Chapter 12 - The Prostate Gland

apex

inferior portion of the prostate gland

prostate

composed of glandular and fibromuscular tissue and surrounds the proximal male urethra

central zone

- 25% of glandular tissue - located at the base of the prostate

peripheral zone

- 70% of the glandular tissue of the prostate - biggest portion of the prostate

peripheral zone

- its ducts drain into the distal segment of the urethra - homogenous, isoechoic echotexture

right and left ejaculatory duct, urethra

3 luminal structures traverse the prostate gland:

surgical capsule

A thin, hyper echoic band separates the peripheral zone and central zone. - shaped as a semi-circle and borders the central gland laterally and posteriorly

1/3

Fibromuscular structures account for _______ of the prostate

Transrectal ultrasound

TRUS

ejaculatory duct

The ________ _______ travels within the central zone of the gland to the midline where it joins the urethra at the verumontanum

prostatic urethra

The _________ _________ traverses the central portion of the prostate

glandular

The ____________ tissue accounts for 2/3 of the prostate and contains four zones

apex

The caudal end of the prostate is referred to as the

base

The cephalic portion of the prostate is referred to as the _______

iliac arteries

The prostate is supplied from the internal ______ ____________ by the prostaticvesical arteries

surgical capsule

a demarcation between the inner gland and the outer gland, which normally appears hypoechoic

verumontanum

a longitudinal elevation or ridge within the prosthetic urethral wall where the orifices of the ejaculatory ducts are located on either side

seminal vesicles

a pair of simple tubular glands that extend from out pouching of the vas deferens - located superior and posterior to the prostate, between the urinary bladder and rectum

Eiffel Tower sign

a shadowing created by calcification in the area of the urethra and verumontanum

corpora amylacea

calcifications commonly seen in the inner gland of the prostate

endogenous calculi

developing or grown from within; calculi formation within the substance of the prostate

exogenous calculi

developing or originating outside; calculi found in the urethra

ejaculatory ducts

duct that passes through the central zone and empties into the urethra

TRUS

evaluates prostate for malignancy, infertility, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, congenital abnormality

peripheral, transition, periurethral, central

four zones of the glandular tissue

prostate

funnel shaped, glandular structure surrounded by a fibrous capsule

prostate

measures on average 4 x 3 x 2

peripheral zone

most common location for carcinoma

vas deferens

reproductive duct that extends from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct; also known as the ductus deferens

TRUS

significant role in biopsy and treatment guidance

base

superior portion of the prostate gland

urethra

the primary anatomic reference point dividing the prostate into an anterior fibromuscular portion and a posterior glandular portion

TRUS (Transrectal ultrasound)

ultrasound procedure used to diagnose prostate cancer