Chapter 13 Quiz

How many moles of NaF are in 34.2 grams of a 45.5% by mass NaF solution?

0.371

If you add 4.00 mL of pure water to 6.00 mL of 0.750 M NaCl solution, what is the concentration of sodium chloride in the diluted solution?

0.450 M

A solution mass of 1 k g is times greater than 100 g, thus one kilogram (1 k g) of a 2.5% K I solution would contain of KI.

10, 25g

What mass (in grams) of fructose (C6H12O6) is contained in 125 mL of a 0.500 M fructose solution?

11.3

Order the steps involved in the formation of a solution. Rank the steps involved in the dissolution of salt in water from first step to last step. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.

1.) NaCl crystal is added to the water 2.) The Cl- ions are attracted to the water molecules 3.) The Na+ ions are attracted to the water molecules * 2 and 3 happen simultaneously (overlap) 4.) NaCl solution

A 2.5% (by mass) solution concentration signifies that there is of solute in every 100 g of solution.

2.5 g

Therefore, when 2.5%% is expressed as a ratio of solute mass over solution mass, that mass ratio would be

2.5/100 or 2.5 grams of solute/100 grams of solution.

You need to prepare 2.00 L of 0.100 M Na2CO3 solution. The best procedure is to weigh out:

21.2 g Na2CO3 and add water until the final solution has a volume of 2.00 L.

What molarity should the stock solution be if you want to dilute to and have the final concentration be ?

8.24 M

How would you prepare 2.90 LL of a 4.00 MM solution from a 13.0 MM stock solution?

Dilute 0.892 L of the 13.0 M solution to 2.90 L.

A saturated solution holds the maximum amount of solute under the solution conditions.

False

Ionic solutes typically dissolve in nonpolar solvents.

False

The major component in a solution is called the solute.

False

Consider the preparation of a NaCl salt solution using coarse crystals of NaCl in an unstirred container at room temperature. Classify the following conditions based on the change in the rate of dissolution of NaCl in water compared to the initial preparation if the dissolution process is endothermic. Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.

Faster dissolution processes: NaCl salt is added to water, and the mixture is heated. Finely powdered NaCl salt is added to water. NaCl salt is added to water, and the mixture is stirred. Slower dissolution processes: A large piece of NaClNaCl salt is added to water. NaClNaCl salt is added to water, and the mixture is cooled.

Classify the substances according to the strongest solute-solvent interaction that will occur between the given substances and water during dissolution. Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.

Ion-dipole forces: AlCl3,MgI2 Hydrogen bonding: CH3OH, HF

Given the formula M1V1=M2V2, where M indicates concentration and V indicates volume, which equation represents the correct way to find the concentration of the dilute solution (M2)?

M2=M1V1/V2

Watch the animation, then check off the samples that will conduct electricity.

NaCl solution

Identify the type of interactions involved in each of the following processes taking place during the dissolution of sodium chloride (NaClNaCl) in water. Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.

Solvent-solvent interactions: interactions involving dipole-dipole attractions interactions between the water molecules Solute-solute interactions: interactions between the ions of sodium chloride interactions involving ion-ion attractions Solute-solvent interactions: interactions formed between the sodium ions and the oxygen atoms of water molecules interactions formed during hydration

A supersaturated solution is unstable and crystallization usually occurs.

True

Steel is an example of a solid solution.

True

The fact that the oceans contain salt water shows that polar solvents dissolve ionic solutes.

True

The solubility of solids in water generally increases with increasing temperature.

True

When an ionic compound dissolves in water:

each of the above (A, B, and C) occurs. the solvent-solute attractive forces overcome the solute-solute attractions. the negative end of water dipoles attract the positive ions. the positive end of water dipoles attract the negative ions.

Five different substances are given to you to be dissolved in water. Which substances are most likely to undergo dissolution in water? Check all that apply.

ethanol, CH3CH2OH potassium fluoride, KF sodium fluoride, NaF *Solution formation is favored by an increase in disorder of the system. Unless solute-solute and solvent-solvent interaction are strong relative to solute-solvent interactions, a solution will form when an ionic substance is added to water. For a nonpolar substance, the solute-solvent interactions are weak relative to solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions, and therefore it will not form a solution in water.

Mass percent of the solution is the relationship between __________.

mass of solute and mass of solution

Which of the following substances is NOT a solution?

oxygen

Which of the following best describes a mixture that has the same composition throughout?

solution

The oxygen in the air we breath is classified as:

the solute in a homogeneous gas mixture