Humphrey Noyes felt his followers had become so perfect that they had achieved a state of complete "purity of heart," or sinlessness.

True

(Q064) Uncle Tom's Cabin was to some extent modeled on the autobiography of fugitive slave Josiah Henson.

True

(Q067) According to the Shakers, God had a "dual" personality, encompassing both male and female sexes.

True

(Q070) The fight for the right to debate slavery openly and without reprisal led abolitions to elevate "free opinion."

True

(Q072) Southern defenders of slavery frequently linked slavery and marriage as natural and just forms of inequality.

True

(Q016) The region of the United States that came to be known as the "burned-over district" was

Upstate New York and northern Ohio.

(Q027) Dorothea Dix, a Massachusetts school teacher, was the leading proponent of

more humane treatment of the insane.