Chapter 15 Learning Curve

Approximately _____ percent of the population suffer from panic disorder.

2 to 3

Avoiding eating in public, speaking up in public, and going to parties is characteristic of _____ anxiety disorder.

social

The U.S. National Institute of Mental Health estimates that about 1 in _____ adult Americans suffers from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year.

5

People who feel irrationally and intensely afraid of a specific object or situation are suffering from a(n) _____.

phobia

In one survey, _____ percent of those with social anxiety disorder experienced the disorder after a traumatic event.

58

Susan has been diagnosed with panic disorder and refuses to leave her home without her husband. She fears any situation in which she cannot escape or find help when a panic attack would strike. Susan suffers not only from panic disorder, but also from:

Agoraphobia

_____ described what is now called generalized anxiety disorder as free-floating anxiety.

Freud

_____ proposed that, beginning in childhood, people repress intolerable impulses, ideas, and feelings, and that this submerged mental energy sometimes produces mystifying symptoms, such as anxiety.

Freud

Which statement is true concerning the acquisition and maintenance of phobias?

Phobias are acquired through classical conditioning and maintained through operant conditioning.

The American _____ Association dropped homosexuality as a disorder because more and more of its members no longer viewed it as a psychological problem.

Psychiatric

_____ is the mental disorder that is MOST likely to lead to poverty.

Schizophrenia

Lynette is released after a four-week stay at a psychiatric hospital. She needs to find an apartment near her job because she cannot afford a car. When she talks to potential landlords, how should she describe herself?

She should not tell them she was in a psychiatric hospital. Many people react negatively to those labeled "mentally ill"

Although Mark realizes his behavior is unreasonable, he is so distraught by high bridges that he avoids them and takes an unnecessarily lengthy route to and from work each day. Mark appears to suffer from:

a phobia

People who feel irrationally and intensely afraid of a specific object or situation are suffering from:

a phobia

Randy has an intense, irrational fear of dogs. Randy might be diagnosed with:

a phobia

Which sequence correctly orders psychological disorders from earliest to latest age of onset?

antisocial personality disorder > phobic disorder > obsessive-compulsive disorder

The three key symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) do NOT include:

apathy

George, a gay man who is not open about his sexual orientation in his work environment due to fear of discrimination, is likely to:

be at greater risk for mental health problems due to social stigma

Dr. Phelps believes that psychological disorders are influenced by genetic predispositions and physiological states. He is also aware that inner psychological dynamics, social dynamics, and culture influence psychological disorders. Dr. Phelps believes in a _____ model.

biopsychosocial

Using _____, researchers have created chronically anxious, ulcer-prone rats by giving them unpredictable electric shocks.

classical conditioning

Gena believes that people with psychological disorders are suffering from diseases that have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and sometimes even cured. Gena believes in the _____ model of psychological disorders.

medical

Sally is focused on cleaning her home, which she does for three to four hours per day. In particular, the fringe on her rugs must be straight on both sides in all five rooms. This takes considerable time and she often repeats this 10 to 12 times per day in addition to her ritualistic cleaning. Her experience is MOST symptomatic of _____ disorder.

obsessive-compulsive

Four people are seen in a psychiatric clinic for treatment with newly acquired mental illness. Their respective diagnoses are obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), bipolar disorder, phobic disorder, and schizophrenia. The person suffering from _____ is MOST likely to be an adolescent.

phobic disorder

Years after he barely survived an attack that killed his wife and two children, Mr. Puskari suffers recurring flashbacks and frequent nightmares of the event. They render him incapable of holding a steady job. Mr. Puskari is MOST clearly showing signs of _____ disorder.

posttraumatic stress

_____ disorder is characterized by lingering memories, nightmares, and other symptoms after a severely threatening, uncontrollable event.

posttraumatic stress

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) added many new psychological disorders to its list. A criticism of this change was that:

psychiatrists may be overextending the bounds of normality and labeling normal behavior as a disorder

This helps maintain our phobias after they arise.

reinforcement

Penny is an intensely shy person who rarely attends gatherings of people. In addition, she normally will not accept dinner invitations and refuses to speak in public, even if it is among a group of friends. Penny MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder.

social

The medical model, one of the two models currently in use for understanding and treating psychological disorders, uses medical terms. Which of these is NOT a term from the medical model?

social stressors

The discovery that the disease _____ invades the brain and distorts the mind fueled interest in discovering the physical causes of other mental disorders.

syphilis

Qwan often finds himself anxious in social situations. He avoids eye contact with others and regularly dismisses his fears of blushing uncontrollably as shyness. If Qwan were Japanese, he might be suffering from:

taijin-kyofusho

About one-_____ of American college students report an apparent mental health problem.

third