Chapter 13 (Prejudice and Stereotypes)- Social psychology

Monopoly study

-People played monopoly -Rich player= 2x the amount o starting money and more leniency in term (i.e. rolls 2 dice per turn) -Poor player= have the starting money, $100 salary when passing, go rolls 1 dice per turn. -RESULTS: Rich people= said they won because of "smart decisions" poor people= said they were losing because of no help and poor (disadvantaged)

Robber's Cave Experiment (PART 1)

-Realistic Conflict Example -Created Hostile groups at summer camp -boys only got to know the members in their own cabin at first. -Boys are then (after a while) told other boys are in the same camp -Boys were then participating in competitive activities RESULTS- 2 groups of boys really hated the other group

Realistic Conflict Theory

-intergroup hostility is produced by the existence of conflicting goals ›Groups believe they're in a competition, only one can be "on top" ›Robber's Cave Experiment: creating hostile groups at summer camp

What are some other examples of contact theory?

-people forced to live in dorms together who are of different races have better race relations and prejudice

What are the 3 types to of contemporary prejudice?

1. Ambivalent Sexism 2. Racial Resentment 3. Aversive Racism

What are the 3 components of prejudice?

1. Effective/emotional component 2. Cognitive component 3. Behavioral component

stereotype

A generalized belief about a group of people

Prejudice

A hostile or negative attitude toward people in a distinguishable group, based solely on their membership in that group.

What does racial resentment predict?

Behaviors that perpetuate racial inequality.

What do the benevolent and hostile component have in common with each other in "Ambivalent Sexism"? What is some evidence?

Both perpetuate women in low-status positions, but in different ways. -Cross-cultural evidence= economic date shows that the more gender equality, the less sexism was present in the economy.

What are the 4 things the hostile component relates to? (I SHED a tear because you are hostile)

Correlates with overt discrimination: 1. Segregation 2. Harassment 3. Exclusion 4. Demeaning comments

What is the example of aversive racism with the job candidate highering?

IV=black or white candidate Iv=qualifications: strong, medium, weak DV: recommendation for hire evaluated: -white or black name -qualification: test scores, gpa, experience, etc RESULTS: When the candidates were equally medium qualified for the position, white people got higher more.

Contact Theory

If you were to change attitudes between hostile groups, you have to have a personal experience where you realize members were wrong requirements: -equal status -common goals and cooperation -support from authority -personal interactions -interactions to other members of the group

What are the 4 things the Benevolent component relates to? (Over prasing praise is Denial)

Less blatant discrimination (Appears prosocial): 1.Overhelping 2.Praising minor accomplishments 3.Praise instead of promotion 4.Denial of autonomy

Ambivalent Sexism- benevolent component (Give an example)

Less blatant discrimination: examples: -"Women should be cherished and protected by men." - "Many women have a quality of purity that few men possess." -"No matter how accomplished he is, a man is not truly complete as a person unless he has the love of a woman."

Racial resentment

The belief that racism does not occur anymore. -Believe that minorities are getting too much special treatment

Robber's Cave (Part II)

There was a broken down truck in which both groups of boys and there was leaky water tank. Both sets of boys helped out and fixed the truck which brought them together.

Ambivalent Sexism-hostile component (Give an example)

blantantly insulting women and criticizing them: examples: "Women get a kick out of teasing men by seeming sexually available and then refusing male advances." "Women are too easily offended."

recategorization

common ingorup identity model: Thinking of outgroup members as part of a new bigger ingroup

Has explicit prejudice decline or increased over the years?

declined

Cognitive component of prejiduce

involving beliefs and or thoughts that make up the attitude.

Behavioral component of prejiduce

relating to one's actions.

Effective/emotional component of prejudice

representing both the type of emotion linked with attitude and the intensity of the emotion

illusory Correlation

the perception of a relationship where none exists

Aversive Racism

›Attitudes towards a racial group combining Egalitarian values and Negative emotions ›Different explicit and implicit attitudes

Social Categorization

›Differentiating between ingroups and outgroups ›Self-esteem maintenance ›Minimal Groups Experiments: Even meaningless groups can lead us to act in a biased way