chapter 12

In hypothesis testing, the test statistic must be compared against the __________. a. critical value b. obtained value c. significance level d. p value

a. critical value

Which statistical technique is used to examine one group of subjects under two different conditions? a. dependent-samples t-test b. independent-samples t-test c. regression d. analysis of variance

a. dependent-samples t-test

What is the term for what you indicated to be the difference you expect in a dependent-samples t test? a. hypothesized mean difference b. mean variance c. variance difference d. degrees of freedom

a. hypothesized mean difference

To determine if you should reject a null hypothesis, you should compare the _______ value and the ________ value. a. obtained; critical b. obtained; estimated c. valid; invalid d. estimated; reliable

a. obtained; critical

You run a t-test and find that your results indicate that t(38) = 4.15, p < 0.05. What is your decision? a. reject the null hypothesis b. ignore the null hypothesis c. accept the null hypothesis d. reject the research hypothesis

a. reject the null hypothesis

In the following, what is the number of 0.01: t(58) = 5.015, p < 0.01? a. significance level b. test statistic c. degrees of freedom d. t value

a. significance level

In order to determine whether you will reject the null hypothesis, with what must the test statistic be compared? a. the critical value b. the obtained value c. the p value d. the significance level

a. the critical value

When using a t test for dependent means, what is true of the sample? a. they are the same group b. there are more than 50 c. there are two different groups d. they are observed once

a. they are the same group

What is the sample size in a t test for dependent means when the degrees of freedom is 24? a. 24 b. 25 c. 26 d. 20

b. 25

Dr. Dean would like to find out if there was a significant difference between her patients' anxiety scores before and after they completed a meditation program. What is the appropriate test to run? a. factorial ANOVA b. dependent-samples t test c. independent-samples t-test d. Pearson's correlation

b. dependent-samples t-test

Dr. Dean would like to find out if there was a significant difference between male and female patients' anxiety scores. What is the appropriate test to run? a. dependent-samples t test b. independent-samples t test c. factorial ANOVA d. Pearson's correlation

b. independent-samples t test

What is the formula used to calculate degrees of freedom for a t test for dependent groups? a. n1 + n2 b. n - 1 c. n1 - 1 + n2 d. n1 + n2 - 1

b. n - 1

How many subjects were examined based on the following dependent-samples t-test: t(29) = 2.001, p < 0.05? a. 28 b. 31 c. 30 d. 29

c. 30

To examine the same group of individuals in two different times, which statistical technique should you select? a. independent-samples t-test b. regression c. dependent-samples t-test d. analysis of variance

c. dependent-samples t-test

If the critical value is less extreme than the obtained value, what decision should you make? a. reject the research hypothesis b. increase the sample size c. reject the null hypothesis d. accept the null hypothesis

c. reject the null hypothesis

Another name for a dependent-samples t-test is _________. a. freed sample b. single sample c. repeated measures d. double measures

c. repeated measures

In the formula that computes a t value, what does ΣD represent? a. sum of means for Group 1 b. sum of means for Group 2 c. sum of the differences between groups of scores d. sum of squared differences

c. sum of the differences between groups of scores

In the following, what is the meaning of t: t(58) = 5.015, p < 0.01? a. significance level b. t value c. test statistic d. degrees of freedom

c. test statistic

How many observations are there for each case in a t test for dependent samples? a. three b. one c. two d. three or more

c. two

What is used to examine the degree of the relationship between two variables? a. variance b. observations c. hypothesized mean difference d. correlation

d. correlation

To compute the t value, what must first be calculated to approximate the sample size? a. pooled variance b. mean score c. standard deviation d. degrees of freedom

d. degrees of freedom

What is the term for the average score for each variable in a dependent-samples t test? a. standard error b. standard deviation c. variance d. mean

d. mean

The formula used to calculate degrees of freedom for a dependent-samples t test is _________. a. n(1) b. n + 1 c. k - 1 d. n - 1

d. n - 1

Based on the formula for the t test for dependent means, what does the n represent? a. number of participants b. sum of the means c. sum of all scores d. number of pairs of observations

d. number of pairs of observations

The statistical procedure is used to generate the test statistic. What is the term for the test statistic? a. significance level b. p value c. critical value d. obtained value

d. obtained value

In the following, what is the number 5.015: t(58) = 5.015, p < 0.01? a. significance level b. test statistic c. degrees of freedom d. t value

d. t value

How many observations are there for each case in a t test for dependent samples? a. one b. three c. more than three d. two

d. two

The t test for dependent means is used when your sample is tested __________. a. two or more times b. one or more times c. one time d. two times

d. two times

If the obtained value in a dependent-samples t test exceeds the critical value, the null hypothesis must be accepted. true or false?

false

In hypothesis testing, the test statistic must be compared against the obtained value. true or false?

false

In the equation t(78) = 1.03, p < 0.01, the number of 0.01 refers to t value. true or false?

false

In the equation t(78) = 1.03, p < 0.01, the number 78 refers to degrees of freedom. true or false?

true

The test statistic must be compared against the critical value in hypothesis testing. true or false?

true

The t test for dependent means is also known as the t test for correlated samples. true or false?

true