Chapter 15 PSYCH
SMART GOAL setting and empowerment
S-pecific M-otivational A-ttainable R-elevant T-rackable S-hared (social support cam increase commitment to reaching a goal, feedback from collegues can fuel self-motivation -empowerment is behavioral antecedent (feedforward); self-motivation reflects the impact of consequences (feedback). feeling empowered means an individual is ready (activated) to work to achieve a given goal. Self-motivated person anticipates or has received a consequence (feedback) supporting self-directed rather than other-directed behavior
principle of reciprocity
a social norm that says if someone does you a favor, you should repay it in kind -repaying others with form of behavior they have received from them
ask for recognition
ask for well-deserved feedback
consider secondhand recognition
build a sense of belongingness or group cohesion among individuals -someone praises you, friendship increases
Self-Motivation
choice, competence, community enhance self-motivation -increase positive consequences to increase the occurrence of a target behavior has long-term impact if it inspires self-motivation by linking behavioral consequences with a perception of choice, competence, and community -can activate desired behavior
Choice, competence, community
choice: perception of having more than one option with regard to accomplishing a particular task or action plan competence: we need each other, acts performed for well-being of others Community:
empowerment
delegation of authority or responsibility, or to sharing decision making
participative management
empowering people in the design and/or implementation of the contingencies or the accountability system that controls one or more of their behaviors
the SAPS process
essentially a feedback process to show appreciation and reward AC4P behavior of other
Feedforward vs. feedback
feedback, should focus strictly on observed behavior feedforward: needs to be given using straightforward and objective words feedback: observing behavior what someone did correctly/incorrecty -behavior improvement techniques, behavioral direction (feedforward) and behavioral correction (feedback) are approved and appreciated when being specific
humanistic behaviorism and actively caring
humanistic behaviorism: modulated by traditional humanistic approaches helps in molding of an efficient helping environment for children -enhances long-term positive and sustainable relationships Actively caring: the combination of action and compassion, resulting in behavior performed on behalf of the safety, health, and/or well-being of one or more other persons actively caring for people (AC4P): the application of behavioral science and select principles from humanism in order to increase the frequency and improve the quality of behavior that benefits human health, safety, security, and/or welfare -refereed to as humanistic behaviorism
5 levels of listening
ignoring, pretending, selective, attentive, empathetic
use it later for self-motivation
know feedback is well-deserved
show sincere appreciation
make it personal
Lesson 6: Manage Behavior and Lead People
managers: hold us accountable to perform desirable behavior
don't deny or disclaim
nothing special about behavior and it didn't warrant special feedback..supportive feedback must be accepted... prior and unnoticed behaviors
vicarious reinforcement
observing someone else receive a reward or punishment -their actions make us want to improve our performance
listen actively
pinpoint specific behavior
vicarious punishment
process where the observer sees the model punished, making the observer less likely to imitate the model's behavior
reward the recognizer
reward recognizer, thank them for recognizing your behavior
LESSON 7: Self actualization to self- transcedence
self-actualization: top of Maslow's initial Hierarchy of needs at which a person feels a sense of ultimate achievement -having fulfilled one's potential transcendence: top of Maslow's revised hierarchy of needs whereby AC4P mindset is realized, and the individual experiences personal fulfillment and reinforcement when performing AC4P behavior- behavior contributing to the health, safety, security, and the well-being of another person
self-efficacy, response efficacy, outcome expectancy
self-efficacy: can I do it? response efficacy: will it work? Outcome expectancy: Is it worth it?
impact if positive vs. negative consequences
self-motivation: person-state that reflects internal drive to perform a certain behavior or achieve a particular outcome of one of more behaviors from a self-directed mindset -difference in mindset when people work together towards success-personal states success seeker: opportunity failure avoider: dread failure don't anticipate success pessimism: thinking it will not be successful positive consequence improve behavior/attitudes
delivery feedforward and feedback
***on time, specific, appropriate, real be timely (feedback before bad action happens, anticipation), make it real activator: environmental event implemented to influence the occurrence of a particular behavior remember SOAR
Delivering supportive feedback
-Be timely -Make it personal -Take it to a higher level -Deliver it privately -Let it sink in -Use tangibles for symbolic value -Consider secondhand recognition
accepting supportive feedback
-Don't deny or disclaim -Listen actively -Use it later for self-motivation -Show sincere appreciation -Reward the recognizer -Ask for recognition
AC4P Movement and Wristband
-activating and motivating ourselves and others to actively care-to take effective action based on our caring -specific when describing behavior you appreciate -token of appreciation
Lesson 3: improve with feedforward and feedback
-behavior improves through feedback -people want to be competent: belief in your own skills -feedback can be negative the way it is delivered
impact of feedforward
-boost self-esteem -personal competence -sense of community -belongingness -increase likelihood of performing another act of kindness -help others realize self-transcendence
Empathic AC4P Listening
-empathetic listening -not listening if preparing what to say to them ne
Lesson 1: employ more positive consequences
-feedback for improvement -too many rely on corrective feedback, need more positive feedback -self-motivation for self and others
Ask Questions first
-get person to tell you how they could of been more effective in the situation
embrace and practice empathy
-indirect internal impact of an intervention -capacity for experiencing as one's own feelings of another -understanding someone else's situation -identify with someone's situation -must listen actively
principles of consistency
-people want to be consistent in their actions and attitudes -possible to act a person into a certain attitude (or way of thinking) and vice versa -positive attitudes are boosted towards AC4P
Repeat, Rephrase, Ratify, Reflect
-restate -reaffirm you understand -reflect for insight...advice
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
-self transcendence the top instead self-actualization Self transcendence self-actualization self-esteem needs safety and security needs physiological needs
Lesson 4: Use more supportive feedback
-success produces most effective learning -pleasant consequence motivates us to continue the behavior -dont always need error to correct a behavior... this only tells us what not to do -timely, make it personal, take it to a higher level(specific behavior... why it is positive), deliver it privately, let it sink in, use tangible symbolic value -focus should be fruits of labor rather than material prize
Lesson 2: benefit from observational learning
-watching someone perform a task who is better than you -verbal and actions can influence us
A brother's/sister's keeper culture
An environmental setting in which all participants feel empowered and self-motivated to routinely perform AC4P behavior on behalf of the health, safety, and well-being of everyone else in that setting
COACH & the ABC Model
C-Are O-bserve A-nalyze C-Communicate H-elp, behavioral feedback accepted, trying to improve
counter control for personal control
NEGATIVE: counter-control: behavior contrary to a directive, performed to illustrate a sense of personal freedom -too much corrective