Chapter 14

Ependymal cells are most likely found at which structure? A) 10 B) 2 C) 9 D) 3 E) 7

B) 2

________ is a condition resulting from an inflammation of a facial nerve. A) Cerebral palsy B) Bell's palsy C) Addison's disease D) Gout E) Tic douloureux

B) Bell's palsy

Identify the nerve that goes beyond the head and neck to innervate the thorax and abdomen. A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 10 E) 2

A) 5

CSF is absorbed into the venous circulation via arachnoid granulations. Identify an arachnoid granulation. A) 8 B) 1 C) 10 D) 2 E) 4

A) 8

At the optic chiasm, A) axons from the medial halves of each retina cross. B) axons from the lateral halves of each retina cross. C) axons from the retinae synapse on those from the other half. D) the olfactory nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain. E) the optic nerve enters the cerebellum.

A) axons from the medial halves of each retina cross.

45) Identify the structure labeled "1 A) choroid plexus B) cerebral aqueduct C) third ventricle D) subarachnoid space E) corpus callosum

A) choroid plexus

In each ventricle is a blood vessel network called the ________ that produces cerebrospinal fluid. A) choroid plexus B) jugular vein C) carotid artery D) vertebral artery E) dural sinus

A) choroid plexus

A reflex that is used to assess the sensory function of the trigeminal nerve is the ________ reflex. A) corneal B) tympanic C) auditory D) vestibulocochlear E) spinal

A) corneal

The term used to describe the crossing over of a tract to the side of the nervous system opposite to where the axons originated is A) decussation. B) contralateral. C) ascending crossovers. D) pyramidal tracts. E) consensual tracts

A) decussation.

Identify the structure labeled "7." A) dura mater B) lateral ventricle C) fourth ventricle D) subarachnoid space E) filum terminale

A) dura mater

Which cranial nerve is tested by having the patient stick out their tongue? A) hypoglossal B) vagus C) facial D) glossopharyngeal E) abducens

A) hypoglossal

The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the A) hypothalamus. B) thalamus. C) brain stem. D) mesencephalon E) pons.

A) hypothalamus.

This structure of the medulla oblongata relays information from the red nuclei, midbrain, and the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum. A) inferior olivary complex B) reticular formation C) nucleus gracilis D) nucleus cuneatus E) solitary nucleus

A) inferior olivary complex

Cerebrospinal fluid A) is secreted by ependymal cells B) is formed by a passive process. C) is normally produced twice as fast as it is removed. D) has almost the same composition as blood plasma. E) contains blood cells and blood plasma.

A) is secreted by ependymal cells

Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains. A) larger B) smaller C) the same size D) very smooth E) more convoluted

A) larger

Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the A) medulla oblongata. B) pons. C) midbrain. D) diencephalon. E) cerebellum.

A) medulla oblongata.

As you ascend from the medulla oblongata to the cerebrum, the functions of each successive level become A) more complex .B) simpler. C) better understood. D) more crucial to visceral functions. E) critical to reflexes.

A) more complex

The only sensation that is received directly by the cerebrum is A) olfaction. B) gustation. C) hearing. D) vision. E) dizziness.

A) olfaction.

What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain? A) pia mater B) arachnoid mater C) dura mater D) cranial plexus E) choroid plexus

A) pia mater

During development, three primary brain vesicles form. The three vesicles are the A) prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon. B) telencephalon, diencephalon, and mesencephalon. C) mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon. D) cerebrum, diencephalon, and midbrain. E) rhombencephalon, diencephalon, and telencephalon

A) prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon.

You suspect your friend has damage to cranial nerve I when he is unable to A) smell his food. B) smile. C) blink his eyes. D) nod his head. E) hear your voice.

A) smell his food.

During embryonic development, which of the following secondary brain vesicles will form the cerebrum? A) telencephalon B) diencephalon C) mesencephalon D) metencephalon E) myelencephalon

A) telencephalon

Which dural fold separates the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum? A) tentorium cerebelli B) falx cerebelli C) falx cerebri D) longitudinal fissure E) superior sagittal sinus

A) tentorium cerebelli

The patient has the following symptoms: change in vocal tone, problems swallowing, inability to control urination, erratic heart rate, and gastric problems. You would identify the problem as being related to the A) vagus nerve. B) accessory nerve. C) abducens nerve. D) trigeminal nerve. E) hypoglossal nerve.

A) vagus nerve.

The cranial nerves that innervate the extrinsic eye muscles are A) I, II, and III. B) III, IV, and VI. C) II, III, and IV. D) II and VI. E) III and V

B) III, IV, and VI.

Which of the following is true about the cerebral cortex? A) It is a deep layer of gray matter. B) It is a superficial layer of gray matter. C) It is a deep layer of white matter. D) It is a superficial layer of white matter. E) It is a deep layer of both white and gray matter.

B) It is a superficial layer of gray matter.

Which of the following is not a property of the blood-brain barrier? A) The capillary endothelial cells are interconnected by tight junctions. B) It is very permeable to many water and lipid-soluble compounds. C) Astrocytes surround the CNS capillaries. D) It is absent in portions of the hypothalamus. E) It is intact except in areas known as circumventricular organs.

B) It is very permeable to many water and lipid-soluble compounds.

Identify the nerve labeled "3." A) facial B) abducens C) trochlear D) trigeminal E) vagus

B) abducens

A patient suffers an inability to shrug their shoulders. The nerve most likely to be damaged is the A) vagus. B) accessory. C) facial. D) trigeminal. E) vestibulocochlear.

B) accessory.

The choroid plexus is composed of A) lymphatic vessels. B) blood vessels. C) nerve fibers. D) ganglia. E) subarachnoid granulations.

B) blood vessels.

The medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain comprise the A) basal ganglia. B) brain stem. C) mesencephalon. D) ventricles. E) diencephalon.

B) brain stem.

Identify the structure labeled "10." A) arbor vitae B) central canal C) corpus callosum D) pons E) diencephalon

B) central canal

Specialized ________ form the secretory component of the choroid plexus. A) epididymal cells B) ependymal cells C) arachnoid cells D) astrocyte E) blood cells

B) ependymal cells

The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the A) dural sinus. B) falx cerebri. C) tentorium cerebelli. D) falx cerebelli. E) choroid plexus

B) falx cerebri.

A patient develops a tumor of a cranial nerve that leads to difficulty in speaking from a loss of tongue movement. Which cranial nerve is affected? A) glossopharyngeal B) hypoglossal C) vagus D) spinal accessory E) trigeminal

B) hypoglossal

The passageway between the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle is the A) posterior foramen. B) interventricular foramen. C) cerebral aqueduct. D) lateral foramen. E) central canal.

B) interventricular foramen.

Cardiovascular centers located in the ________ adjust the heart rate, the strength of cardiac contractions, and the flow of blood through the peripheral tissues. A) pons B) medulla oblongata C) prefrontal cortex D) thalamus E) midbrain

B) medulla oblongata

Droopy eyelids and double vision can result from injury to the ________ nerve. A) optic B) oculomotor C) trochlear D) olfactory E) facial

B) oculomotor

What is the function of the structure labeled "7"? A) vision B) olfaction C) taste D) auditory E) eye movement

B) olfaction

List the maters surrounding the brain from the deepest layer to the most superficial layer. (Figure 14-3) A) dura, arachnoid, pia B) pia, arachnoid, dura C) arachnoid, dura, pia D) arachnoid, pia, dura E) pia, dura, arachnoid

B) pia, arachnoid, dura

The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem are located in the A) medulla oblongata .B) pons. C) mesencephalon. D) diencephalon. E) thalamus.

B) pons.

Identify the structure labeled "9." A) dura mater B) superior sagittal sinus C) lateral ventricle D) subarachnoid space E) arachnoid granulation

B) superior sagittal sinus

To return CSF to circulation, arachnoid granulations extend into the A) subarachnoid space. B) superior sagittal sinus. C) carotid canal. D) inferior sagittal sinus. E) jugular foramen

B) superior sagittal sinus.

Damage to the medulla oblongata can result in death because A) electrical activity originates within the medulla. B) the vital centers for the control of blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing are located there. C) the blood might not be able to circulate properly around the brain. D) body temperature is controlled by the medulla. E) digestive processes are controlled by the medulla.

B) the vital centers for the control of blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing are located there.

Identify the nerve labeled "11." A) oculomotor B) trigeminal C) trochlear D) abducens E) optic

B) trigeminal

Jean needs to have a tooth in her mandible filled. Her dentist injects a local anesthetic to block pain afferents in one of her cranial nerves. What cranial nerve does the dentist numb? A) trochlear B) trigeminal C) facial D) glossopharyngeal E) hypoglossal

B) trigeminal

There are ________ pairs of cranial nerves. A) 2 B) 6 C) 12 D) 22 E) 31

C) 12

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the A) jugular veins. B) central canal. C) arachnoid granulations. D) tentorium cerebelli. E) frontal sinus.

C) arachnoid granulations.

Identify the structure labeled "3." A) lateral ventricles B) corpora quadrigemina C) cerebral aqueduct D) pons E) central canal

C) cerebral aqueduct

How rapidly is the CSF volume replaced? A) every 20 minutes B) every 2 hours C) every 8 hours D) every 2 days E) every week

C) every 8 hours

Identify the nerve labeled "12." A) trochlear B) trigeminal C) facial D) abducens E) vagus

C) facial

Two large venous sinuses, the sagittal sinuses, lie within a dural fold called the A) cerebral aqueduct. B) basal ganglia. C) falx cerebri. D) tentorium cerebelli. E) septum pellucidum.

C) falx cerebri.

The lateral ventricles are found A) in the cerebellar hemispheres. B) between the pons and the midbrain. C) in the cerebral hemispheres. D) in the diencephalon. E) in the spinal cord.

C) in the cerebral hemispheres.

Sensory innervation of the lower teeth and gums is by the ________ nerve. A) ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal B) maxillary branch of the trigeminal C) mandibular branch of the trigeminal D) glossopharyngeal E) hypoglossal

C) mandibular branch of the trigeminal

What structures make up the brainstem? (Figure 14-1) A) cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon B) diencephalon, midbrain, cerebellum C) midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata D) hypothalamus, thalamus, epithalamus E) pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum

C) midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain? A) cerebrum B) diencephalon C) prosencephalon D) brainstem E) cerebellum

C) prosencephalon

Which of the following symptoms would you associate with damage to the spinal accessory nerve? A) loss of the sense of taste B) tooth pain C) weakness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle D) lack of facial expression E) dry mouth from lack of saliva

C) weakness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Identify the structure labeled "4." A) cerebral aqueduct B) lateral C) sagittal sinus D) 4th ventricle E) choroid plexus

D) 4th ventricle

Identify the spinal accessory nerve (XI). A) 10 B) 11 C) 9 D) 6 E) 3

D) 6

The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue. A) 15 percent B) 25 percent C) 68 percent D) 97 percent E) 35 percent

D) 97 percent

Which statement is true regarding cerebrospinal fluid? A) CSF is identical in composition to blood plasma. B) CSF is made during fetal development and does not change through the lifetime of the person. C) There is about a liter of CSF within the brain and spinal cord. D) If CSF is not properly resorbed, the result would be hydrocephalus. E) CSF moves back into the blood supply by the process of osmosis.

D) If CSF is not properly resorbed, the result would be hydrocephalus

When you perform a physical activity that you have not done in a while, such as riding a bike, which area of your brain coordinates your movements with learned experiences? A) thalamus B) pons C) midbrain D) cerebellum E) medulla oblongata

D) cerebellum

Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brain stem? A) medulla oblongata B) pons C) mesencephalon D) diencephalon E) cerebellum

D) diencephalon

The dural venous sinuses are located in the A) paranasal cavity. B) arachnoid folds. C) pia mater. D) dural folds. E) tentorium cerebelli.

D) dural folds.

The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the A) first. B) second. C) third. D) fourth. E) lateral.

D) fourth.

The rounded elevations of the cerebrum that increase its surface area are called A) sulci. B) fissures. C) cortical folds. D) gyri. E) dural sinuses.

D) gyri.

What is the function of the nerve labeled "4"? A) vision B) olfaction C) taste D) hearing and balance E) eye movement

D) hearing and balance

Which sensation(s) does the vestibulocochlear nerve carry? A) hearing B) balance C) atmospheric pressure D) hearing and balance E) hearing, balance, and taste

D) hearing and balance

The brain requires a substantial blood supply. The vessels that deliver blood to the brain are the A) external carotid arteries. B) facial arteries. C) jugular veins. D) internal carotid and vertebral arteries. E) dural sinuses

D) internal carotid and vertebral arteries.

The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the A) cerebrum. B) cerebellum. C) diencephalon. D) medulla oblongata. E) thalamus.

D) medulla oblongata.

The cerebellum and pons develop from the A) telencephalon. B) diencephalon. C) mesencephalon. D) metencephalon. E) myelencephalon.

D) metencephalon.

Olfactory receptors send axons through the cribriform plate and synapse on neurons in the A) medulla. B) thalamus. C) cerebral cortex. D) olfactory bulb. E) olfactory tract.

D) olfactory bulb.

Which of the following nerves is purely sensory? A) vagus B) trochlear C) abducens D) optic E) hypoglossal

D) optic

The dural sinuses form between which two layers of the cranial dura mater? A) pia and arachnoid layers B) periosteal and endosteal layers C) meningeal and cranial layers D) periosteal and meningeal layers E) superior and inferior sagittal layers

D) periosteal and meningeal layers

Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid? A) provides cushioning for delicate neural tissues B) provides buoyant support for the brain C) acts as a transport medium for nutrients D) produces ATP for impulse transmission E) acts as a transport medium for waste products

D) produces ATP for impulse transmission

What contains a spider web-like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows? A) subdural space B) dural sinus C) falx cerebri D) subarachnoid spaceE) pia mater

D) subarachnoid space

Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the A) medulla oblongata. B) pons. C) midbrain. D) thalamus. E) cerebellum.

D) thalamus.

The cranial nerve that has three major branches is the A) abducens. B) facial. C) vagus. D) trigeminal. E) glossopharyngeal.

D) trigeminal.

Tony hit his head in a car accident. The physicians diagnosed him with a subdural hemorrhage. Which of the following correctly states where the bleeding has occurred in his brain? A) Blood is between the dura mater and the skull. B) Blood is between the pia mater and arachnoid mater. C) Blood is between the pia mater and the brain. D) Blood is between the superior sagittal sinus and inferior sagittal sinus. E) Blood is between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater.

E) Blood is between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater.

Which statement is true regarding the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid of the spinal cord and brain? A) Spinal fluid is secreted both in the brain and in the spinal cord areas .B) There is an epidural space associated with the spinal meninges, but not with the cranial meninges. C) The meninges around the brain are not the same as those around the spinal cord. D) There is a subarachnoid space within the spinal meninges but not the cranial meninges. E) The choroid plexuses are located only within the brain, not within the spinal cord.

E) The choroid plexuses are located only within the brain, not within the spinal cord.

A patient comes into the emergency room with weakness on one side and difficulty walking and talking. You determine that the brain has been deprived of oxygen due to lack of regional blood flow. You suspect that patient has most likely experienced A) a subdural hemorrhage. B) meningitis. C) hydrocephalus D) cranial trauma. E) a cerebrovascular accident

E) a cerebrovascular accident

Hydrocephalus, or "water on the brain," may result from A) deficient production of cerebrospinal fluid. B) excessive production of cerebrospinal fluid. C) blockage of circulation of CSF. D) excessive water intake. E) blockage of CSF circulation or excessive CSF production.

E) blockage of CSF circulation or excessive CSF production.

The medulla oblongata regulates A) somatic motor contractions. B) food intake. C) auditory reflexes. D) vision and hearing. E) blood pressure and respiration.

E) blood pressure and respiration.

Difficulty in swallowing may be a sign of damage to which cranial nerve(s)? A) vagus B) facial C) glossopharyngeal D) hypoglossal E) glossopharyngeal and vagus

E) glossopharyngeal and vagus

The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems. A) cerebellum B) medulla oblongata C) cerebrum D) pons E) hypothalamus

E) hypothalamus

Identify the structure labeled "1." A) mammillary body B) infundibulum C) oculomotor nerve D) olfactory bulb E) optic nerve

E) optic nerve

The wall between the lateral ventricles is called the A) cerebral aqueduct. B) fornix. C) falx cerebri. D) corpus callosum. E) septum pellucidum.

E) septum pellucidum.

Identify the structure labeled "6." A) choroid plexus B) fourth ventricle C) lateral ventricle D) cerebral aqueduct E) subarachnoid space

E) subarachnoid space

Chambers within the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid are called A) plexuses. B) ganglia. C) sinuses. D) aqueducts. E) ventricles.

E) ventricles.

Which cranial nerve sends balance sensations to the brain? A) facial B) trigeminal C) olfactory D) vagus E) vestibulocochlear

E) vestibulocochlear

What is the function of the nerve labeled "5"? A) movement of the tongue B) facial expression C) vision D) taste E) visceral sensation and motor control

E) visceral sensation and motor control