Chapter 16 History

Radical Republicans wanted to drastically change southern society by recognizing the equality of former slaves. A. True B. False

A.

The Compromise of 1877 showed that some Republicans and southern Democrats were willing to come together in making a private deal to meet their own political ends. A. True B. False

A.

The most popular religious denomination among blacks in the postwar South was Baptist. A. True B. False

A.

Most carpetbaggers were A. corrupt and greedy southerners. B. illiterate laborers. C. wealthy business owners. D. Union veterans. E. former Confederates.

D.

African Americans were active agents in affecting the course of Reconstruction. A. True B. False

A.

By the fall of 1865, how did many freedmen respond to the all-white state conventionsorganized under Johnson's Reconstruction plan? A. organizing freedmen's conventions in state capitals to call for certain rights B. fleeing the South and heading to northern cities such as Chicago and New York C. accepting that the South would remain in the hands of former Confederates D. calling for a separate state for all African Americans because coexistence was unfathomable E. resorting to vigilant violence in an attempt to combat the return of slavery by another name

A.

Why did the Radical-led Congress pass the Civil Rights Act of 1866? A. It was a response to the black codes and the neo-slavery system created by unrepentant southern legislatures. B. It was to foster national reconciliation and genuine feelings of patriotism among all Americans. C. It was part of a plan to ease the requirements on the readmission of southern states to the Union. D. It enjoyed the support of President Johnson and would finally grant Native Americans equal rights. E. It would convince the southern states to rejoin the Union by clarifying the rights of their citizens.

A.

Although it was a spectacle, the effort to remove Johnson from the presidency ultimately strengthened public support for Congressional Reconstruction. A. True B. False

B.

Reconstruction of former Confederate states only began after the war. A. True B. False

B.

Southern Democrats embraced the Scalawags and propped them up in important governmental positions. A. True B. False

B.

The South emerged from the Civil War with a strong, diversified economy. A. True B. False

B.

The events in Colfax, Louisiana, on Easter Sunday in 1873 are evidence of the A. success of Reconstruction policies in achieving a biracial democracy in the South. B. willingness of ex-Confederates and Klansmen to murder blacks. C. support Grant had enjoyed in the Election of 1872 among southern Republicans. D. economic consequences of "soft-money" policies in the South. E. strength of the Union Leagues in Louisiana to rally support for black office holders.

B.

How did "redeemer" Conservative Democrats come to power in the South during the 1870s? A. by forming a close coalition with northern Democrats B. by adopting a pro-Republican position that favored Reconstruction policies C. by using the race issue to excite the white electorate and threaten black voters D. through fair and free elections ensured by federal troops E. with the support of the black vote after redeemers promised to protect black suffrage

C.

What was the significance of the Military Reconstruction Act? A. It was overturned by the Supreme Court and showed Congress's waning support. B. It showed the decline of Radical power and the growing authority of the executive branch. C. It required new state constitutions and established military districts in the South. D. It removed federal troops from the South and gave southerners more say over Reconstruction. E. It wiped out the black codes and gave African Americans a prominent place in the army.

C.

President Johnson fully broke with Congress in 1866 when he A. made a drunken appearance in public. B. spoke in favor of the black codes. C. released Jefferson Davis from prison. D. vetoed the Civil Rights Act. E. addressed the Radicals in profane language.

D.

What did Major Martin Delaney believe to be MOST important for freedmen to possess if they wanted to avoid becoming slaves again? A. education, so as to be qualified for the same types of jobs as white men B. voting rights, so as to have the ability to elect anti-slavery leaders in the South C. health, so as to have the energy necessary to combat day-to-day racial prejudice D. land, so as to become economically self-reliant as farmers E. civil equality, so as to open the possibility for better opportunities in the long term

D.

Why was the Compromise of 1877 significant? A. It gave the White House to Tilden, which guaranteed that Democrats would once again have the executive power of the presidency. B. It ended the North-South division in that it created a labor system through which many southerners would migrate to the North and vice versa. C. It protected the civil rights of ex-slaves by calling for the thorough enforcement of laws against voter suppression. D. It brought about the end of Reconstruction through the promise that federal troops would be removed from the Deep South. E. It increased the role of the federal government in the South by establishing five additional military districts.

D.

In South Carolina, the fact that lower-class whites enjoyed unprecedented political power under Radical Republican rule A. generated unexpected support for Radical Reconstruction among southern white elites. B. resulted in a rebellion that overthrew the reconstructed South Carolina state government. C. enabled the state legislature to reinstitute legal slavery. D. helped keep corruption from becoming a problem in the state government. E. led many former Confederate leaders to oppose the Radical state legislature.

E.

President Grant's attitude toward Native Americans is best described as A. generous because Grant favored paying native tribes reparations to help them reestablish themselves on new lands away from white settlers. B. nonexistent because Grant was so focused on Reconstruction that he paid little attention to Indian policy and failed to make the group any promises. C. aggressive because Grant believed it would be necessary to destroy Native American communities and use violence to pacify the West. D. ignorant because Grant believed that tensions between Native American and western settlers would be resolved without government action. E. progressive because Grant believed that the best policy was one of conciliation and that the root of the problem was actually "bad whites."

E.

What was the "Lost Cause"? A. It was a term that referred to southerners' sense of embarrassment following the Civil War that they had ever engaged in and fought for a practice as terrible as slavery. B. It was a common phrase used by African Americans to describe their frustrations with Reconstruction and belief that life had been better before the war because they had more security. C. It was a narrative that described the widespread belief among northerners that Reconstruction had been a waste of time and had resulted in few advances in terms of African American rights. D. It was a concept shared among northerners and southerners that whether they liked it or not, their prior way of life would be lost forever as they set aside their differences in favor of an integrated nation. E. It was a sanitized version of history in the South that glamorized the old plantation culture and claimed that the Civil War concerned the honorable defense of states' rights rather than slavery.

E.