Chapter 14: Energy Resources- Fossil Fuels

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Oil, natural gas, and coal are examples of...

1) fossil fuels 2) hydrocarbon fuel 3) nonrenewable resources

________________________ is the process by which coal is converted into a liquid hydrocarbon fuel.

Liquefaction

__________ is the most common gaseous hydrocarbon in natural gas.

Methane

The nation having the largest proven reserves of crude oil is...

Saudi Arabia.

The environmental disaster that has effected the town of Centralia, Pennsylvania was caused by...

an underground coal-mine fire.

The term _______________ describes processes that occur in the absence of oxygen.

anaerobic

As heat and pressure act upon petroleum, it finally becomes...

natural gas.

____________ ___________ are hydrocarbon energy sources formed from the remains of once-living organisms.

Fossil fuels

_____________________ is the process by which coal is converted into a gaseous hydrocarbon fuel.

Gasification

___________ _____________ are sedimentary rocks containing a viscous, tar-like petroleum.

Tar sands

The largest recoverable U.S. energy reserve is...

coal.

The reservoir now believed to contain the largest amount of carbon is...

gas hydrates.

Coal subjected to overly high temperatures will metamorphose into...

graphite.

As societies evolve from primitive to technological, the energy consumption associated with agriculture...

increases.

The hydrocarbon fuel in oil shale is...

kerogen.

Geopressurized zones might one day become an important source of...

natural gas.

The U.S. has about two-thirds of the world's known resources of...

oil shale.

An oil well "gusher" would be an example of...

primary recovery

The substance found in coal that contributes to acid rainfall is...

sulfur.

All of the following are problems in the development of oil shale in the U.S. as a viable energy resource except...

the low quality of the oil.

__________ _______________ is a sedimentary rock containing waxy hydrocarbon fuel called kerogen.

Oil shale

Which of the following fuels would give off the most heat per given unit weight?

anthracite

The U.S. has about two-thirds of the world's supply of tar sands.

False

The U.S. has consumed about half of its total coal resources.

False

The potential fuel in tar sands is a waxy solid called kerogen.

False

Coal supplies about ______ percent of the energy used in the U.S

25

Natural gas supplies about _______ percent of the energy used in the U.S.

25

Petroleum accounts for about _______ percent of the energy used in the United States.

40

One barrel of oil is equal to how many gallons?

42

The worst oil spill in the U.S. water was the...

Exxon Valdez spill

Most petroleum is found in rocks no older that one to two million years old.

False

Most petroleum source rocks are highly permeable, course-grained, clastic sedimentary rocks.

False

Oil and natural gas are believed to have formed from the bodies of large land animals as dinosaurs.

False

The U.S. consumes about 10% of all the world's oil resources.

False

______________ is a soft, brown coal formed directly from peat.

Lignite

__________________ energy resources are those not being replenished or from on a human time scale.

Nonrenewable

____________, or petroleum, is not a single chemical compound, but a liquid mixture of various hydrocarbons.

Oil

Coal formation from land plants takes place under conditions in which oxygen is absent, or nearly so.

True

The U.S. obtains almost 90% of its energy from fossil fuels.

True

The richest oil shale deposits in the U.S. occur in the western gates of Colorado, Utah and Wyoming.

True


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