Chapter 16 physics test

When you're ready for the hottest sips of coffee, add cream

right away

Long ago a runaway greenhouse effect transformed the planet

Venus

Blow on your hand with your mouth open. Then do the same with your lips puckered and you'll find

both of these

Newton's law of cooling applies to objects undergoing

both of these

Solar power is used in many parts of the world for

both of these

Steam that issues from a pressure cooker

both of these

The lower the temperature of an object, the

both of these

A parcel of warmed air rises due to

buoyancy

A red-hot piece of coal will cool quicker in a

cold room

If air were a better conductor, at nighttime Earth would be

considerably colder.

Soaring birds and glider pilots can remain aloft for hours without expending power, due to

convection

You can safely hold your fingers on both sides of a candle flame due mainly to

convection

If a volume of air is warmed, it expands and tends to

cool

If the composition of the upper atmosphere were altered to permit a greater amount of terrestrial radiation to escape, Earth would be

cooler

If a pizza radiates more energy than it absorbs, its temperature

decreases

To save energy while you leave your warm house for a half hour on a cold day, turn the thermostat

down

Terrestrial radiation is

emitted by Earth

The solar constant is the

input of solar energy per square meter atop Earth's atmosphere.

Metals are good conductors of both heat and electricity due to

looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms.

A blueberry pie will be a net absorber of energy when its temperature is

lower than its surroundings

The solar constant for Earth is

1.4 kW/m2

The amount of solar energy per square meter atop the atmosphere at right angles to the Sun's rays is about

1400 joules

If there were no greenhouse effect, Earth's average temperature would likely be

a frigid -18°C

A good heat conductor is

a poor insulator

The temperature of outer space is

about 2.7 kelvin

Objects that radiate relatively well

absorb radiation relatively well

The pupil of your eye is a net

absorber of radiant energy

A bare roof on a warmly heated home on a snowy day indicates

all of the above

Every equation in physics reminds us of a lesson: we can never change only one thing. When we change the composition of the atmosphere we likely also change

all of the above

Substances absorb heat energy by the process of

all of the above

Which body glows with electromagnetic waves

all of the above

Wood is a poor conductor

all of the above

Which of these are good insulators?

all the above

Glass in a florist's greenhouse acts as a one-way valve in that it

allows high-frequency waves in and blocks low-frequency waves exiting

If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for heat, you would be warmer in

an igloo.

If no molecular collisions occurred in a sample of gas, temperature of the gas would

be unaffected

A liter of cold water will warm faster in sunlight in a

black pot

A liter of hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a

black pot

Both black and white road surfaces absorb sunlight. The warmer road surface at the end of a sunny day is the

black surface

Because of trapped air inside, snow is a

both a good insulator and a poor conductor.

In terms of transferring heat, red-hot wooden coals

conduct poorly.

A region of expanding air tends to

cool.

The heat we enjoy on a sunny day is due mainly to the Sun's

enormous size

If you release a single molecule in an evacuated region it will initially

fall just as a baseball would

Energy transfer by convection is primarily restricted to

fluids

A good absorber of radiation is a

good emitter of radiation

A bridge is more likely to be ice covered than the roadway on a cold day because

heat upwelling from the ground below is absent on a bridge

An apple pie will be a net emitter of energy when its temperature is

higher than its surroundings

In a mixture of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and nitrogen gas, the molecules with the greatest average speed are those of

hydrogen

If a pizza absorbs more energy than it emits, its temperature

increases

When a volume of air is compressed, air temperature

increases

When a hot object makes thermal contact with a cold object, the direction of

internal energy flow is from hot to cold

On a cold day your feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because a rug

is a poorer conductor.

When an object absorbs as much as it radiates

it remains at about the same temperature

Hydrogen and oxygen molecules in a sample of gas have the same temperature. This means the hydrogen molecules, on average, have the same

kinetic energy, but more speed

If a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter, its temperature would be

less than its surroundings

The reason you can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning your feet mainly involves

low conductivity of the coals.

When coal dust is spread on snow on a sunny day

more melting occurs

Which of these are good conductors?

none of the above

To save energy while you leave your cool house for a half hour on a hot day, turn the temperature setting on the air conditioner

off altogether

A good reflector of radiation is a

poor absorber of radiation

A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face each other. The silver coating reduces energy transfer by

radiation

A photovoltaic cell receives energy input by

radiation

The form of heat transfer that doesn't depend on a medium is

radiation

The planet Earth loses heat primarily by

radiation

Molecules in a region of expanding air more often collide with neighboring molecules that are

receding

Looking forward, common consensus will likely agree that the wisest use of fossil fuels is to

save them for tomorrow's materials

The higher the temperature of an object, the

shorter the wavelengths it radiates

In practice, a good insulator

slows heat flow.

Solar power is the rate at which

solar energy is received from the Sun

It is commonly thought that a can of beverage will cool faster in the coldest part of a refrigerator. Knowledge of Newton's law of cooling

supports this common knowledge

Sun's radiant energy is composed of shorter wavelengths than Earth's due to Sun's greater

surface temperature.

Heat normally flows from objects of high

temperature to objects of low temperature.

A water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire. This is because

the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains.

Waves emitted by the Sun and terrestrial wave emissions are

the same except for their frequencies and wavelengths

At the same temperature, which has greater average speed in the air?

very light molecules

Which is the most abundant greenhouse gas in Earth's atmosphere

water vapor

Both black and white road surfaces radiate energy. At midnight on a starry night the warmer road surface is the

white surface

When you touch a nail stuck in ice, energy flows from

your hand to the ice.

A block of wood and a block of copper will feel neither hot nor cold to the touch when they each have

your temperature.