chapter 13

17) Which of the following is the most frequently visited type of retail store? A) convenience store B) department store C) supermarket D) superstore E) off-price retailer

C) supermarket

36) Independent Grocers Alliance, Do-It Best, and Western Auto are examples of ________. A) franchise organizations B) warehouse clubs C) voluntary chains D) category killers E) wholesale clubs

C) voluntary chains

59) Franchises constitute only a small portion of all retail sales in the United States.

false

92) Most shopping centers are ________. A) strip malls B) regional shopping malls C) community shopping centers D) lifestyle centers E) power centers

) strip malls

121) Which term refers to looking at merchandise at a traditional store and then purchasing the merchandise online? A) pop-up shopping B) wheel-of-retailing C) off-price retailing D) showrooming E) wholesaling

D) showrooming

104) Retailers must work to ensure customers identify with their products. Differentiation and positioning are vital to communicating this message.

true

107) A strip mall contains between 5 and 15 retail stores.

true

44) Shopper marketing involves focusing the entire marketing process—from product and brand development to logistics, promotion, and merchandisings—toward turning shoppers into buyers at the point of sale.

true

46) Self-service retailers serve customers who are willing to perform their own locate-compare-select process to save time or money.

true

47) Full-service stores usually carry more specialty goods for which customers need or want assistance or advice.

true

49) Superstores are much larger than regular supermarkets and offer a large assortment of routinely purchased food products, nonfood items, and services.

true

52) Category killers are giant specialty stores that carry a very deep assortment of a particular line.

true

55) Independent off-price retailers either are independently owned and run or are divisions of larger retail corporations.

true

56) Corporate chains are two or more outlets that are commonly owned and controlled.

true

57) A voluntary chain is a wholesaler-sponsored group of independent retailers that engages in group buying and common merchandising.

true

58) In a retailer cooperative, independent retailers band together to set up a jointly owned, central wholesale operation and conduct joint merchandising and promotion efforts.

true

30) ________ are two or more outlets that are commonly owned and controlled. A) Corporate chains B) Convenience stores C) Off-price retailers D) Independent off-price retailers E) Power centers

A) Corporate chains

82) A ________ contains between 15 and 50 retail stores, including a department or variety store, a supermarket, specialty stores, professional offices, and sometimes a bank. A) community shopping center B) neighborhood shopping center C) strip mall D) regional shopping center E) power center

A) community shopping center

18) A ________ is a small store, located near a residential area that is open long hours seven days a week and carries a limited line of high-turnover goods. A) convenience store B) chain store C) department store D) supermarket E) specialty store

A) convenience store

118) When different types of retailers sell the same products at the same prices to the same customers, thanks in part to the price transparency of the Internet, the retail forms appear to be ________. A) converging B) differentiating C) repositioning D) adapting E) declining

A) converging

81) Upon determining who will want the product, retailers must determine in more detail how to ________ in those markets. A) differentiate and position themselves B) market themselves C) entice customers to them D) offer the correct products E) properly price the product offerings

A) differentiate and position themselves

88) Press conferences, speeches, store openings, special events, newsletters, and store magazines are examples of ________ activities used by retailers to promote themselves. A) public relations B) sales promotions C) personal selling D) affinity marketing E) social marketing

A) public relations

6) Retailers are classified on characteristics including the amount of service they offer, the breadth and depth of their product lines, how they are organized, and ________. A) the relative prices they charge B) the number of locations they have C) the strength of their Internet presence D) their sustainability and environmental policies E) the stability of their financial situation

A) the relative prices they charge

32) A ________ is a wholesaler-sponsored group of independent retailers that engages in group buying and common merchandising. A) voluntary chain B) retailer cooperative C) franchise D) wholesale club E) warehouse club

A) voluntary chain

29) Which of the following is an off-price retailer that operates in a huge, warehouse-like facility and offers few frills? A) warehouse club B) service retailer C) convenience store D) hypermarket E) superstore

A) warehouse club

24) ________ sell standard merchandise at lower prices by accepting lower margins and selling higher volume. A) Merchant wholesalers B) Discount stores C) Full-service retailers D) Limited-service retailers E) Factory outlets

B) Discount stores

28) ________ are manufacturer-owned and operated stores that offer prices as low as 50 percent below retail on a wide range of mostly surplus, discounted, or irregular items. A) Category killers B) Factory outlets C) Specialty stores D) Superstores E) Power centers

B) Factory outlets

93) ________ are huge unenclosed shopping centers consisting of a long strip of retail stores, including at least one large, freestanding anchor store like Walmart. Each store has its own entrance with parking directly in front for shoppers who wish to visit only one store. A) Shopping malls B) Power centers C) Superstores D) Chain stores E) Regional shopping centers

B) Power centers

1) ________ includes all the activities involved in selling products or services directly to final consumers for their personal, nonbusiness use. A) Franchising B) Retailing C) Brokering D) Wholesaling E) Disintermediation

B) Retailing

8) ________ is a type of service offered by those retailers who serve customers that are willing to perform their own "locate-compare-select" process in order to save money. A) Limited-service B) Self-service C) Full-service D) Specialty-service E) Wholesaling

B) Self-service

4) ________ involves using in-store promotions and advertising to extend brand equity to "the last mile" and encourage favorable point-of-purchase decisions. A) Differentiation B) Shopper marketing C) Social media marketing D) Retailer marketing E) Segmentation

B) Shopper marketing

101) Which of the following is most likely true about shoppers who prefer to shop at "lifestyle centers"? A) They use coupons. B) They prefer upscale stores. C) They prefer indoor shopping locations. D) They rarely dine out in expensive restaurants. E) They are motivated by deals on last year's merchandise.

B) They prefer upscale stores.

15) Which type of store carries a wide variety of product lines and has been squeezed in recent years between more focused and flexible specialty stores on the one hand and more efficient, lower-priced discounters on the other? A) warehouse clubs B) department store C) factory outlet D) merchant wholesaler E) category specialist

B) department store

97) Big and Tall Men's Shop carries men's clothing in larger sizes; this allows the store to ________ other stores. A) align itself with B) differentiate itself from C) cluster with D) affect the store atmosphere of E) converge with

B) differentiate itself from

34) Which of the following kind of organization best represents a contractual association based on some unique product or service, a method of doing business, or a trade name or goodwill? A) corporate chain B) franchise C) voluntary chain D) retailer cooperative E) warehouse club

B) franchise

40) Overstock.com, a Web seller that buys furniture, clothing, electronics, and more from a variety of producers at less-than-regular wholesale prices and then charges customers less than retail, is a(n) ________. A) specialty store B) off-price retailer C) factory outlet D) wholesale club E) category killer

B) off-price retailer

116) Target recently opened temporary shops to celebrate limited-run collections by Jason Wu in Toronto and Missoni in New York. These temporary shops are examples of ________. A) lifestyle centers B) pop-up stores C) warehouse clubs D) strip malls E) category killers

B) pop-up stores

31) As a result of the great success of corporate chains, many independent stores choose to band together in either a voluntary chain or a ________. A) factory outlet B) retailer cooperative C) wholesale club D) warehouse club E) convenience cooperative

B) retailer cooperative

86) In-store demonstrations, displays, sales, and loyalty programs are examples of ________. A) direct marketing B) sales promotion C) public relations D) personal selling E) affinity marketing

B) sales promotion

78) A large retailer of home improvement and construction products offers "how-to" classes for do-it-yourselfers, featuring instructions on how to complete home improvement projects using products sold at its stores. This is an example of how the retailer has differentiated itself through its ________. A) product assortment B) services mix C) segmentation D) atmosphere E) pricing

B) services mix

13) Today, ________ are flourishing due to the increased use of market segmentation and market targeting. A) chain stores B) specialty stores C) superstores D) discount stores E) off-price stores

B) specialty stores

39) Which of the following terms best describes a large, low-cost, low-margin, high-volume, self-service store that carries a wide variety of grocery and household products? A) convenience store B) supermarket C) specialty store D) warehouse club E) factory outlet

B) supermarket

23) ________ retailers in the United States are growing faster than product retailers. A) Discount B) Merchant C) Service D) Specialty E) Off-price

C) Service

98) The lighting in Jake's Steak Restaurant is dim. The chairs are covered in leather and each table is covered with a white linen cloth. The colors are limited to earth tones with an occasional splash of red. Patrons cannot hear any kitchen noises, only a pleasant melody that seems familiar but unrecognizable. The smells are extraordinarily varied. This is a description of the restaurant's ________. A) promotions B) target C) atmosphere D) services mix E) product assortment

C) atmosphere

35) Sears, Target, and Kroger are examples of ________. A) voluntary chains B) retailer cooperatives C) corporate chains D) franchise organizations E) warehouse clubs

C) corporate chains

33) McDonald's, Subway, and Jiffy Lube are all examples of ________. A) voluntary chains B) retailer cooperatives C) franchises D) category killers E) power centers

C) franchises

10) Which type of retailer usually carries more specialty goods at high prices and is more likely to provide customers with assistance in every phase of the shopping process? A) self-service retailer B) limited-service retailer C) full-service retailer D) independent retailer E) off-price retailer

C) full-service retailer

85) An ideal price policy scenario for retailers would be to achieve ________ while earning ________. A) low volume; high markups B) low volume; low markups C) high volume; high markups D) high volume; low markups E) high volume; zero markups

C) high volume; high markups

119) With their size and buying power, ________ can offer better merchandise selections, good service, and strong price savings to consumers. A) convenience stores B) franchises C) megaretailers D) power centers E) lifestyle centers

C) megaretailers

84) A ________ generally contains between 5 and 15 stores. It is close and convenient for consumers, usually contains a supermarket, perhaps a discount store, and several service stores such as a dry cleaner, a drugstore, and a hardware store. A) regional shopping center B) community shopping center C) neighborhood shopping center D) warehouse club E) factory outlet

C) neighborhood shopping center

124) Store retailers must master ________, integrating store and online channels into a single shopper experience. A) showrooming B) single-channel retailing C) omni-channel retailing D) webrooming E) dual-channel retailing

C) omni-channel retailing

115) Many retailers are now experimenting with limited-time shops that allow them to promote their brands to seasonal shoppers and create buzz in busy areas. Which of the following terms best represents such shops? A) power centers B) strip malls C) pop-up stores D) category killers E) lifestyle centers

C) pop-up stores

76) Daizy's is a shop that carries only plus-size clothing. According to this information, Daizy's differentiates itself from its competitors based on ________. A) service mix B) pricing C) product assortment D) store atmosphere E) distribution strategy

C) product assortment

91) A ________ is a group of retail businesses built on a site that is planned, developed, owned, and managed as a unit. A) warehouse club B) franchise C) shopping center D) supermarket E) hypermarket

C) shopping center

99) Which of the following best describes a similarity between Costco and Walmart? A) Both are warehouse clubs. B) Both target the same affluent market. C) Both are specialty stores. D) Both use everyday low pricing. E) Both are examples of merchant wholesalers.

D) Both use everyday low pricing.

16) ________ are facing slow sales growth because of slower population growth, increased competition, and the rapid growth of out-of-home eating. A) Warehouse clubs B) Off-price retailers C) Discount stores D) Supermarkets E) Factory outlets

D) Supermarkets

27) Which of the following is NOT a type of off-price retailer? A) independent B) factory outlet C) warehouse club D) category killer E) wholesale club

D) category killer

75) Changes to service differentiation include all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) smarter customers B) decreased services at department stores C) more price-sensitive consumers D) customers' willingness to pay more for identical brands E) increased services from discounters

D) customers' willingness to pay more for identical brands

79) Until retailers ________ their markets, they cannot make consistent decisions about product assortment, services, pricing, or advertising. A) create B) communicate with C) divide up D) define and profile E) design products for

D) define and profile

117) The online and mobile equivalent of a pop-up store is ________. A) door buster deals B) Black Friday specials C) high-low pricing D) flash sales sites E) everyday low pricing

D) flash sales sites

37) GameStop sells only video games and systems, offering a narrow product line with a deep assortment within that line. GameStop is a(n) ________. A) department store B) convenience store C) category killer D) specialty store E) off-price retailer

D) specialty store

87) Neighborhood shopping centers are also known as ________. A) power centers B) lifestyle centers C) warehouse clubs D) strip malls E) regional shopping centers

D) strip malls

9) ________ are retailers that offer sales assistance because they carry more shopping goods about which customers might need information. A) Self-service retailers B) Full-service retailers C) Off-price retailers D) Limited-service retailers E) Specialty-service retailers

E) Specialty-service retailers

21) Home Depot and PetSmart are examples of ________. A) factory outlets B) warehouse clubs C) superstores D) off-price retailers E) category killers

E) category killers

83) In addition to segmenting and targeting the correct market, which of the following is NOT an area in which marketers must make decisions? A) product assortment B) services mix C) store's atmosphere D) using experiential retailing E) manufacturing schedules

E) manufacturing schedules

103) Retailers first must position themselves in a market and then decide how they will define the target customers in these markets.

false

105) The colors, layout, and music in a store or a product package are only minor aspects of the shopping experience and marketers spend little time making decisions about them.

false

106) A neighborhood shopping center has from 50 to more than 100 stores.

false

43) Wholesaling includes all the activities involved in selling products or services directly to final consumers for their personal, nonbusiness use.

false

45) Department stores carry narrow product lines with deep assortments within those lines.

false

48) In recent years, convenience stores have redesigned their stores to closely focus on serving their primary target market made up of young, blue-collar men.

false

50) Supermarkets sell a limited selection of goods at deep discounts to consumers who pay membership fees.

false

51) Supermarkets are located near residential areas and are open long hours, seven days a week. They carry a limited line of high-turnover goods.

false

53) Off-price retailers pay regular wholesale prices for their merchandise but maintain low prices by accepting lower margins and selling higher volume.

false

54) A discount store buys at less-than-regular wholesale prices and charges consumers less than retail.

false

20) Which type of store carries a deep assortment of a particular product line, has knowledgeable staff, and can be viewed as a giant specialty store? A) category killer B) convenience store C) factory outlet D) warehouse club E) off-price retailer

A) category killer

7) At Neiman Marcus, a first-class department store, customers shop for high-end products and they are assisted in every phase of the shopping process. Neiman Marcus is a ________. A) full-service retailer B) limited-service retailer C) self-service retailer D) specialty store E) superstore

A) full-service retailer

26) As discount stores traded up, ________ have filled the ultra low-price, high-volume gap by buying at less-than-regular wholesale prices and charging consumers less than retail. A) off-price retailers B) specialty stores C) convenience stores D) chain stores E) supercenters

A) off-price retailers

95) Springfield, a convenience store, has recently begun to redesign and restock its stores to offer a more upscale environment with products such as house wines and fresh foods. This information indicates that Springfield has most likely changed its ________. A) positioning B) price strategy C) service level D) corporate identity E) organizational structure

A) positioning

38) Stop-N-Go , 7-Eleven, and Circle K are examples of ________. A) department stores B) convenience stores C) category killers D) specialty stores E) supermarkets

B) convenience stores

74) In recent years, service differentiation among retailers has ________. A) increased at a steady rate B) decreased C) stayed the same D) increased exponentially E) tripled

B) decreased

12) Which type of retailer is most likely to require its employees to focus most on assisting customers as they shop? A) self-service retailer B) full-service retailer C) off-price retailer D) limited-service retailer E) convenience retailer

B) full-service retailer

122) Retail online sites, mobile apps, and social media influence ________. A) overall retail sales B) in-store buying C) the number of likes and subscribers companies earn D) customers and their followers E) the number of products a company manufactures

B) in-store buying

90) Which of the following is most likely gained by stores that cluster together? A) decreased competition B) increased customer pulling power C) compliance with franchise agreements D) creation of retailer cooperatives E) standardization of the service mix

B) increased customer pulling power

94) A small, open-air mall with upscale stores, convenient locations, and nonretail activities, such as a playground, skating rink, hotel, dining establishments, and a movie theater, is an example of a ________. A) regional shopping center B) lifestyle center C) community shopping center D) franchise E) power center

B) lifestyle center

11) At JCPenney, a mid-level department store, customers shop for moderately priced products and they are assisted in some phases of the shopping process. JCPenney is a ________. A) full-service retailer B) limited-service retailer C) self-service retailer D) specialty store E) superstore

B) limited-service retailer

14) Specialty stores carry ________ with ________ within them. A) only convenience products; shallow assortments B) narrow product lines; deep assortments C) narrow product lines; shallow assortments D) wide product lines; shallow assortments E) wide product lines; deep assortments

B) narrow product lines; deep assortments

25) The early ________ cut expenses by offering few services and operating in warehouse-like facilities in low-rent, heavily traveled districts. A) department stores B) hypermarkets C) discount stores D) supermarkets E) full-service retailers

C) discount stores

3) Retailers connect brands with consumers in the ________ phases of the buying process. A) need identification B) evaluation of alternatives C) final D) information gathering E) post-purchase

C) final

100) Macy's department stores carry a wide range of product lines, including clothing, jewelry, kitchenware, and home furnishings. Macy's typically charges a relatively high markup, but also holds frequent sales and price promotions, in particular offering discounts to customers who use a Macy's credit card. Macy's uses ________. A) self-service retailing B) experiential retailing C) high-low pricing D) everyday low pricing E) retail convergence

C) high-low pricing

123) Touchscreen kiosks, handheld shopping assistants, interactive dressing-room mirrors and virtual sales associates are all examples of how retailers use technology to ________. A) maintain inventory costs B) send information between stores C) meet consumers' expectations D) produce more accurate forecasts E) interact with suppliers

C) meet consumers' expectations

77) ________ were the main form of retail clusters until the 1950s. A) Strip malls B) Discount stores C) Independent off-price retailers D) Central business districts E) Regional shopping malls

D) Central business districts

120) ________ is known as the merging of consumers, products, prices, and retailers. A) Retail conglomeration B) Consumer convergence C) Price merging D) Retail convergence E) Retail clustering

D) Retail convergence

96) Cabela's stores are as much natural history museums for outdoor enthusiasts as they are retail outlets. This information indicates that Cabela's is practicing ________. A) wholesaling B) nonstore retailing C) shopper marketing D) experiential retailing E) showrooming

D) experiential retailing

2) Many institutions, including retailers, wholesalers, and ________ do retailing. A) schools B) government agencies C) factory farmers D) manufacturers E) defense contractors

D) manufacturers

80) A ________ contains from 50 to 100 stores, is like a covered mini-downtown, and attracts customers from a wide area. A) community shopping center B) neighborhood shopping center C) central business district D) regional shopping center E) strip mall

D) regional shopping cente

22) Which of the following would be considered a service retailer? A) factory outlets B) supermarkets C) jewelry stores D) restaurants E) gas stations

D) restaurants

19) Which type of store is much larger than regular supermarkets and offers a large assortment of routinely purchased food products, nonfood items, and services? A) off-price retailer B) specialty store C) factory outlet D) superstore E) convenience store

D) superstore

5) ________ creates a seamless cross-channel buying experience that integrates in-store, online, and mobile shopping. A) Shopper marketing B) Point-of-purchase marketing C) Social media marketing D) Virtual marketing E) Omni-channel retailing

E) Omni-channel retailing

89) Digital promotions have grown in usage and include e-mail, social media, Web sites, and ________. A) demonstrations B) displays C) store flyers D) newsletters E) online ads and video

E) online ads and video