Chapter 14.1-14.6 notes
Which of these statements about the medulla oblongata is true?
-It connects the brain and spinal cord -The medulla oblongata relays all communication between the brain and spinal cord -It coordinates complex autonomic functions
Which of these is found in the pons?
-Respiratory control nuclei -Nuclei for four cranial nerves -Tracts to the cerebellum
Which of the following help to protect the brain?
-The CSF -The bones of the skull -The blood-brain barrier -The cranial meninges
The presence of many large, highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the
Cerebellar cortex
Making rapid postural adjustments is a major function of the __________.
Cerebellum
Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of the
Cerebellum
The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the
Cerebral aqueduct
In the adult brain, which is the largest region?
Cerebrum
In each ventricle is a blood vessel network called the ________ that produces cerebrospinal fluid.
Choroid plexus
The pons is involved in all of the following EXCEPT __________.
Control of food intake (Truly involved in: -Automatically processing incoming sensations -Respiration -Connections to cerebellum)
Cardiovascular centers located in the ________ adjust the heart rate, the strength of cardiac contractions, and the flow of blood through the peripheral tissues.
Medulla oblongata
The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the
Medulla oblongata
The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in the
Medulla oblongata
The pons exchanges information with the cerebellum over the __________.
Middle cerebellar peduncle
What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain?
Pia mater
The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem are located in the
Pons
Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?
Prosencephalon (True divisions: -midbrain -diencephalon -cerebrum -pons)
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulates within the __________.
Subarachnoid space
Examination of a tissue sample from the central nervous system reveals many darkly pigmented cells. This tissue probably came from the
Substantia nigra
Injury to this center in the mesencephalon may lead to Parkinson's disease.
Substantia nigra
The tectum of the mesencephalon contains the
Superior and inferior colliculi
The cerebrum develops from the embryonic __________.
Telencephalon
Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the
Thalamus
Which statement is true regarding the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid of the spinal cord and brain?
The choroid plexuses are located only within the brain, not within the spinal cord.
Chambers within the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid are called
Ventricles
The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.
Hypothalamus
The medulla oblongata relays auditory information to the
Inferior colliculi
A brain hemorrhage is life-threatening because
-The pressure increase within the space can distort and potentially damage brain tissue -The person can lose consciousness -Neurological changes will occur -Some areas of the brain will not be receiving blood
The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue.
97%
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaves the central nervous system (CNS) and enters the circulation at the __________.
Arachnoid granulations
The white matter of the cerebellum forms a branching array called the
Arbor Vitae
The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS capillary endothelial cells are the
Astrocytes
Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus.
Ependymal
The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the
Falx cerebri
The elevated ridges of the cerebrum are called
Gyri
If you are reading and you unexpectedly hear a loud noise, your head generally snaps up. Which portion of the midbrain is most likely to be responsible for this reflexive motion?
The inferior colliculus