Chapter 14

16. Compared to Western parents, Chinese parents spend approximately _____ times as long every day drilling academic activities with their children.

10

5. _____ percent of public high school students in the United States will drop out before graduation.

30

3. America's faith in education is based on the assumption that _____.

A democratic society requires an educated citizenry

22. Achievement gaps in reading, writing, and mathematics persist between minority and White students. With the exception of _____ students, minority students are much more likely to be below the basic levels of math upon entering high school.

Asian American

24. Children of the affluent are advantaged in admittance to elite universities because of admission criteria that favor the _____.

Children of alumni

15. Supporters of _____ argue that states have "dummied down standards" and that students should be held to higher expectation.

Common core

4. Many problems in U.S. schools are related to the lack of student interest. According to the textbook authors, this is the downside of _____ education.

Compulsory

1. The formal system of education in all societies is _____, because the avowed function of the schools is to teach newcomers the attitudes, values, roles, specialties, and training necessary for the maintenance of society.

Conservative

17. One advantage to the Common Core is that if children change schools, the curriculum at their new school will be similar to their old school. In the United States, families move on average once ______.

Every 5 years

19. In 2013, eighth graders eligible for _____ averaged 27 points lower in math than students who were not.

Free school lunch

27. _____ may be functional for society and for students who will act out their lives in large bureaucracies, but it is not conducive to personal integrity and to acting out against situations that ought to be changed.

Hidden curriculum

29. According to the video presentation "Hidden Inequities: How Differences in Parents' Income Play Out in Schools," _____ parents are more likely to volunteer at their child's school and to more frequently attend school meetings.

High income

28. According to the video presentation "Hidden Inequities: How Differences in Parents' Income Play Out in Schools," parents who earn $30,000 or less a year are _____; parents who earn $75,000 a year or more are _____.

High income; low income

18. Data confirms that the higher the educational attainment, the _____.

Higher the income

23. Which type of students are five times more likely to receive special accommodations for a learning disability when they take the SAT?

Low income

30. As explained in the video presentation "Hidden Inequities: How Differences in Parents' Income Play Out in Schools," being involved more socially at school may make parents _____ speaking up for what they want for their child.

More comfortable

2. The special task of all schools is to _____ the culture.

Preserve

20. The term _____ is used for the percentage of 16- to 24-year-olds who are not enrolled in school and have not earned a high school diploma or equivalency.

Status drop out

26. _____ has a profound effect on student performance, because when students are overrated, they tend to overproduce and when they are underrated, they underachieve.

Teacher expectations

14. _____ is an initiative to develop international benchmarks for all states so that all students are prepared to be competitive in a globalized market.

The common core state standards Initiative

25. _____ refers to sorting students into different groups or classes according to their perceived intellectual ability.

Tracking

10. In the 1990s, studies conducted at Wellesley and by the American Association of University Women argued that _____ were being shortchanged by schools. In the 21st century, other researchers say that _____ are the ones who are not being well-served by schools.

boys; girls

11. According to writer Gerry Garibaldi (2006), boys are increasingly disengaged in the _____ classroom.

feminized

7. According to the National Center for Education Statistics in 2010, 1.5 million children were being _____ rather than attending public or private schools.

home schooled

8. Critics of educational reforms such as private schools, charter schools, and voucher systems point out that these trends are working against _____.

inclusiveness through desegregation

9. Public schools are primarily controlled at the _____ level.

local

21. According to Carey and Rosa (2008), federal state, and local policymakers give _____ resources to students who have more resources, and _____ to those who have less.

more; less

6. U.S. schools are characterized by a preoccupation with _____ and _____.

order; control

13. The goal of the No Child Left Behind Act signed by George W. Bush in 2002 was to close the gaps that plague education in the United States and make _____ accountable for success or failure.

schools

12. Despite the arguments about whether boys or girls are being failed more by the schools, the fact remains that for every statistic that indicates a gender gap, there is an even larger gap by _____.

social class and race