Chapter 14 Quick Test

The influx of immigrants to the United States tripled, then quadrupled, in the

1840s and 1850s

Between 1830 and 1860, nearly _______ million Irish arrived in America.

2

The canal era of American history began in 1817 with the construction of the

Erie Canal in New York.

All of the following are true statements about the relationship between Irish immigrants and U.S. citizens except

Irish immigrants became fiercely supportive of the abolitionist cause.

The first major transportation project in the United States, which ran sixty-two miles and was completed in the 1790s, that provide to be stimulus for western economic developments was the

Lancaster Turnpike.

A major economic consequence of the transportation and marketing revolutions was

a gradual, steady improvement in average wages and standards of living for all workers including unskilled workers.

German immigrants to the United States

came to escape economic hardships and autocratic government.

Eli Whitney was instrumental in the invention of the

cotton gin.

Compared with canals, railroads

could be built almost anywhere with sufficient financial capital.

For women, life on the frontier was especially difficult because they

experienced extreme loneliness and mental breakdowns for weeks without seeing another person.

With the development of cash-crop agriculture in the trans-Allegheny West

farmers quickly faced mounting indebtedness.

Construction of the Erie Canal

forced some New England farmers to move or change occupations.

The cult of domesticity

glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers.

Immigrants coming to the United States before 1860

helped to fuel economic expansion.

The "Father of Factory System" in the United States was

in average Samuel Slater.

The American phase of the industrial revolution first blossomed

in the New England textile industry.

In the case of Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842), the supreme court of Massachusetts ruled that

labor union were not illegal conspiracies in Massachusetts provided that their strategies and tactics were honorable and peaceful.

Whether they were propertied or landless, immigrants were often enticed to leave their homelands by

letters from family or friends in the U.S., bragging about easy opportunities for wealth.

The sentiment of fear and opposition to open immigration was called

nativism.

Native-born Protestant Americans feared that Catholic immigrants to the United States would

outbreed, outvote, and eventually overwhelm politically, socially, and culturally the Protestant native-born citizens and culture of America.

Ireland's great export in the 1840s was

people.

German immigrants in the early nineteenth century tended to

preserve their own language and culture.

One of the primary goals of the child-centered family of the early-mid 1800s was to

raise independent individuals who would become responsible citizens of American republic.

The dramatic growth of American cities between 1800 and 1860

resulted in unsanitary conditions in many communities.

As a result of the development of the cotton gin

slavery revived and expanded.

Most of the cotton produced in the American South after the invention of the cotton gin was

sold to England for production of textile in their mills.

A great deal of the cotton produced in American South in the early nineteenth century was

sold to New England textile mills.

The effect of earl-nineteenth-century industrialization on the trans-Allegheny West was to encourage

specialized, cash-crop agriculture.

In general, _____ tended to bind the West and South together, while ________ and ________ connected West to East.

steamboats, canals, railroads

The American workforce in the early nineteenth century was characterized by

substantial employment of women and children in factories.

Those nativists who were frightened by the rapid influx of Irish immigrants organized in 1849

the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner.

One reason that the condition of a significant segment of adult wage earners improved was

the enfranchisement of the laboring man.

As the new continental market economy grew

the home came to be viewed as a refuge from the workday world.

George Catlin advocated

the preservation of nature as a national policy.

The overwhelming event for Ireland in the 1840s was

the rebellion against British rule and potato famine.

The underlying basis for modern mass production was

the use of interchangeable parts.

Ecological imperialism, as exemplified during the American historical period of 1790-1860, can best be described s

the wanton, heedless exploitation of natural resources by humans aggressively engaged in economic development and trade.

Early-nineteenth-century American families

were getting smaller.

Pioneering Americans marooned by geography

were often ill informed, superstitious, provincial, and fiercely individualistic.

The major application for steamboats transporting freight and passengers in the United States was on

western and southern rivers.